Earticle

As one of the most salient features of human face, eyes play an important role in interpreting and understanding a person’s desires, needs, and emotional states. In this paper, a robust real-time “coarse to fine” method based on combining the appearance-based method and SVM approach was proposed for eye detection firstly, which combining the respective strengths of different complimentary techniques and overcoming their shortcomings. And then, a complementary tracker was designed for tracking eyes, which the eye model is continuously updated by having the eye successfully detected from the last Kalman tracker, to avoid error propagation with the CamShift tracker. Experimental results show that these enhancements have led to a significant improvement in eye tracking robustness and accuracy over existing eye trackers, especially under various conditions identified.

Computer viruses and other forms of malware have viewed as a threat to any software system. They have the capability to deliver a malicious infection. A common technique that virus writers use to avoid detection is to enable the virus to change itself by having some kind of self-modifying code. This kind of virus is commonly known as a metamorphic virus, and can be particularly difficult to detect. Metamorphic viruses have a potential to avoid any signature-based detection schemes by implementing code obfuscation techniques in an effort to defeat it. In metamorphic virus, if dead code is added and the control flow is changed sufficiently by inserting jump statements, the virus cannot be detected. In this paper we first developed a code obfuscation engine. We then used this engine to create metamorphic variants of a seed virus and performed the validity of the statement about metamorphic viruses and signature based detectors. Last but not least, we have propose a profile which enclose the information about the existing metamorphic viruses infection.

The HTML document is a main kind of public resources in the Internet, while the research in the steganography and steganalysis of them are in the infancy. In this paper, we propose a novel steganography in HTML documents. Different from natural language text, HTML documents have plentiful script codes which can be utilized for covert transmission more easily than the common text. The syntax structures of programming languages are strict and precise, so to generate scripts that are different in text but strictly equivalent in lexeme is possible. In the steganography, based on the substitution of variables and function naming, covert bits are successfully embedded with no script errors. Because of the transparency and flexibility of script codes, the well-disguised stego-HTML document has a legitimate appearance that is imperceptible. In the experiment, the embedding efficiency of the technique is considerable, proving that the steganography is feasible and promising.

In this paper, we propose a probable solution to implement a security system using an iris recognition technique. The implemented system acquires images with an infrared camera. It extracts a 2D code through scale-space filtering and concavity. Experiments are then performed using a set of 272 iris images taken from 18 persons. The results show that the iris feature patterns obtained can be clearly discriminated from person to person.

Wireless sensor networks are self-organized and data-centric, which have been well applied in many practical areas. But in these applications, data integrity from sensors has not been verified. Thereby in this paper, we have proposed a novel data integrity protection strategy based on digital watermarking technologies, mwhere source sensors use a one-way hash function for collected data to create watermark information, and then make it associated with the data by embedding it into the redundant space of the targeted bytes. At the base station side, a watermarking algorithm is designed to extract the watermarking information, which is compared to recalculated watermarking information to verify the integrity of the data during the transmission. Compare to other watermarking methods, our algorithm does not increase extra data storage space and remain data accuracy. According to the results of extensive experiments, our algorithm can effectively protect the integrity of the data and has more application values.

This paper introduces a scheme of constructing a three-dimensional container handling and distributing system between crane yard and storage yard for the efficient, smart, energy-saving automated container terminal (ACT). This scheme can effectively solve the problem that the AGVs in existing ACT should give way to each other in ground planer transportation mode, and has advantages of lower investment cost higher handling efficiency. The safety and running stationarity of the container vehicle-truss bridge structure greatly affects the ACT’s efficiency and lifespan. The assessment criteria for structural security and running stationarity was put forward first. By utilizing free-interface component mode synthesis (CMS) method, the coupled vibration time-domain responses, inspired by self-excitation including track irregularity and hunting movement as well as wind and seismic load, were obtained. Accordingly, the structural and running stationarity were assessed by indicators such as deflection-span ratio, vibration acceleration, wheel-rail relative displacement, suggesting a speed threshold of container vehicle under seismic and operational wind loads. The simulation and model test results also validate lead rubber bearing (LRB)’s effects on vibration isolation and absorption, thus can increase ground motion intensity and vehicle speed thresholds to structural safety.

As the USIM technologies are evolving to include high speed CPU, mass storage devices, and high speed serial interfaces, various services are to be available through those technologies. The high capacity USIM card is a combination of IC card and high capacity flash memory. Because the flash memory does not provide security, additional protection technologies need to be incorporated for privacy issues and data protection. In this paper, we defined the security models for each service that can be provided from high capacity USIM card and proposed eligible architectures and security schemes for internal storage of the smartcard. Consequently, the results of this study are expected to be widely applied to development of high capacity USIM and the related commercial services as a foundation technology or references.

Generating random numbers with high entropy plays an important role in cryptography. The security of a modern cryptosystem can be proved under the assumption that the system uses a reliable random number generator in general. However, it is difficult to implement a module with sufficiently qualified entropy sources in its random number generators. With trends to move to lightweight devices from desktop PCs, cryptographic modules have suffered from the lack of good sources of randomness. As another trend, parallel computing techniques have become popular very rapidly to achieve better performance. In this paper, we suggest a method for generating entropy source using parallel computations with OpenMP. Also, we verify the experimental results based on the min-entropy estimation and conclude that a new source of randomness can be obtained from the race conditions in multicore environments.

This paper presents the high-capacity blind text watermarking algorithm that is robust to print and scan operations and this method based on the odd-even quantization. First, segment the binary images of Chinese text characters. And the text image is segmented into the embedded part, adjust part, and dislodge part. After segmentation, the quantization function is built on the basis of invariables during printing-scanning. Construct odd-even quantization make sure the number of watermarking embedded. The watermark is embedded through the strategy of flipping pixels at the boundaries of characters. This method exploits human visual masking characteristics to reduce the degree of the text image distortion. Experimental results indicate the watermarking embedded method base on odd-even is robust to common attacks and has good visual effect. The extract of watermarking realized blind detection.