Earticle

The aim of this study is the finding of the effect of the experiential consumption features of individual travelers on continuous participation intention and relationship commitment. The experiential consumption features of individual travel comprise playfuless, symbolism, intercommunity and aesthetics. Three of relationship commitment are belief, emtoion and activity. And continuous participation intention is consist 3item. To achieve this research, set up hypothesis referring to literature. 306 out of total 320 copies of questionnaires were collected and analysis used for SPSS 21.0. It is summarized as follows that the result of hypothesis examined about influence relationship between continuous participation intention and relationship commitment on experiential consumer features of individual traveler. First, experiential consumption features of individual traveler are partial positive effect on relationship commitment. Second, relationship commitment of individual travelers have a partial positive continuous participation intention. Third, experiential consumption features of individual traveler have a partial positive effect on continuous participation intention. Accordingly, individual traveler can be influenced by psychological factors such as experiential consumption, relationship commiment. The findings suggest ways that travel agency have ito effort improvement of individual travel environment and development several individual travel products.

본 연구의 목적은 중국 인터넷 동영상 특성이 사용자의 구독 만족도와 지속구독의도에 미치는 영향을 검증하는데 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 2021년 4월 16일부터 5월 16일까지 한 달 동안 구독한 경험이 있는 고객을 대상으로 온라인과 설문 조사를 실시하여 총338부 설문지에 수집하여 이에 대한 불성실한 응답과 구독하지 않은 응답 55부를 제외하고 총283부를 사용하여 실증분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 본 연구의 가설검증을 실시하기 전에 측정개념에 대한 타당성과 신뢰성 분석결과 인터넷 동영상 특성은 정확성, 사회적 영향, 서비스 품질, 콘텐츠 다양성, 정보성, 오락성 등 6개 요인으로 나타났다. 둘째, 인터넷 동영상의 특성 6가지 요인 중 정확성, 사회적 영향, 서비스 품질, 정보성이 구독 만족도의 유의한 정(+)영향을 미친 것이다. 셋째, 인터넷 동영상 특성 중의 콘텐츠 다양성과 오락성이 제외하고 나머지 4가지 요인들이 소비자의 지속구독의도에 긍정적이 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 구독만족도가 지속구독의도에 긍정적이 영향을 미친 것으로 검증하였다. 다섯째, 인터넷 동영상의 특성 및 지속구독의도 간의 구독만족도의 매개효과가 있다는 것으로 판단하였다.

The purpose of this paper is to verify the influence of the characteristics of Chinese online video on users' subscription satisfaction and continuous subscription intention. For this purpose, this paper conducted online and offline questionnaire for customers who had subscription experiences within one month from April 16 to May 16, 2021. A total of 338 questionnaires were collected, except for 55 dishonest responses and non-subscription responses. A total of 283 copies were used for empirical analysis. The analysis results are as follows. First, before implementing the hypothesis verification of this paper, the results of analyzing the rationality and reliability of the measurement concept show six factors of online video characteristics, such as accuracy, social impact, service quality, content diversity, information, and entertainment. Second, among the six factors of the characteristics of online video, accuracy, social influence, service quality, and information have a "positive (+)" impact on subscription satisfaction. Third, in addition to the content diversity and entertainment in the characteristics of online video, the other four factors have a positive impact on consumers' continuous subscription intention. Fourth, subscription satisfaction has a positive impact on continuous subscription intention. Fifth, there is a media effect of subscription satisfaction between the characteristics of online video and the intention of continuous subscription.

A novel approach to feature selection is proposed for data space defined over continuous features. This approach can obtain a subset of features, such that the subset features can discriminate class labels of objects and the discriminant ability is prior or equivalent to that of the original features, so to effectively improve the learning performance and intelligibility of the classification model. According to the spatial distribution of objects and their classification labels, a data space is partitioned into subspaces, each with a clear edge and a single classification label. Then these labelled subspaces are projected to each continuous feature. The measurement of each feature is estimated for a subspace against all other subspace-projected features by means of statistical significance. Through the construction of a matrix of the measurements of the subspaces by all features, the subspace-projected features are ranked in a descending order based on the discriminant ability of each feature in the matrix. After evaluating a gain function of the discriminant ability defined by the best-so-far feature subset, the resulting feature subset can be incrementally determined. Our comprehensive experiments on the UCI Repository data sets have demonstrated that the approach of the subspace-based feature ranking and feature selection has greatly improved the effectiveness and efficiency of classifications on continuous features.

To extract hand tracks and hand shape features from continuous sign language videos for gesture classification using backpropagation neural network. Horn Schunck optical flow (HSOF) extracts tracking features and Active Contours (AC) extract shape features. A feature matrix characterizes the signs in continuous sign videos. A neural network object with backpropagation training algorithm classifies the signs into various words sequences in digital format. Digital word sequences are translated into text with matching and the suiting text is voice translated using windows application programmable interface (Win-API). Ten signers, each doing sentences having 30 words long tests the performance of the algorithm by computing word matching score (WMS). The WMS is varying between 88 and 91 percent when executed on different cross platforms on various processors such as Windows8 with Inteli3, Windows8.1 with inteli3 and windows10 with inteli3 running MATLAB13(a).

To extract hand tracks and hand shape features from continuous sign language videos for gesture classification using backpropagation neural network. Horn Schunck optical flow (HSOF) extracts tracking features and Active Contours (AC) extract shape features. A feature matrix characterizes the signs in continuous sign videos. A neural network object with backpropagation training algorithm classifies the signs into various words sequences in digital format. Digital word sequences are translated into text with matching and the suiting text is voice translated using windows application programmable interface (Win-API). Ten signers, each doing sentences having 30 words long tests the performance of the algorithm by computing word matching score (WMS). The WMS is varying between 88 and 91 percent when executed on different cross platforms on various processors such as Windows8 with Inteli3, Windows8.1 with inteli3 and windows10 with inteli3 running MATLAB13(a).

In this brief, a novel pathological continuous speech detection method based on time domain features weighted. First, different optimal threshold for time domain features, including zero crossing ratio, short-time energy and autocorrelation, are obtained from training speech data. Second, a difference evaluation technique is proposed, and with it, the difference of the same time domain feature selected from testing speech data and training speech data were obtained. Finally, to distinguish a given speech well, a novel weighting method based on difference evaluation for each kinds of time domain is employed, respectively. Experiments were conducted on the pathological speech database to prove the power and effectiveness of the proposed method. Results obtained shown that this method outperforms other early proposed time domain feature method, creating a more reliable technique for pathological continuous speech detection.

This study analyzed the effects of consumers’ shopping orientation, innovation attribute and app features in the booming mobile internet shopping malls on the consumption value, user satisfaction and intention of continuous use with intent to suggest some strategies for the further advancement of mobile internet shopping malls. Each of recruited 200 undergraduate mobile internet users in Seoul and Gyeonggi completed the questionnaire. A valid sample of 175 out of the returned 193 response sheets were analyzed to gather the data, excluding the ones containing insincere responses. The findings highlighted the following conclusions and implications. First, consumers’ shopping orientation had significant effects on their consumption value in mobile internet shopping malls, which suggested the increasing interest in and use of the rapidly growing mobile shopping. Second, mobile internet shopping malls’ innovation had significant effects on consumers’ consumption value, which indicated the effects of consumers’ interest in the latest mobile internet technology on their consumption in everyday life. Third, the app features in mobile internet shopping malls had significant effects on the consumption value, which underlined the effects of economic aspects or convenience of mobile internet use on the consumption value. Fourth, the consumption value of mobile internet shopping malls had significant effects on users’ satisfaction and intention of continuous use, which indicated the high satisfaction with mobile internet shopping malls. Fifth, as the sub-factors of shopping orientation, the orientations toward enjoyment and fashion had statistically significant positive effects. As the sub-factors of app features, economic feasibility and ubiquity had statistically significant positive effects. Finally, as the sub-factors of consumption value, only the functional value had statistically significant positive effects on the user satisfaction, whilst functional and emotional values had statistically significant positive effects on the intention of continuous use. This finding implied consumers found mobile shopping more convenient and enjoyable than other retail channels, which mobile internet shopping apps should take into account in developing strategies.

Objective : The treatment of multiple thoracolumbar spine fractures according to fracture continuity has rarely been reported. Herein we evaluate the clinical features and outcomes of multiple thoracolumbar fractures depending on continuous or noncontinuous status. Methods : From January 2010 to January 2016, 48 patients with acute thoracic and lumbar multiple fractures who underwent posterior fusion surgery were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups (group A : continuous; group B : noncontinuous). We investigated the causes of the injuries, the locations of the injuries, the range of fusion levels, and the functional outcomes based on the patients' general characteristics. Results : A total of 48 patients were enrolled (group A : 25 patients; group B : 23 patients). Both groups had similar pre-surgical clinical and radiologic features. The fusion level included three segments (group A : 4; group B : 5) or four segments (group A : 19; group B : 5). Group B required more instrumented segments than did group A. Group A scored 23.5 and group B scored 33.4 on the Korean Oswestry Disability Index (KODI) at the time of last follow-up. In both groups, longer fusion was associated with worse KODI score. Conclusion : In this study, due to the assumption of similar initial clinical and radiologic features in both group, the mechanism of multiple fractures is presumed to be the same between continuous and noncontinuous fractures. The noncontinuous fracture group had worse KODI scores in long-term follow-up, thought to be due to long fusion level. Therefore, we recommend minimizing the number of segments that are fused in multiple thoracolumbar and lumbar fractures when decompression is not necessary.

As is well known, the classification of common nouns already has been established well in the history of Spanish grammar. Therefore, most scholars have used it as the basis for their analysis without much consideration. But, such classification has posed a problem that has not been fundamentally resolved, namely the presence of overlap between the sub-categories of common nouns and the re-categorization between lower types due to the conversion of categories. Furthermore, each scholar uses different classification names or systems, causing confusion in the in-depth analysis of common nouns with consistent criteria. In this paper, I tried to overcome the limitations of traditional common noun analysis by introducing the features [+continuos/ -continuos]. The parts that were difficult to solve with a traditional feature analysis can be more clearly analyzed by these features. I analyzed deeply the continuity of nouns, and, based on this concept, explained systematically the similarities between the plural form of material nouns and the plural form of countable nouns. And I also resolved clearly the interpretational confusion between symmetrical nouns and asymmetric nouns. I argued logically that the plural morphemes [-s/ -es] of material nouns can be explained semantically by the concept of continuity, and is not related with the existing countability of nouns.

This research, which has been planned to appreciate the features of continuous observation of space, has applied the procedure of acquiring continuous visual information when the act of watching takes place along the time to analyze the space characteristics through the scenes and time so that the features of attention shown in the process of acquiring visual information at the time of observing continuous scenes might be estimated. For analysis of the features of continuous observation was set up the premise that the features of observation and perception vary depending on gender, when the women shops in department stores were selected as research objects. The observation features found at the time of continuous observation of selling spaces in department stores were focused on two analysis methods in order to compare the differences and characteristics of the two. The followings are the findings. First, the area with predominant observation was found to be 87.1% in both methods. It was found that the analysis of observation features by "Analysis I" was useful for inter-sectional comparison of continuous images. Second, in case of extracting predominant sections, the ceiling or the structures which are the backgrounds rarely attracted any eyes. Depending on analysis method, there was the gap of 14.3%~25.0% between observed sections. Third, in case that the hall is curved, the eyes were found to be expanded from side to side and up and down. The review of observation numbers of predominant sections makes it possible to decide whether it should be regarded as (1) unstability or (2) expanding search, and when the images are enlarged from distant view to close-range view, the weakening vanishing point results in the increase of expanded search of surroundings. Accordingly, it was found that the characteristics of images has effects on the observation features when any space was continuously observed. Furthermore, the difference of analysis methods also was found to be likely to cause big differences in the results of analyzing observation features.

이 연구는 프랜차이즈 커피 전문점 스마트 오더의 특성을 지각된 혜택(편재 접속성, 통제성, 경제성, 맞춤성)과지각된 희생(사후편익, 성가심) 두 가지 차원으로 구성하여 지각된 가치 및 지속사용의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고자 하였으며, 혁신성향의 조절 역할을 규명하고자 하였다. 실증분석을 위한 설문조사 실시 전 프랜차이즈 커피 전문점전용 스마트 오더 사용자를 대상으로 사전 조사를 실시하여 측정항목의 적합도와 이해도를 확인하였으며, 본 설문조사는인터넷 설문조사를 실시하여 불성실한 응답자를 제외한 최종 442부를 SPSS 25.0을 활용하여 데이터를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 스마트 오더 특성의 지각된 혜택인 편재 접속성, 통제성, 경제성, 맞춤성과 지각된 희생인 사후편익, 성가심은 지각된 가치에 유의한 영향을 미치며, 지각된 가치는 지속사용의도에 유의한 영향을 미친다는 것을 밝혀냈다. 또한, 통제성, 맞춤성, 사후편익, 성가심이 지각된 가치에 미치는 영향은 스마트 오더 사용자의 혁신성향 수준에 따라 조절되는 것으로확인되었다. 따라서 프랜차이즈 커피 전문점은 사용자의 혁신성향 수준에 맞는 스마트 오더 서비스를 제공하고 마케팅전략의 계획에 사용자의 지각된 가치를 고려해야 한다는 결론을 도출하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 혁신성향의 수준에 따른지각된 가치의 차이와 지속사용의도를 이해하는 데 중요한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대하며, 이를 통해 사용자의 혁신성향 수준에 맞춤화된 스마트 오더 서비스 제공과 사용자의 다양한 요구에 부응하고 사용자 만족과 지속사용의도를 높이기 위한 서비스 설계 및 마케팅 전략의 계획을 수립하는 데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

This research investigates the influence of smart ordering characteristics in franchised coffee shops on perceived value and the intention to continue using the service. These characteristics are categorized into two value dimensions: perceived benefits (including ubiquitous connectivity, controllability, economic advantages, and personalization) and perceived sacrifices (comprising post-benefit aspects and annoyances). The study also explores the moderating role of innovation propensity in this context. The findings of this study indicate that the perceived benefits of smart order attributes, namely ubiquitous connectivity, controllability, economic advantages, and personalization, as well as the perceived sacrifices related to post-benefit aspects and annoyances, significantly impact perceived value. Perceived value, in turn, significantly influences the intention to continue using smart ordering services. Furthermore, the study confirms that the impact of controllability, personalization, post-benefit aspects, and annoyances on perceived value is contingent upon the level of innovation propensity among smart order users. Therefore, it is recommended that franchise coffee shops tailor their smart order services to align with the innovation propensity levels of their users while taking into account users' perceived value in the formulation of marketing strategies. The results of this study provide valuable insights into understanding the variations in perceived value and the intention to continue using smart ordering services based on users' innovation propensity. This, in turn, is expected to contribute to the development of customized smart order services that cater to users' innovation propensity levels, address diverse user needs, and facilitate the planning of service design and marketing strategies aimed at enhancing user satisfaction and fostering continued usage.