Earticle

본 연구는 장거리 사이클 선수의 복합 트레이닝이 사이클링 능력에 미치는 효과를 규명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 이를 위해 장거리 사이클 선수 8명을 대상으로 유산소능력 5분 테스트, 무산소능력 20초 테스트를 진행했으며, 파워 (watt), 페달회전수(rpm), 심박수(bpm)를 비교 검증하였다. 복합 트레이닝을 실시 후 유산소능력 5분 사이클링을 측 정 및 분석한 결과 파워(watt), 페달회전수(rpm), 심박수(bpm) 모두 유의한 향상을 보였다. 하지만, 무산소능력 20초 사이클링 능력에서는 파워(watt), 페달회전수(rpm)에서 유의한 향상을 보였으나, 심박수(bpm)에서는 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 본 연구를 통하여 복합 트레이닝 훈련이 장거리 선수들의 사이클링 능력 향상에 필요한 훈련프로그램 이라는 것은 확인하였다. 향후 평균파워, 최대파워, 거리 등의 측정 항목도 포함한 연구와 더불어 도로훈련과 트랙훈련 이 함께 병행되는 훈련프로그램 개발이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

This study was investigated for finding evidence of cycling skill shifting after complex training, among Long-Dist. Cyclist. To establish its effect on Power(watt), Cadence(rpm) and Heart rate(bpm), multiple comparison test which contains 5-mins aerobic test and 20-secs anaerobic test was performed with 8 Long-Dist. Cyclists. The complex training program with 5-mins aerobic cycling test found that it has significant improvement on Power(watt), Cadence(rpm) and Heart rate(bpm). With 20-secs anarobic cycling test, it showed significant improvement on Power(watt) and Cadence(rpm), but it didnʼt make any difference on Heart rate(bpm). This study showed that the application of the complex-training program was effective for the long-distance cyclists. Developing new program which combines both road and track training and measuring average power, maximum power and distance will improve the overall training program.

The purpose of this study was verifying the effect of periodical complex training program on the body composition and ergometer record of national canoe team by taking 13 members of national canoe athletes (men’s kayak MK 200M 3 players, 1000M 3 players, Canadian C 1000M 4 players and women’s kayak WK 500M 3 players) as test subjects. The periodical complex training program consists of weekly two times of aerobic exercise (Tuesday and Thursday), weekly three times of anaerobic exercise (Monday, Wednesday and Friday) and flexibility exercise (gym ball). In order to examine the effect of periodical complex training program, the body composition, erogometer record, number of stroke and average power were measured before and after the program. In order to examine the difference in average between before and after the periodical complex training program, t-test (paired t-test) was done. When an assumption on normal distribution was not met, the nonparametric method Wilcoxon signed rank test was done. According to the result of periodical complex training program, there were statistically significant differences in weight, LBM, BMC and BMI of male members of national canoe team; however, there was no significant difference in female members of national canoe team in all items. According to the result of measurement on total time, total number of stroke and average speed by canoe ergometer device, there was no statistically significant difference. Though there was no statistically significant difference in the result measured by canoe ergometer by game, it was possible to confirm positive change of improving record. In conclusion, we suggest that the 12-week periodical complex training program enforced on members of national canoe athletes will contribute in the improvement of athletic performance in actual game situation.

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of complex training program on body composition and physical fitness in national kabaddi players. 10 players participated as a subject and they all excuted complex training program consisted of weight training, plyometric training and interval training during 12 weeks. Body weight, body fat ratio, muscle mass were measured as subfactors of body composition and muscular strength, power, agility, muscular endurance, flexbility and balance were measured as subfactors of physical fitness. Collected data were statistically analyzed using independent t-test and the results were as follows. First, there were significant decrease in body weight(p= .000), body fat ratio(p= .002) and signficant increase in muscle mass(p= .000). Second, there were significant enhancement in muscular strength(p= 001), power(p= .000), agilty(p= .001), muscular endurance(p= .001), flexibility(p= .005) and balance(p= .002). In conclusion, it suggests that complex training program used in this study be an effective to enhance kabaddi performance.

This study was to understand the effect of complex cognitive reinforcement training program for seniors with dementia at long term care hospitals and nursing facilities on the cognitive function of seniors with dementia. For 8 weeks from Apr. to May, 2017, 30 men and women having no disqualification affecting this study were selected from ○○ hospital and C center located in Busan, and the purpose of this study was understood and the written consent was submitted by all participants. The trainings composed of the cognitive rehabilitation program of G hospital and the cognitive stimulation activity program of C center were provided twice a week in 8 weeks for 30 minutes in each training. MMSE-KC, GDS, and MoCA-K were used to measure the overall cognitive domain. To investigate the effect of trainings on cognitive status of seniors with dementia, an initial assessment prior to the training and interim and final assessment were performed. First, in the comparison of cognitive function by a training period, the cognitive rehabilitation training group showed the bigger improvement in the cognitive assessment score(MMSE-KC), compared to the cognitive stimulation training group. Second, in the comparison of cognitive function by a training period, the cognitive rehabilitation training group showed the bigger difference in the efficacy in the cognitive assessment score (GDS), compared to the cognitive stimulation training group. Third, in the comparison of cognitive function by a training period, the cognitive rehabilitation training group showed the bigger difference in the efficacy in the cognitive assessment score (MoCA-K), compared to the cognitive stimulation training group. Based on the comprehensive result of this study, there was no difference by participants depending on the training methods that are the cognitive rehabilitation training and the cognitive stimulation training, and both groups showed positive effects on their cognitive function after trainings. Therefore, it will be considered more effective in the future to carry out two programs at the same time, though a different program is currently applied in each institution depending on its environment. Accordingly, it is hoped to conduct a future study based on more segmented method.

PURPOSE: This study sought to identify the effects of a complex breathing training program on pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in patients with mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS: Twenty-one subjects from the PD center at D Hospital in the Busan metropolitan area of the Republic of Korea volunteered to participate in the study. The clinical and demographic parameters, including age, sex, symptom duration, and the modified Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) stage, were collected. The subjects had stage II or III PD, based on the modified H&Y staging. They were evaluated according to the movement disorder society sponsored version of the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (MDS-UPDRS) and given the following testing for pulmonary function: Forced vital capacity (FVC [L]), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁ [L]), FEV₁/FVC (%), peak expiratory flow (PEF [L]), expiratory reserve volume (ERV [L]), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP [cmH₂O]), and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP [cmH₂O]). Eleven participants (9 males and 2 females; mean age 69.6 yrs) were part of the complex breathing training for 12 weeks: breathing background education for 2 weeks, re-breathing training education for 4 weeks, and resistance inspiratory muscle training, which is a combination of a device (Powerbreathe® MEDIC IMT) exercise and a conventional thorax exercise, for 6 weeks. Ten participants (males) served as controls and did not participate in the training. SPSS 21.0 was used to analyze the collected data. RESULTS: The complex breathing training group showed significant improvement (p < .05) in PEF [L], MIP [cmH₂O], and MEP [cmH₂O] after 12 weeks, while the control group showed no significant differences (p < .05) in any parameter. There were no significant differences (p < .05) in all the items between the groups. CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that a complex breathing training program may improve cough capacity and respiratory muscle performance in patients with mild-to-moderate PD.

노년층의 삶의 질 개선과 높은 수준의 간병·요양서비스 및 니즈를 충족시킬 대안으로 향기치유기반 융·복합 사회 서비스 전문인력 양성 교육프로그램 개발을 적용하여 개선안을 마련하는 기초 사례가 되고자 한다. 광주광역시 거주자 중 교육생 30명을 대상으로 2021년 6월 14일부터 16일간 교육 전 선호도 조사 및 만족도 조사를 2021년 9월 23일부 터 7일간 설문지조사를 진행한 결과 교육 선호도 에서는 향기요법 교육이 42.11%로 가장 높게 조사되었고, 교육프로그 램의 적용 후 향기요법과 정의 필요성은 50%, 만족도는 48%로 가장 높게 조사되었다. 이에 본 연구는 고령 친화 산업 활성화 기초 자료로 활용되고 시니어 간병·요양서비스의 집적화 및 고부가가치 융·복합 사회서비스 관련 우수인력 확보에 기여하고자 한다.

As an alternative to improving the quality of life of the elderly and meeting the needs of high-level care, nursing services and needs, we aim to be the basis for formulating improvement proposals by applying the development of a fragrant healing-based fusion and complex social service professional training program. After conducting a questionnaire survey of 30 trainees in Guangzhou for 16 days from June 14, 2021 to September 23, 2021, and conducted a 7-day questionnaire survey, the education preference survey showed that in the educational preference, aromatherapy education was the highest surveyed at 42.11%, and the need for aromatherapy courses after the application of educational programs was the highest at 50%, and satisfaction was the highest at 48%. Accordingly, this study is used as a basis for the revitalization of the age-friendly industry and aims to contribute to the consolidation of senior care and nursing services and the securing of excellent personnel related to high-value-added fusion and complex social services.

복잡성과 시스템은 미래사회의 성격을 보여주는 대표적인 단어 중 하나다. 4차 산업혁명과 함께 소개된 최첨단의 인공지능 기술 발전과 전 세계를 혼란에 빠지게 한 COVID-19의 전파를 통해 우리는 복잡함 속에서 일관된 패턴, 구조, 속성 등을 발견하는 시스템적 문제접근의 중요성을 알게 되었다. 하지만 이를 교육하는 국내의 여건은 열악하며, 교사들의 소양 또한 부족하다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 이러한 문제의식에서 출발하여 물리전공 초임교사 30명을 대상으로 한 복잡계와 시스템 다이내믹스 연수 프로그램을 개발하고 적용해보고자 하였다. 또한 연수에 참여하면서 느낀 점을 긍정적인 의견과 부정적인 의견으로 분류하여 추후 연수 프로그램 개발과 구성에 대한 시사점을 얻고자 하였다. 개발된 프로그램은 15차시로 구성되어 있으며 이론, 실습, 토의의 과정이 결합된 하이브리드 연수이다. 실습에는 Netlogo와 Vensim을 활용하였으며 조별 활동을 통해 협동하여 참가하도록 하였다. 연구 결과 긍정적인 의견에는 복잡계와 시스템 다이내믹스에 대한 이해를 넓힐 수 있었고 이를 교육적으로 활용하고자 하는 의지가 반영된 의견이 다수를 차지하고 있었다. 반면 부정적인 의견에는 현실적인 학교 현장 적용의 어려움과 교육적인 효용성과 관련된 의견이 많았다. 과학 자기 효능감에 미치는 영향은 모든 하위영역에서 유의미한 상향이 있었다. 또한 경력 순으로 15명씩 2개 그룹으로 나누어 사전 과학 자기 효능감 점수를 공변인으로 하여 공변량분석을 수행한 결과 경력별로 유의미한 차이가 나타났다.

Complexity and systems represent the nature of future society. Important lessons have been learned applying a systems approach to problem solving with the latest advances in artificial intelligence technology introduced with the Fourth Industrial Revolution and coping with the spread of COVID-19 which has lead to the discovery of consistent patterns, structures, and attributes in complexity. However, the current domestic conditions are unsuitable for teaching this approach, and teachers are not adequately prepared. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and apply a training program on complex systems and system dynamics for 30 newly appointed physics teachers to raise their awareness to this problem. Furthermore, this study tried to identify possible implications for the development and organization of future training programs by dividing the opinions of program participants into positive and negative opinions. The developed training program consists of 15 sessions and is a hybrid training program that combines theory, practice, and discussion. Netlogo and Vensim were used for practical training, and participants were encouraged to participate cooperatively through group activities. The study findings revealed that a majority of positive feedback centered around the program’s capacity to enhance understanding of complex systems and system dynamics, coupled with an expressed desire to incorporate it into educational practice. Conversely, negative feedback predominantly highlighted challenges associated with practical implementation in school settings and concerns regarding the program’s educational efficacy. Moreover, there was a significant overall increase in science self-efficacy across all sub-domains. When divided into two groups of 15 based on experience levels, a covariate analysis using the pre-science self-efficacy score as a covariate variable indicated significant differences by experience level.