Earticle

In this work, we have presented a hierarchical scheme for classifying music data. Instead of dealing with large variety of features, proposed scheme relies on MFCC and its variants which are introduced at the different stages to satisfy the need. At the top level music is classified as song (music with voice) and instrumental (music without voice) based on MFCC. Subsequently, instrumental signals and songs are classified based on instrument type and genres respectively. Hierarchical approach has been followed for such detailed categorization. Using two-stage process, instrumental signals are identified as one of the four types namely, string, woodwind, percussion or keyboard. Wavelet and MFCC based features are used for this purpose. For song classification, at first level signals are categorized as classical or non-classical(popular) ones by capturing the MFCC pattern present in the high sub-band of wavelet decomposed signal. At second level, we consider the task of further classification of popular songs into various genres like Pop, Jazz, Bhangra (an Indian genre) based on amplitude variation pattern. RANSAC has been utilized as the classifier at all stages. Experimental result indicates the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.

Multimedia security is extremely significant concern for the internet technology because of the ease of the duplication, distribution and manipulation of the multimedia data. The digital watermarking is a field of information hiding which hide the crucial information in the original data for protection illegal duplication and distribution of multimedia data. This paper presents a survey on the existing digital image watermarking techniques. The results of various digital image watermarking techniques have been compared on the basis of outputs. In the digital watermarking the secret information are implanted into the original data for protecting the ownership rights of the multimedia data. The image watermarking techniques may divide on the basis of domain like spatial domain or transform domain or on the basis of wavelets. The spatial domain techniques directly work on the pixels and the frequency domain works on the transform coefficients of the image. This survey elaborates the most important methods of spatial domain and transform domain and focuses the merits and demerits of these techniques.

As one of the most important video compression technologies, inter prediction coding is highly efficient in reducing the temporal redundancy of video sequence. However, complicated inter prediction for the latest High Efficiency Video Coding standard (HEVC) brings high computational complexity and seriously restricts the encoding speed. In this paper, a fast inter prediction algorithm based on Rate-Distortion (RD) cost is proposed to improve inter prediction of HEVC. First, the splitting of Largest Coding Unit (LCU) is determined according to the RD costs with best Coding Unit (CU) size being 64x64 in the reference picture. Then, for other CUs in lower depths, the comparable RD costs are selected from encoded CUs in the same depth at the same Coding Tree Unit (CTU) based on the local homogeneity in spatial domain. By comparing the RD cost of current CU with its corresponding RD threshold, the splitting is terminated in advance. In this way, the proposed fast inter prediction algorithm can avoid the traversal of all CUs in the coding tree structure and improve the encoding speed. Experimental results show that the algorithm can save about 30% encoding time on the basis of ensuring visual quality and compression ratio of videos. Therefore, the computational complexity can be reduced greatly.

Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) displays have matured into current smartphones. How to prolong the lifetime of displays while preserving the display quality becomes a primary issue. In this paper, we propose a low image distortion constrained power-saving approach for OLED displays based on gamma correction and saturation scaling. We first investigate the impact of gamma correction and saturation scaling on the power of emissive displays. The results show that changing the gamma and saturation value can obtain lower display power consumption when original image color maps to another one. Thus, we integrate the gamma correction and the saturation scaling into a new low-power approach for OLED displays. However, low gamma and high saturation lead to distortion on displaying. To guarantee user experience in this paper, the CIEDE2000 color difference formula and the Mean Structural Similarity Index (MSSIM) are used to evaluate the effectiveness of our approach. The results show that our approach saves up significant display power with high image quality.

Today Global Positioning System (GPS) is the most important system of positioning in the world and is used in different industries. Carrier phase has a substantial accuracy, but its main problem is that it is an indirect measurement which only computes the displacement. In order to realize precision positioning, this paper proposes an improved satellite positioning algorithm based on carrier phase difference and Kalman filter. The second-difference positioning mathematical model aiming at satellite navigation signal carrier phase on a single fiducial station is established. For the integer ambiguity influence of carrier phase, it presents the mathematical model to eliminate. The Kalman filter is constructed, so that it is more improvement of system stability. Then, it realizes positioning by computer simulation, and the results show that the accuracy of the algorithm is higher.

Image registration is a vital problem in medical imaging. It has many potential applications in clinical diagnosis (Diagnosis of cardiac, retinal, pelvic, renal, abdomen, liver, tissue etc disorders). It is a process of aligning two images into a common coordinate system thus aligning them in order to monitor subtle changes between the two. Registration algorithms compute transformations to set correspondence between the two images the purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the existing literature available on Image registration methods. We believe that it will be a useful document for researchers longing to implement alternative Image registration methods for specific applications.

Vector magnitude calculation is significant in the QR-algorithm by Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC), which is increasingly used in adaptive applications. However, its hardware implementation is extremely difficult. In this paper, a fixed point CORDIC system is constructed to compute the magnitude of a vector by using Model-Based Design. The simulation results show that the proposed method of CORDIC vector magnitude calculator is not only simple in structure and easy to implement, and can improve the speed of operation with good scalability.

Gestures are the new silent language for controlling the human-made machines such as robotics, many recent researches toward enhancing this relation and obtaining good recognition rate were commenced, in this paper; we are trying to evaluate the performance of using multi block size for hand gesture and project this study in two cases which are the presence of edge detection operation in the preprocessing steps and the its absence. The recognition time we have achieved in case of the presence of edge detection method is 1.698 seconds and less than a second in case of none. Our suggested method includes the partitioning of the input gesture into different blocks and by using the block brightness measurement to strike the right gesture. Each gesture has been represented by a feature vector with many features controlled by the block size which in turn decides the speed and accuracy rate of the recognition. We also have modified the edge detection method in order to enhance the edges to obtain more refined and clear edges by applying a filling operation after segmentation and before edge operation. Our study also includes the application of different block sizes for generalization of the study and also can decide which block size can get good recognition rates.

Complementary filters coupled with MEMS IMU are preferred in applications where computational simplicity, low power and low cost is of prime importance. Such algorithms are equipped with fixed filter’s gain, however improvements can be realized by changing the filter’s gain as per the dynamic situation experienced by the platform. This paper is intended to evaluate the performance of conventional fixed gain complementary algorithm against adoptive gain complementary filter for attitude estimation using MEMS IMU as a test subject. As only IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) has been exploited without using any aided sensory system, so the mandate is limited to evaluate performance of these algorithms on the basis of Euler angles roll and pitch estimation. Significant performance improvement is observed by varying filter gain in accordance with dynamic situation experienced by the system.