Earticle

In this paper, 1 suggested the new procedure of sentence generation. The examination about the human language process is very difficult because it operate unconsciously and very momentary processing. But we think about that the process is not single line operating nor one way. It is a parallel and circulation. Accordingly, it is not output from any one seed of sentence as Deep Structure. And the core of grammatical relation is not the system of command from 'head'. It is relational and variables of grammatical unit.

In this paper, we studied the characteristic and effect of a narrative sty1e based on a point of view of novel, and ana1yzed the theme and meaning which is 1aid in the depth of a text by the aspect that the 1an밍lage of a character and narrator is expressed. The object text of this paper is (The Death of Dentist) of 8eo, Jeong-in( 서정인). The rep1acement of a narrator which is decided by the frequent shift of a focalization causes the ambiguity of narration subject and 1eaves accepters with a unfamiliar experience. On the time position of narrator, the expressive 1anguage of narrator and the distance between a narrator and a character is adjusted because of the characteristic that a certain incident is narrated in many time space positions. It is characteristic that there is another narrator who speaks to character and (in traditional sense) narrator. We can interpret this p1ura1 narrator as the examp1e that the interactive dynamism of the traditiona1 orally narrated genre as Pansori( 판소리) is succeeded modernistically. The intervention of a annotative narrator or the feature of conversationa1 narrative by wordy chattering expression a1so arises from this. It is a1so characterisitc that whether the utterance of character is natura1 is the shift of a point of view and focalization subject. The deep textua1 meaning as the vio1ence of speech can be understood at this 1evel.

This article demonstrates the construction of the quotation from the initial Korean version of the Holy Bible. The study describes the aspect how the citations from Korean Bible had been represented in the early stage. In addition, the study on the continuity in the composition of the quotations between medieval Korean language and modern Korean language is shown. From the article, it can be seen that the cited sentences in the initial Korean Bible are embed in matrix sentence which imply the syntactic function through NP rather than VP. Furthermore, the quotes of the modern language reflect the trnsition period from the medieval language to the modern language. Verbs and adjectives are always involved in sentences to define the nature of the conversation in front of quotation verbs. These verbs and adjectives can show whether events have occurred in the past , present or future. The quotations verbs that are used in the initial Korean bible are usually utterance verbs. They are used to make sentences in the bible , regardless of meaning of sentences or events. Most of the quotations in the initial Korean bible are represented in the quote cover as '-hada' ’ which is one of verbs between matrix sentences, instead of representing as '-ko'.

The paper tries to approach who ate a11 the singas. one of the Park. Wan-seo' s works. from the view of the ecological literary criticism and to review her ecological consciousness represented in the novel. In the novel is well described the heroine' s life of harmonizing with the beautiful nature of her native place and developing her sensibility. The nature of Park, Wan-seo' s works is not just the one as the mere background of the human being but also the place which gives energy that makes her life happy. It means that the nature. to her, is the ecological background where human being and nature is united together. The hero is suffering when she get out of the ecological environment, while she regain her happiness when she remains in the environment. The paper tries to review the negative aspect which comes from the destroyed environment and the vitality of life regained by living in the ecological enVÎronment. The writer doesn' t explain and teach that we can be human being in the nature. but she leads the readers to the ecological environment to experience the vitality of the nature. She goes a step further and shows the power of literature which enables us. modern persons, to feel the vitality of the nature. One of the ways to overcome the ecological crisis is to realize the importance of the balanced ecosystem and to pursue the life harmonized with the nature by internalizing the ecological consciousness. For this. it is important that e should form our values by developing the sensibility of the nature. From this point of view, this work of Park, Wan-seo as a alternative literary work shows one of the possibilities to solve the ecological crisis.

The love and existence that can be found in the acts of the characters that appear in 'Toji' has a philosophical reason on the method of loving and method of living. The way of loving is the way of living, and at the same time , it shows how loving lets people live. The deep interlocking of love and existence represent the stage of immature love and immature existence. If Anthony Giddens' passionate love is a love of obsession for something immature through an aesthetic love , then Kierkegaard' s aesthetic phase can also be deemed an initial existence that is set far apart from romantic will and a sense of responsibility. Of the characters that appear in 'Toji'’ the love of Lee Y ong and Gong Wol-seon can be seen as a mature love that goes beyond the initial existence. While showing the continuity of romantic love, by truly loving and caring for Hongi, the child of Lim’ s, it shows a higher maturity in the religious existence phase. The love of Gi-hwa to Sang-hyeon and the love of In-sil towards Ogada creates and holds fast to a love that is greater than life , and has an even more matured love and existential phase. However, the love and existence of other characters were unable to show a confluent love or religious existence. Their intent was more of a desire from interests or personal lust rather than love. This remains in the aesthetic stage and lacks the two-directional relation of passionate love , and thus , it shows existence at a low phase and immature love. The reason why one must continuously think and reflect upon love even while loving is because of the desire for the eternity of love' s continuity and existence. Even if one is in confluent love. it must coexist with passionate love and romantic love. and even if one is in an ethical existence phase. human existence must be accompanied with continuous reflection as if they have a desire for eternal love and life. The reason why 1 defined the theme of 'Toji' with the two words of 'love' and 'existence' is because of my belief that the continuity of love and the creation of existence closely reciprocates in our lives and is continuously on its way to internal evolution and extension.

The issue of earth' s ecology is enough to be called the topic for the debates of the 21st century, more severe than any time in the history. One of the important obligations for the literature is awakening the awareness that the humans and nature are merged as one. Eco-feminism which seeks to establish a new relationship between humans and the nature is newly getting the spotlight in the world of ecological literature. The ultimate goals which eco-feminism seeks is the "the harmony and balance between humans and the humans and the nature". The aspects of Eco-feminism and its significance illustrated in a full-length novel by Gong, Sun-ok ff"Come to the Sugar Cane Fields.ll was examined in depth. This novel' s ecological imagination is respectable as the story which promotes the concerns for ecology and women, though it may not be the strongly accusatory environmental literature nor the strongly radical feminist literature. The author attempts , not to illustrate the heroic feminine ego oriented toward struggles and triumphs but to portray a truly ecological and alternative society through the determination and patience for 'life' of the women with the strong life force , their personal love and related sexual desires and the morals from the eco-feministic angle. She has drawn the eco-feministic sensitivity and strong correlation which reintegrate the human minds , not the mind of a women with the symbiosis and harmony, through the way she portrayed the 'mother' s heart' and 'the earth'. The novel gives rise to the critical attitude towards the human isolation and the social contradictions in the modern civilization, forcing us to reflect upon what is the truest life for the humans , that is the value of life in an ecological sense. Leading the isolated children with the hearts of a mother and protecting them, expanding the family' s principle to the society and building the community of families with love and peace and further displaying the relationship between the earth and the motherhood dreaming of the co-existence and harmony with nature which has been destroyed by the industrialized society can be found consistently throughout the novel.『Come to the Sugar Cane Fields』 .

This study examined novelist Lee , Sang' s novel of "Map' s darkroorn" that was published in 1932. The novel of "Map' s darkroorn" compressed and expanded all of the thoughts of Lee, Sang to write a novel for thefirst time. The novel did not follow legitimate norm, and it contained formal characteristics and content features of Lee , Sang. The literary text was found to disclose unconsciousness and not to catch consciousness. The novel that made use of unique creation method described that contents suppressed from consciousness could be compressed. In particular , the novelist’s creation while having a dream showed an example of modernism literature that could not be understood by common characteristics. Of course , such a thing was not said to disclose all of the things of unconsciousness. The text subject to inspection described the novelist' s hidden unconsciousness to disclose his fundamental thought. Even now, the novel creates problems continuously that existing art areas have not solved. The novelist who pursued freshness through his works was enough to call outstanding modernist in the literary history of Korea.

In this paper. we research a portrait of the character' s desire by selecting Sun-U. Hwi' s literary work. We try to drive the literary positions and limits of Sun-U. Hwi. The purpose of this research is to look around how characters betray their desire from the view point of Lacan' s desire theory through exploring in-depth the inner world of intellectuals in Sun-U. Hwi' s novel by using psychological techniques. We take a mistake in the case of quoting Lacan' s desire theory as the methodology of analysis of a novel. But We seems it possible because Lacan' s concept consist in a persuasive opinion regarding to human' s desire as well as the novel itself ref1ects the human desire. We have a limitations that research work of the psychological novel don' t facilitate because the characters' s desire in Woo-Hwi Seon' s novel is strong. We divide desire' s breakdown and disruption stage analyzing Sun-U. Hwi' s literary work by the desire theory. In chapter 2. We deeply analyze Lacan' s symbolic and the desire of split subject in desire' s breakdown and disruption stage. We also analyze Sun-U. Hwi' s work as the stage of lack desire. desire' s breakdown and disruption stage. from desire' s revelation stage of the perfection of self. That is intend to satisfaction of desire because of repression of substance. ideology. and sexuality. This Lacan' s symbolic is the place that is absent by the loss and the lack by social order. father' s name. and is completed by structure of subject' s alienation. In chapter 3, we can find another aspects of Sun-U, Hwi' s novel by establishing his novel' s literary position and limits. As well as we produce good results minutely and newly sparing the inside of characters of Sun-U, Hwi' s novel. Sun-U, Hwi' s novel fiercely dig into a problem of ideology, ethnic division, and the division of land as intellectuals. We can see the literary meanings of Sun-U, Hwi' s novel in viewpoint of searching internal unbelief and conflicts , the portrait of desire. This is Sun-U, Hwi' s novel that throw the question about human' s existing and reveal the desire of characters purely internalized in human side.

I studied scientific imagination described in "Sarang" in reference of psychological journals of modern times and Lee, Gwang-Soo's autobiography. As a result , 1 drew the conclusion described below. In "Sarang", ’Anbin' described hormones causing anger and fear, physical love , spiritual love and relaxed feeling as 'Ampinotoxin' , 'Amorogen' ’ 'Auramon' and 'Antiampinotoxin' respectively. Up to now, we interpreted these hormones mentioned above as the result of Lee' s fantasy arising from his arbitrary imagination. But modern research shows that these hormones exist in reality. Proven substance similar to 'Amorogen' is "Pheromone." Auramon almost exactly matches 'Oxytocin," hormone that actually exists. Ampinotoxin, described as hormone causing anger in people , is close to Adrenalin, a steroid hormone. GABA (Gamma Aminobutylic Acid) serves to buffer and adjust stimulating neuron transmission together with Ampinotoxin for relaxation of neurons. Like Endorphine, the hormone actively functions when one sits in meditation, contemplates or prays. But the substance works in contrast with Ampinotoxin that functions to relax mind, ease anger and curb violent desire. At this point , the fact that Lee' s scientific imagination proved true through modern science is surprising enough. His scientific imagination cannot be cited without mentioning his autobiographical elements. In this work which is related with the scientific imagination of love , the study observed his autobiographical elements from the three viewpoints: first , his conviction of science evident in his early columns: second. his disease history and effort to survive disease: third. his wife Heo. Young-sook' s impact on him. In particular. his tuberculosis is known to have largely contributed to his writing "Sarang".