Earticle

A new channel estimation method of neural network based on complex radial basis function (CRBF) is proposed to enhance the anti-interference ability of traditional pilot frequency estimation algorithm in power line communication (PLC). This method builds up a new channel model of complex field signals in PLC. The complete response model was established by using transmitting terminal’s pilot signal as input sample data, pilot signal’s frequency response as output sample data, and pre-setting mean square error (MSE) and diffusion constant. Computer simulations show that compared with the traditional algorithm the channel estimation was more accurate and had lower MSE and bit error rate (BER).

This study proposes that the Phase Linearization Interpolation is higher efficency than the existed Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing system in the Multipath channels time-varient. Also, it showed that time domain equalization is better than the existed frequency domain equalization about the calculation and efficency for clear Inter Carrier Interference of the doppler effect.

The research domain of underwater communication has garnered much interest among researchers exploring underwater activities. The underwater environment differs from the terrestrial setting. Some of the main challenges in underwater communication are limited bandwidth, low data rate, propagation delay, and high bit error rate (BER). As such, this study assessed the underwater acoustic (UWA) aspect and explored the expression of error performance based on t-distribution noise. Filter orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing refers to a new waveform candidate that has been adopted in UWA, along with turbo and polar codes. The empirical outcomes demonstrated that the noise did not adhere to Gaussian distribution, whereas the simulation results revealed that the filter applied in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing could significantly suppress out-of-band emission. Additionally, the performance of the turbo code was superior to that of the polar code by 2 dB at BER 10-3.

In this study, a novel group-indexed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing index modulation (OFDM-IM) scheme is proposed to achieve a tradeoff between spectral efficiency (SE) and bit-error-rate (BER) performance. In the proposed scheme, the total subcarriers in a group are divided into subgroups, and additional bits are transmitted by subgroup indexing, unlike the conventional OFDM-IM scheme, which uses index bits to select active subcarriers. With the proposed scheme, the additional degree of freedom provided by the number of active subgroups selected provides a tradeoff between spectral efficiency and BER performance. Decoding is performed in steps to reduce computional complexity in the decoder design. Simulaton results show that the number of active subgroups selected influences the proposed scheme's performance in terms of energy efficiency, spectral efficiency, and BER performance.

Visible light communications (VLC) using the intensity modulation of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) provides a new communication medium to overcome the shortage of radio spectrum, and allows reuse of LED lighting infrastructures. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) was introduced to VLC for its merits in mitigating the fading effects resulting from delay spread, and in avoiding low-frequency ambient interference. Noise and clipping are two major factors that degrade the performance of OFDM in VLC. A larger signal easily overcomes noise, but experiences impairment by clipping. Therefore, degradation due to clipping has a trade-off relationship with that due to noise, depending on the signal amplitude of OFDM. In this paper, the optimal signal amplitude in the trade-off is obtained by simulation when the dimming and LED intensity are given. The former indicates a user's requirement for lighting, and the latter represents the channel quality. The required LED intensity-to-noise ratio, as the channel quality that guarantees dimming as well as an adequate bit-error rate (BER), is also discussed.

OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 수신기의 동기화는 시간영역의 심벌타이밍옵셋 추정과 주파수영역의 반송주파수옵셋 추정으로 이루어진다. 이 논문은 소수배 반송주파수옵셋 추정이 이루어진 이후 잔여의 정수배 주파수옵셋 추정에 대한 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 정수배의 반송주파수 옵셋은 복조기의 BER 성능을 열화시키므로 반드시 교정되어야 한다. 여기에서 제안하는 방법은 길이가 N인 PN 시퀀스의 칩들을 OFDM 부반송파에 변조시켜서 송신하고, 수신기는 수신된 신호를 FFT 수행후 국부에서 발생된 알려진 PN 시퀀스와 비교하여 PN 시퀀스의 위상을 추적함으로 정수배의 반송주파수 옵셋을 찾는 것이다. 이것은 기존의 제안된 차동변조된 신호의 에너지를 측정하는 방법에 비해서 계산속도가 빠르며, 간단한 훈련심벌(training symbol)로 동기를 찾을 수 있는 장점이 있다.

The synchronization of OFDM receiver is consisted of symbol timing offset(STO) estimation in time domain and carrier frequency offset(CFO) estimation in frequency domain. This paper proposes new algorithm for correcting the integer CFO after we have done correcting the STO and partial CFO. ICFO must be corrected, since the ICFO lead to degrade bit error rate(BER) of demodulation performance. The PN sequence has information which is subcarrier order since the modified PN sequence, length is same subcarrier, is used in this paper and is modulated each subcarrier by each chip. Thus the receiver track phase of PN sequence after FFTin order to find the subcarrier frequency offset. The proposed algorithm is faster and more simple than convenient methode as measuring carrier energy.

This paper proposes a new polarization diversity scheme for OPFDM (Orthogonal Polarization and Frequency Division Multiplexing). OPFDM is an extension of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) in conjunction with polarization multiplexing in order to ensure the orthogonality amongst subcarriers. Since OPFDM uses two orthogonally polarized channels, it can easily employ the polarization diversity. In order to get the diversity gain effectively in a frequency selective fading channel, the proposed scheme combines the signals in subcarrier-by-subcarrier basis. The computer simulation results confirm that the proposed scheme is superior to conventional one in the two orthogonally polarized two-ray Rayleigh fading channels with cross-talk between the two channels.

In this paper, we first analyze the influence of interference due to the time variation and delay spread of the mobile channel on an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. With the result, we obtain the bit error rate performance of the 16-QAM OFDM system. Second, we investigate the performance of the Reed-Solomon (RS) coded 16-QAM OFDM system when the number of subcarriers varies. In the investigation, we assume that the information transmission rate and the total bandwidth expansion due to coding, guard interval, and the number of subcarriers are fixed. Under this condition, it is observed that there are optimum numbers of subcarriers that minimize the post decoding symbol error probability of RS code for various channel states.

주파수 오프셋으로 인하여 직교 주파수분할다중화의 수신 심볼에는 채널간간섭이 발생된다. 채널간간섭 자기소거법은 직교 주파수분할다중화 심볼의 부채널에 할당되는 신호를 조정함으로써 다른 부채널에 의한 간섭을 상쇄시키는 기술이다. 기존 인접심볼반복법은 원거리 부채널에 의한 간섭을 감소시키기는 하지만 가장 인접한 부채널에 의한 간섭은 완화시키지 못하거나 심지어는 증가시키는 경우도 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 새로운 인접심볼반복 기반 채널간간섭 자기소거법을 제안하고 성능을 분석한다. 여기서는 연속된 3개 부채널의 간섭계수를 이용하여 구한 t-파라미터를 적용한다. 그 결과, 제안된 방법은 원거리 부채널에 의한 영향을 감소시키는 능력은 기존 방법과 거의 동일한 반면 최인접 부채널에 의한 채널간간섭은 크게 감소시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Due to the frequency offset, interchannel interference (ICI) is occurred in the received symbols of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The ICI self-cancellation (ICI-SC) technique appropriately adjusts the subchannel signal assignment of the OFDM symbols, thereby canceling the interference caused by other subchannels. The conventional adjacent symbol repetition (ASR) method can reduce the interference caused by remote subchannels. However, it may not mitigate or even increases the ICI produced by some nearest subchannels. To solve the problem, a new ASR based ICI-SC technique is proposed and its performance is analyzed in this paper. Here, a t-parameter obtained by the interference coefficients of 3 successive subchannels is applied. As a result, the proposed method has the same capability to reduce the influence of remote subchannels. However, it can reduce the ICI caused by the nearest subchannels significantly.

본 논문에서는 직교 주파수분할다중화의 첨두전력 대 평균전력비 감소를 위한 부분전송열 방식에서 연산 복잡도를 줄이기 위한 부블럭분할법이 제안된다. 여기서는 부블럭의 부분부대역에 랜덤하게 복소신호를 할당하고 이들을 반복적으로 연결시킨다. 그리고 보간 형태로 활성화된 부대역을 이용하여 변조함으로써 연산량이 감소된다. 모의실험 결과 제안된 방법은 기존의 방법과 거의 유사한 첨두전력 대 평균전력비 감소성능을 나타내었다. 그러나 부분전송열 직교 주파수분할다중화의 단일 심벌 전송에 요구되는 연산복잡도는 기존의 방법에 크게 감소됨을 알 수 있었다.

In this paper, a subblock partition scheme for reduction of computational complexity in partial transmit sequence which reduces the peak-to-average power ratio in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is proposed. In this scheme, complex signals are assigned into partial subbands randomly and signals in a partial subband are duplicated and concatenated repetitively to make a subblock. By modulation of active subbands which have almost interleaved pattern, computational complexity can be reduced. As results of computer simulation, the proposed shows almost same peak to average power ratio reduction performance as compared to the conventional one. However, computational complexity required to transmit a partial transmit sequence OFDM symbol has been reduced extensively.

본 논문에서는 충격성 잡음 환경에서 직교 주파수분할다중화 시스템의 성능에 대하여 분석한다. 여기서는 충격성 잡음 완화알고리즘 가운데 윈도우 비선형성 방법이 적용된 직교 주파수분할다중화 시스템의 오류 성능이 과표본화율과 윈도우 크기에 의존적임을 모의실험을 통하여 확인한다. 그리고 과표본화율과 윈도우 크기의 변화에 따라 표본화된 신호의 진폭을 제어하는 문턱치의 적절한 영역을 제시한다. 그 결과, 이전의 연구에서 보고된 인자 조합보다 직교 주파수분할다중화 시스템의 심볼 오류 성능 면에서 더욱 우수한 성능을 가지는 인자 조합을 제시한다.

In this paper, performance of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system in an impulsive noise environment is analyzed. Here, it is verified that performance of the OFDM system with window nonlinearity, which is one of the impulsive noise mitigation algorithms, is dependent on the over-sampling rate and the size of window. With respect to the variation of those parameters, we also provide an appropriate region of threshold values that control amplitudes of the sampled waveform of received signals. As a result, a new combination of parameters which improves error performance of OFDM system in an impulsive noise environment as compared to the previously reported parameters is presented.