Earticle

이 논문은 기존 페미니즘 연구성과에 나타난 유교에 대한 인식 태도를 평가하고, 필자의 대안을 제시하는 것이 목적이다. 먼저 기존 페미니즘 연구성과들에 나타난 유교에 대한 인식에 대한 평가는 크게 세 가지로 분류하여 검토하였다. 첫째, 기본적으로 유교를 여성억압적이라고 간주, 페미니즘은 유교와 단절해야 한다는 시각이다(단절론). 둘째, ‘철학적 유교’가 지니는 보편적 가치 강조 차원에서 그 공유 가능성은 인정하지만 현재 여성문제를 해결하는데 있어서는 역효과만 초래한다고 간주, 유교이론이나 개념을 해체시키고 재구성하는 것이 낫다는 시각이다(해체론). 셋째, 유교는 동서고금을 초월한 보편적 가치를 함의하고 있는 만큼 여성문제를 해결하기 위해서도 이러한 보편적 가치를 적극적으로 활용해야 하며, 또 할 수 있다는 시각이다(조화론). 단절론은 대체로 사회문화론적 시각에서 과거 경험의 투영이 현재 순기능 가능성보다 역기능 가능성이 크다고 보아 기각하는 입장을 취하고 있다. 해체론은 철학적, 원리적 차원에서 기존의 유가이론이 지닌 한계들을 검토하고 이를 해체시켜 새로운 이론을 모색하는 입장을 취하고 있다. 조화론은 설사 과거에 유가이론이 반페미니즘적 입장을 취했다고 하더라도 현재의 관점에서 그것을 본질론으로 접근하여 친페미니즘적으로 해석하는 것이 현실의 페미니즘적 이상을 실현하는데 유용하다는 입장이다. 이러한 검토 위에 필자는 이 세 입장 모두 일리가 있음을 인정하지만, 그러나 전략적 차원에서라도 조화론을 취하는 것이 유용하다는 주장을 전개하였다. 그것은 고전적 사유나 시원적 사유는 언제 어디서나 강력한 전통의 정당성을 발휘하는 동시에 시공을 초월한 개방적 해석의 가능성을 풍부하게 내포하기 때문이다. 요컨대 현실에서 유교전통의 이름으로 자행되는 반페미니즘적 행태들을 극복하기 위해서라도 우리는 유교 속에서 친페미니즘적 요소 혹은 가치들의 보편적 적용 가능성을 찾아내야 하기 때문이라고 보았다. 즉 유가 전통의 이름으로 악습을 되풀이하거나 고수하지 못하도록 하기 위해서라도 유가적 원리는 끊임없이 재해석되어야 한다. 요컨대 전략차원에서라도 현대 유교는 지속적인 재해석 작업을 통하여 ‘전통적 정당성’을 마음껏 발휘하면서 반페미니즘적 논리를 기각시키고 대신 페미니즘적 이상을 실현하는 데 봉사할 수 있는 것이다.

This dissertation has an aim for reconsidering Korean feminists and the perceptions of Confucianism from the viewpoint of modern gender politics. It can be classified into three large groups. First, it is that the central spirit of Confucianism is contrary to the present feminism or the need of gender politics as well as such spirit can supply ideological power to solve the present sexual discrimination. Second, it is that a feminism has to dissolve Confucianism in spite of it's universal validity. Third, it is that the feministic need has to be justifiable under analyzing a theory about supporting people and the other theory about educating people in Virtue Politics of Confucianism.

Objective: To compare generative artificial intelligence (AI) use and perceptions between Korean physical therapists and physical therapy students and to identify variables associated with perceived usefulness, future intention to use AI for educational purposes, and concerns. Design: Cross-sectional online survey study. Methods: Korean physical therapists and physical therapy students completed an online questionnaire assessing generative AI use patterns and attitudes. Key outcomes were perceived usefulness/need, intention to use in future learning/education, and concern index. Between-group differences were tested using t-tests with Hedges' g. Associations were examined with multivariable linear regression using robust standard errors, adjusted for age, sex, role, recent AI use frequency, paid version, ease of use, and user experience. Results: Of 118 participants, 113 were included in the final analysis (51 students, 62 physical therapists). Educational or academic use of generative AI was reported by 105 participants, and use for patient-related purposes was reported by 59 participants. Perceived usefulness did not differ significantly between students and physical therapists (4.05 vs 3.90, p=0.149). Students reported a higher mean future educational intention than physical therapists (4.49 vs 4.16, p=0.025). No significant between-group difference was found in concerns. Greater recent AI use frequency and more favorable user experience ratings were associated with higher perceived usefulness and future educational intention, whereas no variable was significantly associated with concerns. Conclusions: Generative AI use was common in both groups. Students showed greater future educational intention, while perceived usefulness and concerns were similar. Frequent recent use and favorable user experience were associated with higher perceived usefulness and future educational intention.

This article investigates perceptions and use of Open Access journals (OAJs) by master's degree students in two universities in the southwestern part of Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was used in the study and the study population was comprised of 7,423 master's degree students in the University of Ibadan and 1,867 from Obafemi Awolowo University. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 249 and the data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, mean, standard deviation, correlation, and regression analyses. The findings revealed that OAJs were used for learning, dissertation writing, personal research, and development. OAJs were not frequently used because of download delays, unavailability of Internet facilities, and limited access to computers terminals, among other issues. OAJs were found to be of relative advantage, positively perceived, and found to be compatible with existing values and quality assurance in scholarly publications, hence their use for academic activities. The regression analyses showed that there was a significant positive relationship between positive perception, perception of relative advantage, perception of compatibility, perception complexity, and master's degree students' use of OAJs. Negative perception was found to have a significant negative correlation with the use of OAJs. This article recommends that quality assurance of OAJs should be ensured in order to boost users' positive perceptions to increase their patronage and usage of these scholarly outlets for various academic activities, which will in turn encourage research and development across the various institutions of higher learning in Nigeria.

Purpose: Interprofessional collaboration is essential in oncology care, requiring effective multidisciplinary teamwork. This study examined relationships among perceptions, attitudes, and self-efficacy toward interprofessional education (IPE) among nursing and health science students in oncology care contexts and identified factors associated with self-efficacy. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational design was used. Data were collected between September and November 2022 through an online survey of 242 students majoring in nursing, clinical pathology, radiology, physical therapy, and health administration. IPE perceptions, attitudes, and self-efficacy were assessed using validated instruments and analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman correlations, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Students demonstrated relatively high levels of IPE perceptions, attitudes, and self-efficacy, with nursing and physical therapy students scoring higher than other disciplines. Perception was positively correlated with attitude (r=.74, p<.001) and self-efficacy (r=.71, p<.001), while attitude was strongly correlated with self-efficacy (r=.79, p<.001). Self-efficacy was significantly higher among students who understood IPE (p<.001) and had prior IPE experience (p=.003). Multiple regression analysis indicated that attitude (β=.65, p<.001) and perception (β=.20, p<.001) were significantly associated with self-efficacy, explaining 66% of the variance. Conclusion: Attitudes and perceptions toward IPE were significantly associated with self-efficacy among nursing and health science students in disciplines relevant to collaborative oncology care. Fostering both affective and cognitive components of interprofessional learning may enhance students' self-efficacy for collaborative practice in oncology settings.

Purpose: In order to bridge the gap between rapid technological changes and the healthcare environment,and to alleviate the burden of nursing tasks, the need for change management must be recognized. Understanding nurses' perceptions of generative artificial intelligence (AI) is essential for thesuccessful implementation of nursing change management. However, existing studies are mostlyexploratory in nature, focusing on the utility and applications of generative AI technology. There is a lackof research on its implications for the nursing environment and nursing management. The purpose ofthis study is to explore in depth the perceptions of nurses at cancer specialty hospitals regarding theapplication of generative AI, as well as the environmental and contextual factors involved. Methods: This study conducted in-depth interviews with nurses at National Cancer Center, the first cancerspecialty hospital in South Korea, from July to August 2024. The semistructured questionnaire was developedbased on clinical nursing practice guidelines, and participants were selected considering the various characteristicsand situations of nursing tasks. Results: First, nurses at the cancer specialty hospital recognized change management factors in theareas of ‘basic nursing,’ ‘therapeutic intervention,’ ‘nursing during examinations,’ ‘infection control,’ and‘nursing administration.’ Second, limitations of change management such as ‘decline in nursing proactivity,’‘difficulties in building rapport with patients,’ ‘difficulties in providing personalized nursingcare,’ ‘patient information breach’ and ‘unclear accountability’ were identified. Third, preparationstrategies for change management such as ‘nurse competency improvement,’ ‘legal protection,’‘establishing standardized processes,’ and ‘awareness improvement’ were identified. Conclusion: Based on the research findings, academic and practical implications for the application ofgenerative AI in nursing and strategies to enhance nurses’ readiness for its implementation are presented.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the in-depth perceptions of newborn care among North Korean refugee women through focus group interviews. This research aims to provide foundational data for developing newborn care education programs tai- lored for North Korean refugee women preparing for motherhood. Methods: This qualitative study employed focus groups to investigate perceptions of neonatal care among North Korean refugee women of childbearing age (20?45 years old). Conducted from August to September 2022, the sessions included five non-preg- nant women and four who were currently pregnant. Results: Both pregnant and non-pregnant women expressed ambivalent feelings, char- acterized by a blend of expectation and fear regarding childrearing. Pregnant women ar- ticulated specific parenting strategies and viewed childrearing as a more tangible re- sponsibility in light of physical changes and social isolation. In contrast, non-pregnant women expressed vague aversion and anxiety about the lack of information and support systems, stating that they could only endure childrearing with adequate external sup- port. Notably, pregnant women emphasized the psychological conflict stemming from disrupted self-realization and shifts in their identities as mothers. Conclusion: This study revealed differences in childrearing perceptions among North Korean refugee women based on their pregnancy status. It underscores the necessity for developing customized education programs that consider life stages and psychological readiness, as well as the importance of establishing social support systems

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate perceptions of fatherhood among fathers of high-risk neonates and their confidence regarding neonatal care. Methods: A study was conducted of 100 fathers whose neonates had been admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for at least 48 hours. Perceptions of fatherhood, neonatal characteristics, and fathers' confidence regarding neonatal care were measured using a self-reported questionnaire. The survey took approximately 10 minutes to complete and was completed anonymously. The factors that affected fathers' confidence regarding neonatal care were analyzed using multiple regression. Results: The scores for positive and negative perceptions of fatherhood were relatively high at 4.27 and 3.42 out of 5 points, respectively. A positive perception of fatherhood was found to influence fathers' confidence regarding neonatal care. Conclusion: NICU nurses should encourage fathers to effectively perform their parenting roles by implementing educational programs and interventions to promote positive perceptions of fatherhood and fathers' confidence regarding neonatal care after discharge.

Purpose: The present survey was conducted to investigate the perceptions among nurses of neonatal pain and the associated use of pharmacologic measures (PMs) and nonpharmacologic comfort measures (CMs) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Pain perception, the necessity and actual use of PMs and CMs, and their relationships were investigated and compared according to nurses' positions, educational levels, the existence of guidelines, and prior education on neonatal pain management. Methods: Participants were 141 nurses from five NICUs at university hospitals. A questionnaire was developed by researchers based on previous studies of neonatal pain management and current practices in surveyed NICUs. Five-point Likert scales were used to assess nurses' perceptions of pain, the necessity of PMs and CMs, and their actual use in 29 painful procedures. Results: The mean scores of perceived pain and the necessity of PMs and CMs were 3.68, 2.96, and 3.79 points, respectively. The actual use of PMs and CMs was 1.67 and 2.63 points, respectively. The perceived necessity of PMs correlated with the actual use of PMs (r = .316, p < .001), and CMs were performed (r = .390, p < .001). Keeping or reading guidelines, or receiving education on pain management resulted in a higher perception of the necessity of PMs. Conclusion: Korean nurses in NICUs often underestimate the necessity of pain relief measures and use few PMs or CMs. Therefore, systematic approaches to implement guidelines, such as adaptation of guidelines for each NICU, dissemination of guideline content to all NICU staff, and regular measurements of compliance with the guidelines, are recommended.

While considerable research suggests that users' uncertainty gradually decreases, as they proceed through the information seeking process, others argue that it can arise at any stage of their information seeking process. Reflecting the latter view, this study examined user perceptions of uncertainty in the final stage of users' information seeking process, the stage of search results evaluation. Considering the significance of Web search engines for academic study, this study investigated the relevance decision stage of scholarly researchers in the field of science, who use Web search engines for their academic study. Based on the analysis of the users' uncertainty, this study provided implications to improve information systems and Web contents design.

While numerous studies have suggested the significance of uncertainty during the process of information-seeking, less research has investigated user uncertainty in the actual search process using a real system. This study investigated user perceptions of uncertainty in the process of the selection of information retrieval system in the real information-seeking process. Considering the role of commercial Web search engines as supplementary tools for traditional bibliographic databases in academic research environments, this study analyzed the selection behavior of scholarly researchers, who use such search tools for their academic study. The researchers were limited to the discipline of science in order to understand user perceptions in this field. The findings revealed various dimensions, types, and incidents of uncertainty. Variations appeared in different incidents of uncertainty relating to the unique characteristics of the subjects' information-seeking context. The identification of three principal origins of uncertainty based on the different types of uncertainty generated implications to improve information systems and services.

Purpose: To explore nurses’ perceptions of end-of-life care in neonatal and pediatric in- tensive care units, focusing on the components, facilitators, and challenges of such care in daily practice. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Data were collected from June to October 2023 through semi-structured individual interviews with 17 nurses from the neonatal and pediatric intensive care units of four tertiary general hospitals in a metro- politan area of South Korea, and were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Results: We identified three themes and nine subthemes: (1) supporting families’ emo- tional and relational closure, (2) perceiving relational and systemic support as enabling end-of-life care, and (3) feeling constrained by systemic and practical challenges. Partici- pants perceived fostering an emotional connection with the child, ensuring opportunities for meaningful farewell, and supporting emotional acceptance of death as ways to sup- port families’ emotional and relational closure with their child. Although relational and systemic support, such as collaborative teamwork, clear communication, shared plan- ning, and structured tools, enabled compassionate care, participants also felt unprepared, burdened by heavy workloads, and hindered by environmental barriers. Conclusion: The findings highlight that delivering quality end-of-life care in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units requires supporting families’ emotional needs, strengthening relational and systemic support, and addressing practical challenges. Fur- ther research is needed to develop and test practical strategies (e.g., specialized education in compassionate communication, standardized protocols, and supportive care environ- ments) that can improve the quality of end-of-life care for neonatal and pediatric patients and their families.

Purpose: This study aimed to describe nurses’ perceptions of gerontological nurse practitioner (GNP) programme curricula, especially positive and negative aspects of the curricula and suggestions to improve the curricula. Methods: Twenty-one certified GNPs attended one or two interviews and the data obtained were analysed using a conventional content analytic method. Results: The analysis revealed seven categories and 18 subcategories. The main positive aspects of the GNP programme curricula were “Acquiring knowledge and skills to elder care through the GNP programme” and “Application of gerontological nursing-related knowledge and skills attained from the GNP programme.” The negative aspects included “Didactic education insufficient for the development of expertise in gerontological nursing” and “Ineffective and suboptimal operation of clinical practice curriculum.” Suggestions to improve the GNP programme curricula were “Enhancement of education in core courses,” “Strengthening the contents of gerontological nursing didactic courses,” and “Quality improvement of clinical practice.” Conclusion: The findings indicate that educators, policymakers, and other stakeholders should re-examine the current GNP programme curricula to provide GNP students with quality education and training pertinent to professional healthcare for older adults in various healthcare settings.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine pediatric hospital nurses' perceptions and performance of family-centered care. Methods: A descriptive study design was used. This study surveyed 162 nurses who worked at a single tertiary children's hospital in South Korea. The modified Family-Centered Care Scale was used to assess nurses' perceptions and performance of family-centered care. Barriers to the implementation of family-centered care were described in an open-ended format. Results: Pediatric hospital nurses had a higher score for perceptions (mean score=4.07) than for performance (mean score=3.77). The collaboration subscale had the lowest scores for both perceptions and performance. The perceptions of family-centered care differed significantly according to the nurses’ clinical career in the pediatric unit and familiarity with family-centered care, while performance differed according to clinical career only. Perceptions and performance were positively correlated (r=.594, p<.001). Barriers to implementation included a shortage of nursing personnel, a lack of time, and the absence of a family-centered care system. Conclusion: To improve the performance of family-centered care, nurses’ perceptions of family-centered care should be improved by offering education programs and active support, including sufficient staffing, and establishing systems within hospitals.

Purpose: In Cambodia, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) account for 64% of all deaths. A lack of risk perception of NCDs leads to poor measures of their prevention and management. This study aimed to investigate Cambodians’ risk perceptions of NCDs based on the health belief model. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, and using convenience sampling, participants included 200 Cambodians aged 40 years or older. A face-to-face administered structured questionnaire was used to assess demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and risk perceptions of NCDs. Results: Of the constructs of NCD risk perception, perceived severity (88.2%) and benefits (86.3%) were high, but relative to these, perceived cues to action (64.1%), barriers (63.5%), and self-efficacy (58.1%) were low. Conclusion: It is important to improve perceived self-efficacy in government health promotion, outreach, and improvement programs and to reduce perceived barriers through medical tests either by facility-based delivery or via outreach health services in Cambodia.

Purpose: Elder self-neglect is a global public health issue and should be taken seriously at large. Nurses, usually working directly with elderly patients, have a better understanding of what factors may cause elder self-neglect. In this qualitative study, we explored the influencing factors of elder self-neglect from the perception of nurses in the context of Chinese culture. Methods: Face-to-face, in-depth interviews were conducted from November 2018 to December 2018. Purposive sampling was used. Twenty one participants recruited from eight geriatric wards of a general hospital located in Wuhan were interviewed. A content analysis of qualitative nature was performed to analyze the data. Results: Our conceptual model illustrated the findings based on the three themes of the conflict between personal recognition and social judgment, the choice between current needs and individual beliefs, as well as the compromise between insufficient abilities and limited resources. Conclusion: Nurses together with family members and social workers can help older adults improve their awareness of self-neglect to bridge the gap with social judgment, learn to focus on their own needs, as well as seek as much support as possible. Nurses should also respect the autonomy and selfdetermination of elder self-neglecters because self-neglect is related to older adults' values. Furthermore, larger studies are needed to quantitatively test and refine the model.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine nurses' perceptions of the disclosure of patient safety incidents (DPSI), which is known to be effective in reducing medical litigation and improving the credibility of medical professionals. Methods: Three focus group discussions were conducted with 20 nurses using semistructured guidelines. Transcribed content including a record of the progress of the focus group discussions and researchers' notes were analyzed using directed content analysis. Results: Most participants thought that DPSI is necessary because of its effectiveness and for ethical justification. However, participants held varied opinions regarding the primary responsibility of DPSI. Participants agreed on the necessity of explaining the incident and expressing sympathy, apologizing, and promising appropriate compensation that are chief components of DPSI. However, they were concerned that it implies a definitive medical error. A closed organizational culture, fear of deteriorating relationships with patients, and concerns about additional work burdens were suggested as barriers to DPSI. However, the establishment of DPSI guidelines and improving the hospital organization culture were raised as facilitators of DPSI. Conclusion: Most nurse participants acknowledged the need for DPSI. To promote DPSI, it is necessary to develop guidelines for DPSI and provide the appropriate training. Improving the hospital organization culture is also critical to facilitate DPSI.

As we all know, online consumer reviews have come to substitute more traditional forms of restaurant criticism. In this article, we examine the significance of TheFork for the reputation of Japanese restaurants in Italy. Data were extracted from the websites of restaurants associated with TheFork. A total of 675 online reviews were analyzed. The study focused on statistical inquiry using principal component analysis and analysis of variance to answer the following research question: Does a statistically significant relationship exist between the attributes of Japanese restaurants and reviewer profiles? The results highlighted two elements, which were successfully constructed: the reviewer's profile and the attributes of Japanese restaurants.

Purpose: This study investigated patients’ perceptions and expectations of their families’ participation in the informed consent process of elective surgery. Methods: This is a survey study. Anonymous questionnaires that were mailed to potential participants included a demographic data sheet and a scale, measuring patients’ perceptions of themselves and their families’ participation level in the informed consent process. A convenience sample of patients who had undergone surgery and had been discharged within 4 months from a medical center in southern Taiwan (n ¼ 1,737) were recruited. Results: One hundred and forty-five recipients replied, gaining a response rate of 10.0%, and 120 provided complete data. The mean age of the participants was 56.0 years (range 20e85, SD ¼ 14.98), and more than half were female (54.2%). Twenty-one participants (17.5%) perceived having less family participation than their own participation in the surgery informed consent process, and 40% expected more family participation in the process. The mean scores of the self-rated participation level was significantly higher than that of the families (p < .001). Patients' expectations of family participation were significantly higher than their perceptions of family participation (p < .001). Eleven patients (9.2%) reported having more family participation than they expected. Participants received the most information about the disease during the informed consent process and the least information about alternatives to surgery. Age,gender, number of previous surgeries and admissions influenced the study participants' perceived level of participation in the informed consent process. Conclusion: This preliminary study demonstrates that patients’ perceptions and expectations for family participation in the surgical informed consent process vary. Healthcare providers should be aware of patients’ expectation to appropriately invite their family into the informed consent process.

This study aims to determine the awareness and perceptions of Korean researchers regarding mandatory open access (OA) and OA publishing of publicly-funded research papers. In July 2019, Korean researchers who had published in Science Citation Index Expanded journals as first authors and corresponding authors participated in an online survey distributed via e-mail. A total of 1,172 valid responses were collected and analyzed using SPSS 18. The results indicated that the level of awareness of OA differed significantly based on occupation and research experience (p<0.001). Although 52.56% of the respondents had experienced OA publishing, only 22.35% had self-archiving experience. Regardless of the amount of publishing cost support, researchers showed a high level of willingness to publish OA articles. Yet, since the importance of impact factor was evaluated to be very high, at present OA publication might have a limited role as a publication platform.

Architects are facing increasing risks that result from heightened expectations of benefits and performance when designing green buildings compared to traditional buildings. This study aims to explore the possible risk factors for architects in green building projects in South Korea and assess risk mitigation measures. To attain this goal, 14 risk factors and 12 mitigation measures were determined through an extensive literature review. A questionnaire was administered to architects practicing green building design and criticality index was employed to assess major risk factors and mitigation measures. This study identified 'adoption of new technology and process', 'green building certification results', 'building products and materials', and 'energy saving uncertainty' as the major risk factors of green building projects. Additionally, the questionnaire proposed 'contract indicating each party's role, liability, and limitations clearly', 'utilizing integrated design process', and 'understanding client's goal in green building projects' as the three most effective risk mitigation measures in designing green buildings. There are few studies that focus on architects' perceived risks concerning green building projects; this study contributes to a deeper knowledge and attempts to fill the current literature gap, which would benefit South Korea's green building design practice by aiding in the development of better risk management strategies.