Earticle

Purpose Trauma has significant impacts on the livelihoods and well-being of patients. Prompt emergency, medical, and nursing care is the key to reducing mortality rates. Digital platforms have become important for patient care. This research aimed to evaluate patient outcomes after implementing a novel web application operating system in trauma care. Methods A descriptive comparative study was conducted on trauma patients. The patients were divided into two groups: those who used the developed application (n = 70) and those who did not (n = 70). The patients’ characteristics, the time of the trauma team's arrival at the emergency department (ED) and the length of stay in the ED, and patients' outcomes were collected from electronic medical records and the application database. A statistical analysis was performed to evaluate this data. Sixty registered nurses who used the application completed the survey on the feasibility of the application. Results The activated trauma intervals for the non-application-used group and the application-used group were 5.0 ± 1.1 and 3.1 ± 0.4 minutes, respectively (p = .010). The length of stay in the ED for the non-application-used group and the application-used group were 30.1 ± 5.1 and 18.3 ± 6.2 minutes, respectively. A high level of agreement confirms the feasibility of the application. Conclusions This application improves patient outcomes in terms of length of stay. This mobile application can improve the cooperation and communication and efficacy of the trauma care team.

An innovative multi-story Semi-Active Tuned Mass Damper (SATMD) building system is proposed to control seismic response of existing structures. The application of adding new stories as large tuned mass and semi-active (SA) resettable actuators as central features of the control scheme is derived. For the effective control of the structures, the optimal tuning parameters are considered for the large mass ratio, for which a previously proposed equation is used and the practical optimal stiffness is allocated to the actuator stiffness and rubber bearing stiffness. A two-degree-of freedom (2-DOF) model is adopted to verify the principal efficiency of the suggested structural control concept. The simulations for this study utilizes the three ground motions, from SAC project, having probability of exceedance of 50% in 50 years, 10% in 50 years, and 2% in 50 years for the Los Angeles region. 12-story moment resisting frames, which are modified as '12+2' and '12+4' story structures, are investigated to assess the viability and effectiveness of the system that aims to reduce the response of the buildings to earthquakes. The control ability of the SATMD scheme is compared to that of an uncontrolled and an ideal Passive Tuned Mass Damper (PTMD) building system. From the performance results of suggested '12+2' and '12+4' story retrofitting case studies, SATMD systems shows significant promise for application of structural control where extra stories might be added.

Cities in Indonesia include diverse scattered industrial centers comprising industries that can sustain the existing economic pace. For industrial data collection, the city government still relies on census that consumes extensive time and money. The public are unfamiliar with industries owing to their lack of industry information; therefore, the market share is not optimal. In addition, the opportunity to procure investors for business development is limited. A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer system that can record, store, write, analyze, and display geographical data. Using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method, GIS was developed on a website platform to provide information on industry profiles, types of production, investment values, industry maps, and industrial locations in each village and sub-district to a wider community. The RAD method was chosen compared to the waterfall method because it could accelerate website development process.

Purpose: The peer review process is essential for maintaining the quality of scientific publications. However, identifying reviewers who possess the necessary expertise can be challenging. In Open Journal Systems (OJS), which is commonly utilized by journals, the most effective method of inviting reviewers is when they are already registered in the system. This study seeks to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the reviewer selection process to ensure high-quality peer reviews. Methods: We introduced a process innovation to analyze users within OJS and obtain recommendations for potential reviewers possessing the relevant expertise for the manuscript under review. This study collected user data from OJS as potential reviewers and utilized information from the Scopus search application programming interface (API). We extracted authors’ data from the Scopus API to obtain their Scopus IDs, which were then used to scrape publication data of potential reviewers. The system matched the previous works of reviewers with the title and abstract of the manuscript using term frequency-inverse document frequency and cosine similarity algorithms. Results: The system was evaluated by comparing its recommendations with the assessments made by the editorial team. This evaluation yielded precision, mean average precision, and mean reciprocal rank values of 0.47, 0.77, and 0.87, respectively. Conclusion: The results clearly demonstrate the system’s ability to provide relevant reviewer recommendations. This system offers significant benefits by assisting editors in identifying suitable reviewer candidates from the existing user database in OJS, particularly for the evaluation of manuscripts.

Forests in Korea’s island regions cover more than 60% of inhabited islands and over 90% of uninhabited islands, serving critical ecological and socio-cultural functions. However, the current nationwide forest function evaluation system does not adequately reflect the unique environmental characteristics of these island areas. This study aims to improve the classification and evaluation framework for forest functions by integrating spatial data with indicators tailored to island-specific conditions. Using the island areas of Jeollanam-do Province as a case study, the analysis was conducted on more than 2,300 watershed units. Revised evaluation criteria were applied to assess six major forest functions: timber production, water conservation, disaster prevention, living environment preservation, forest recreation, and environmental conservation. The accuracy of forest function classification was enhanced by incorporating data on legally designated protection zones, tourism and cultural heritage sites, and updated land cover information. The results reveal that while the conventional system disproportionately emphasized disaster prevention-assigning this function to approximately 93% of the watersheds-the improved model identified environmental conservation as the dominant function, with increased representation of recreational and community-related roles. Stakeholder consultations and field survey confirmed the practicality and applicability of the revised system, suggesting its potential for supporting sustainable forest use and ecosystem service planning in both inhabited and uninhabited island contexts.

This paper proposes the bus-tie application scheme of 154 kV SFCL (superconducting fault current limiter) in Korean power system. The reduced amount of fault current by SFCL is different by where the SFCL is installed. Therefore the inflow ratio of fault current (IRFC) is suggested to consider the effect of an SFCL’s location. The proposed scheme was applied to the Korean Power System of 2010, and fault currents were calculated and analyzed with this coefficient. Simulations show that the location with high IRFC is adequate to install SFCL but more consideration of other things is required to determine the location and capacity of SFCL.

The Agricultural Systems Application Platform (ASAP) provides bottom-up modelling and simulation environment for agricultural engineer. The purpose of this study is to expand usability of the ASAP to the second order partial differential equations: elliptic equations, parabolic equations, and hyperbolic equations. The ASAP is a general-purpose simulation tool which express natural phenomenon with capsulized independent components to simplify implementation and maintenance. To use the ASAP in continuous problems, it is necessary to solve partial differential equations. This study shows usage of the ASAP in elliptic problem, parabolic problem, and hyperbolic problem, and solves of static heat problem, heat transfer problem, and wave problem as examples. The example problems are solved with the ASAP and Finite Difference method (FDM) for verification. The ASAP shows identical results to FDM. These applications are useful to simulate the engineering problem including equilibrium, diffusion and wave problem.

벼 담수 관개 조직에 대한 효율 계산에 있어서 입력은 관개수량과 총 강우량이고 출력은 증발수 및 급유유실의 합이 된다. 그러나 최근에는 입력을 관개수량으로 출력은 증발수 및 급유유실로 부터 유교 우량을 뺀 값으로 정의하고 있다. 비록 후자의 방법이 전자보다는 실제 논 조건에 부합된 계산방법이기는 하지만 아직도 허용침수심 유지에 필요한 관개수량, 각종 생육기에서의 침수심의 변화, 분배방법에 따른 침수심의 차이 등이 고려되지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 벼 관개효율 계산의 단순화가 포장관개효율의 정도와 적정도의 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 검사하고 그러한 효과의 크기와 성질을 다음과 같이 2단계로 조사하였다. 첫째, 논에서의 일별물수지조건을 기본으로 하여 관개효율 계산모형이 개발되었으며 이전 효율계산에서 생략된 모든 요인이 고려되었다. 둘째, 개발된 모형을 이용하여 포장관개효율을 계산하고 그 결과를 재래방법으로 계산된 값들과 비교하였다. 본 연구는 아직까지 불충분한 것으로 간주되어 왔던 논 관개조직의 포장관개효율에 대한 몇 가지 흥미 있는 의제를 밝힌 것으로 기본 자료는 1985년 반월관개지구에서 수집된 것을 이용하였다. 1. 계산모형은 포괄적인 것으로 어떤 지방의 수집자료라도 적용할 수 있다. 모형의 계산결과를 볼 때 관개효율과 소비수량 사이에 접근된 경향을 보여줌으로써 모형개발에 잘 충족시켜주고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 2. 모형에서의 계산시간간극은 제한적이지는 않지만 중요하며, 비교분석이 관련된 경우에는 주의하여 문제를 선택해야 한다. 계산결과를 보면 짧은 시간간격이 관개효율이 아주 크거나 작은 기간을 더 잘 반영하는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 논의 포장관개효율을 계산함에 있어서 각 관개기의 초기 침수량과 허용 침수심을 무시한 효율계산은 큰 오차를 나타냈다. 반월관개지구에서 주간 포장관개효율은 -58%~16%로 오차범위가 관측되었다. 4. 논의 침수량 및 허용 침수량을 고려한 것과 고려하지 않은 것 사이의 상이성이나 유의적인 관계는 없었다. 그러나 연구 결과에 의하면 전자의 방법이 효율 측정에 있어서 더 적합한 것으로 판단되었다. 5. 개발된 모형은 논 관개의 물리적 측면과 관리목표 모두를 고려한 것으로 계산된 효율은 벼, 생육 각 단계에서의 효율 비교에 양호한 방법임을 알 수 있다.

Climate change is leading to an increase in agricultural droughts, with small-scale upland farming areas particularly vulnerable due to their lack of distinct water sources. These scattered mid-mountain regions are especially susceptible to agricultural droughts because they do not have well-defind sources for water extraction. This study aims to identify small-scale upland farming areas in Korea that are vulnerable to agricultural drought and in need of alternative agricultural water sources. To achieve this, evaluation criteria and indicators for irrigation-vulnerable agricultural areas were established, and these areas were extracted and quantitatively presented in terms of area and number of locations. The extracted irrigation-vulnerable agricultural areas cover an area of 10,330.7 ha and consist of a total of 2,635 village-scale farming locations, with the highest concentration of these areas in Gyeonggi-do. Based on this, an altitudinal analysis was conducted, and it was found that areas in Gangwon-do showed a lower rate of area reduction per 100 m elevation interval, while areas in Gyeonggi-do exhibited a higher rate of area reduction. This indicates that the target areas in Gangwon-do are located at relatively higher altitudes, while those in Gyeonggi-do are situated at lower altitudes. The results of this study are expected to serve as foundational data for selecting priority sites for the on-site application of alternative agricultural water systems in the future. Future studies may additionally be conduted to assess the effectiveness and economic viability of applying alternative agricultural water systems to irrigation-vulnerable agricultural areas.

정부산하공공기관은 경영 자주성, 업무 전문성을 고려하여 기록물을 자체적으로 보존 관리할 것을 원칙으로 하고 있다. 정부산하공공기관을 위한 범용 기록관리시스템이 없는 상황에서 "정부산하공공기관 등 기록관리시스템 기능요건(NAK/S 24:2014(v1.0))" 표준의 제정은 각 기관이 자체적으로 기록관리시스템을 구축할때 공통적으로 고려해야 될 기능요건과 시스템 방향성을 일치시킨다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 본 연구에서는 표준에서 제안하는 기능요건을 분석하고, 기록관리시스템 구축 사례를 중심으로 표준의 기능요건을 적용하기 위한 절차와 방안을 제시하였다.

The government-affiliated organizations are required the autonomous record preservation and management, considering their management independence and specialty. In absence of general record management system for government-affiliated organizations, establishment of the standard; Functional requirements of systems with record management for government-affiliated organizations, etc. NAK/S 24:2014(v1.0) is meaningful because it can consensus the functional requirements and directions which are considered when organizations develop in-house record management systems. This study aims to analyze functional requirements and suggest procedures and strategies for application of the standard in the case of development of the record management system.

입 모양 인식은 음성 인식의 중요 부분 중 하나로 음성 인식을 위한 입 모양 인식 시스템에서 입 모양 인식 성능을 개선하기 위한 여러 연구가 진행됐다. 최근의 연구에서는 인식 성능을 개선하기 위해 입 모양 인식 시스템의 모델 구조를 수정하는 방법이 사용됐다. 본 연구에서는 모델 구조를 수정하는 것으로 인식 성능을 개선하는 기존의 연구와 달리 모델 구조의 변화 없이 인식 성능을 개선하는 것을 목표로 한다. 모델 구조의 수정 없이 인식 성능을 개선하기 위해, 사람이 하는 입 모양 인식에서 사용되는 단서를 참고해 입 모양 인식 시스템의 기존 관심 영역인 입술 영역과 함께 턱, 뺨과 같은 다른 영역을 관심 영역으로 설정하고 각 관심 영역의 인식률을 비교해 가장 높은 성능의 관심 영역을 제안한다. 또한, 관심 영역 크기를 정규화하는 과정에서 보간법의 차이로 인해 발생하는 정규화 결과의 차이가 인식 성능에 영향을 준다고 가정하고 최근접 이웃 보간법, 이중 선형 보간법, 이중 삼차 보간법을 사용해 동일한 관심 영역을 보간하고 각 보간법에 따른 입 모양 인식률을 비교해 가장 높은 성능의 보간법을 제안한다. 각 관심 영역은 객체 탐지 인공신경망을 학습시켜 검출하고, 각 관심 영역을 정규화하고 특징을 추출하고 결합한 뒤, 결합된 특징들을 차원 축소한 결과를 저차원 공간으로 매핑하는 것으로 동적 정합 템플릿을 생성했다. 생성된 동적 정합 템플릿들과 저차원 공간으로 매핑된 데이터의 거리를 비교하는 것으로 인식률을 평가했다. 실험 결과 관심 영역의 비교에서는 입술 영역만을 포함하는 관심 영역의 결과가 이전 연구의 93.92%의 평균 인식률보다 3.44% 높은 97.36%의 평균 인식률을 보였으며, 보간법의 비교에서는 이중 선형 보간법이 97.36%로 최근접 이웃 보간법에 비해 14.65%, 이중 삼차 보간법에 비해 5.55% 높은 성능을 나타내었다. 본 연구에 사용된 코드는 https://github.com/haraisi2/Lipreading-Systems에서 확인할 수 있다.

Lipreading is one of the important parts of speech recognition, and several studies have been conducted to improve the performance of lipreading in lipreading systems for speech recognition. Recent studies have used method to modify the model architecture of lipreading system to improve recognition performance. Unlike previous research that improve recognition performance by modifying model architecture, we aim to improve recognition performance without any change in model architecture. In order to improve the recognition performance without modifying the model architecture, we refer to the cues used in human lipreading and set other regions such as chin and cheeks as regions of interest along with the lip region, which is the existing region of interest of lipreading systems, and compare the recognition rate of each region of interest to propose the highest performing region of interest In addition, assuming that the difference in normalization results caused by the difference in interpolation method during the process of normalizing the size of the region of interest affects the recognition performance, we interpolate the same region of interest using nearest neighbor interpolation, bilinear interpolation, and bicubic interpolation, and compare the recognition rate of each interpolation method to propose the best performing interpolation method. Each region of interest was detected by training an object detection neural network, and dynamic time warping templates were generated by normalizing each region of interest, extracting and combining features, and mapping the dimensionality reduction of the combined features into a low-dimensional space. The recognition rate was evaluated by comparing the distance between the generated dynamic time warping templates and the data mapped to the low-dimensional space. In the comparison of regions of interest, the result of the region of interest containing only the lip region showed an average recognition rate of 97.36%, which is 3.44% higher than the average recognition rate of 93.92% in the previous study, and in the comparison of interpolation methods, the bilinear interpolation method performed 97.36%, which is 14.65% higher than the nearest neighbor interpolation method and 5.55% higher than the bicubic interpolation method. The code used in this study can be found a https://github.com/haraisi2/Lipreading-Systems.

Purpose 또는 Objectives: This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the job satisfaction of workers with developmental disabilities by applying Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory. Method: Utilizing data from the 2024 "Survey on Work and Life of People with Developmental Disabilities," this study analyzed responses from 846 guardians to verify the effects of factors across the micro, meso and exosystems. Results: The analysis revealed that factors within the microsystem and exosystem have a significant positive impact on job satisfaction. Conclusion 또는 Implications: This study confirms that job satisfaction is a product of multi-layered environmental interactions rather than isolated individual factors. The findings suggest a shift toward multi-dimensional support strategies prioritizing relational experiences, systematic school-to-work transitions, and community-integrated policies aimed at enhancing overall quality of life.