Earticle

Tobacco Smoke is one of aerosols that disperses a minute particle ranges from 0.01um~3um and a complex mixture of over 4,000 chemicals include more than 40 kinds a carcinogenic substance generated during the burning and smoking of tobacco products. Our nation announced enforcement of public health promotion ordinance that means no one can smoke in public building. In accordance with this, It will prospect that working environment and living environment have improved, but look at smokers side of it, there are no space to smoke. The objective of this publication is to measure a degree of contamination and actual ventilation condition of smoking rooms at Seoul Highway Bus terminal, Seocho district office and Kimpo airport, and with this, to present a relevant database to prevents second- hand smoke and not to violates human rights that is to build a agreeable smoking room. The result of test is followed. The concentration of smoking room's dust, CO, CO2, aldehydes, nicotine, Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs) is more than outdoor's concentration, sequently 1.58~3.32, 0.85~2.27, 1.23~2.00, 1.06~1.32, 9.25~13.61, 1.43~7.33 times

Welding and flame cutting of epoxy coated steel at the shipyard give rise to fumes and gases. These fumes contain degraded products of epoxy resin paint such as bisphenol A. In this study, the bisphenol A concentration in worker's urines and fumes in the breathing zone during welding and flame cutting of coated steel was evaluated at the shipyard. High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with ultra-violet detector(UVD) was used for the assay of bisphenol A in urine and fume. Conugated Bisphenol A in acidic urine was hydrolyzed by the microwave-digest. The fume sampling was done using a glass fiber filter for bisphenol A during welding and flame cutting. Acetone was suitable for the extraction of Bisphenol A on the glass fiber filter(105%). The limit of detection of Bisphenol A was 1.0ug/ml by the HPLC/UVD. The averages and standard deviations of Bisphenol A concentrations in welding fumes, worker's urine and control group's urine were 64.46 ± 60.24ug/m3(n=16), 95.83±166.59ug/g creatinine(n=98) and 23.93±4.08ug/g creatinine(n=18), respectively. The bisphenol A concentration of the worker's urine was 4 times higher than the control group. The concentration of the bisphenol A in worker's urine on Monday was 3.3 times lower than Friday's concentration

Thiourea is used in photography, pharmaceutical and pesticide manufacture and in textile chemicals. It is recorded on High Product Volume list of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development presently. But thiourea is a carcinogen and mutagen and this chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List(U. S. Environmental Protection Agency). It has been shown to cause thyroid, liver and other cancers in animals. Exposure can damage the bone marrow causing reduced red blood cell, white cells and reduced platelets. Repeated exposure can cause goiter and causes reduced thyroid hormone. High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Ultra Violet Detector method of thiourea on Occupational Safety and Health Administration has a complex process and bad repetition. so superior method is needed. The aim of this study is making the method. thiourea and 1 ,1,3,3-tetraethoxypropane make 2-mercaptopyrimidine in mixed solvent(c. HCI : ethanol : H20 = 1:1:8 (v/v)). then, 2-mercaptopyrimidine is detected on Gas Chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector but thiourea is not. 2-mercaptopyrimidine's Low Detection Limit is about 100ppm(mg/l).

According to the definition provided by the Constitution of the World Health Organization(1948), "Health" is defined as "A state of complete physical, social and mental wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" In this sense, health is seen as a resources as well as physical capabilities. This definition is broader than the way in which 'health' or 'human health' is interpreted by organizations and decision-makers in most sectors but its fits well within the full meaning of the sustainable development concept. It recognizes that a wide range of economic, political, social, psychological, and environmental factors affect people's health. These factors are interrelated and can affect groups of people within a population in different ways. People's health and wellbeing is recognized as the ultimate aim of social and economic development but the converse is also true, human health and wellbeing is fundamental to sustainable economic growth. Health lmpact Assessment(HIA) is a combination of procedures, methods and tools by which a policy, programme, projects or legislative procedure may be judged for its potential effects on the health of a population, and the distribution of these effects within it. The principle of health protection is, however, established as a primary concern in EIA processes, in practice health is scarcely mentioned or the discussion is limited to a description of effects through the biophysical environment. The whole range of possible effects on health, including those mediated by socio-economic factors is often ignored, and no effective mechanism are in place to successfully incorporating health criteria and expertise into environmental assessment. These are critical among the current issues facing EIA in Korea!

유류오염은 토양ㆍ지하수의 위해성이 널리 알려져 있다. 그러나 유류는 그 종류가 다양하고 지중에 스며들면 그 성분들이 휘발, 흡착, 용해, 생분해 그리고 지하수 유동에 따른 확산 등 다양한 기작에 의해 거동하게 한다. 또한 토양오염을 통한 토양생물의 변화로 인체에 많은 유해함을 가지게 되므로 오염된 토양의 복원의 필요성을 가지고 있다. 토양오염의 경우 그것을 복원하는데 많은 방법이 있으므로 오염성분의 종류와 농도, 지층을 구성하고 있는 입지의 특성을 면밀히 파악하고 관계법령을 숙지한 후 복원할 수 있도록 하는 기초 자료를 필요로 한다. 본문에서는 오염사례와 복원방법, 인체에 미치는 영향을 인용 서술하였다.

실제 화장품은 일상생활에서 매일 또는 장기간 걸쳐 사용되기 때문에 모든 조건을 고려하여 사용상 안전해야 하며 부작용을 유발시켜서는 안된다. 제품에 대한 안전성ㆍ유효성ㆍ품질확보가 필요한 제품이며 화장품의 부작용을 일으키는 요인과 물질을 조사하고 화장품을 최대한 적합하게 사용하는 방법과 여러 가지 피부문제를 방지하는데 필요한 기본 자료를 얻는데 목적이 있다. 시판 전(pre market) 관리보다 시판 후(in market) 관리에 중점을 둔 제도ㆍ규정을 마련함으로써 화장품 부작용을 줄일 수 있고 관리 할 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) can provide useful measures and methods for integrating environmental considerations with spatial and sectoral policies, plans and programmes. A recent Korean example is the national environmental policy debate in the Korean National Assembly, in which the Minister of Environment proposed SEA as an approach to environmental protection and enhancement by asserting those concerns in formulating policies and devising alternatives for their implementation. This approach would offer significant improvements in the present environmental impact assessment (EIA) system. Although EIA in Korea has been improved markedly over the past two decades, by enlarging the range of projects for assessment, instituting public participation and environmental monitoring, and similar measures, it remains deficient in its coverage of programmes and plans at the policy level across major sectors such as energy and land use. SEA can supply the necessary correctives.! In this process both institutional and methodological obstacles can be anticipated. Institutionally, ministerial resistance may arise from concerns about possible delays in policy reviews and increased programme costs. Methodologically, SEA effectiveness is limited by problems of professional judgment and public understanding. Its application in areas such as green belt planning, new town development, environmental carrying capacity, and pollution abatement requires further improvements in assessment tools. These are foremost among the current issues facing SEA in Korea. In response, the Ministry of Environment is preparing a task force to conduct a two-year research and development programme, followed by trial applications in selected policy arenas.

This experment was performed to enhance the yield of cephalosporin C with high concentration. At pH 5.5, the yield was best and especially, it was by over 30% better with added AN910SH and a centrifugal separator. With 5.5% methanol as an elution solvent, it was more effective in both yield and economic.