Earticle

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are often deployed in potentially adverse or even hostile environment so that there are concerns on security issues in these WSNs. Sensor nodes with resource-constrained make security applications a challenging problem. Key agreement is a fundamental security service in WSNs, which enables sensor nodes to communicate securely with each other using cryptographic techniques. However, due to the resource constraints on sensor nodes, it is infeasible to use traditional key management techniques such as public key cryptography and key distribution center. Recently, Kim proposed two efficient and non-interactive hierarchical key agreements in WSNs, which have good properties including non-interactive, hierarchical, resilient, etc. However, Kim’s protocols do not support freshness of the established session key that key agreement protocol should supports. Thereby, we propose two freshness preserving hierarchical key agreement protocols over the hierarchical WSNs, named as HKAP_FP. Our two HKAP_FPs inherit advantages from Kim’s protocols and well suited to the hierarchical WSNs.

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have many applications, vary in size, and are deployed in a wide variety of areas. They are often deployed in potentially adverse or even hostile environment so that there are concerns on security issues in these WSNs. Sensor nodes used are resource-constrained, which make security applications a challenging problem. Key agreement is a fundamental security service in WSNs; it enables sensor nodes to communicate securely with each other using cryptographic techniques. However, due to the resource constraints on sensor nodes, it is infeasible to use traditional key management techniques such as public key cryptography and key distribution center. Recently, Guo et al. proposed an efficient and non-interactive hierarchical key agreement protocol applicable to mobile ad-hoc networks, which has good properties including non-interactive, hierarchical, resilient, etc. The purpose of this paper is to propose a non-interactive hierarchical key agreement protocol over the hierarchical WSNs, which is a revision of Guo et al.’s protocol for the WSNs due to their protocol’s good properties. Our revision inherit advantages from Guo et al.’s protocol and well suited to the hierarchical WSNs.

The next era is foreseen to revolutionize the utility application with the technological advancements in IT and telecommunication. Intelligence will be seen in industrial machines equipped with embedded technologies enabling communication using low power wireless technology. Smart meter has recently gained lot of attention from the research community as this has raised unique challenges especially w.r.t security. Privacy preservation in such an environment is discussed to be critical as it may lead to devastating effects or even blackout which has been witnessed before. In this paper, we propose a privacy preserving algorithm which ensures resiliency against credentials theft with cryptographic operations where they are transported in a secure manner. We evaluated different encryption algorithms RC5, MD5, SHA1 in terms of computational and communication resources consumed by them in the proposed privacy preserving algorithm. In future, extensive evaluations and proofs of cryptographic algorithms will be included.

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a collection of densely deployed sensor nodes. These nodes are prone to attack and also resource constrained. Resource accountability is also required for Security implementation in WSN. Some researchers proposed different methods, algorithms and frameworks for WSN security implementation. SPINS is a framework for implementing overall security in WSN using SNEP (Sensor Network Encryption Protocol) and μTESLA (the “micro” version of the Timed, Efficient, Streaming, Loss-tolerant Authentication Protocol) protocol. Existing research works reveal that SNEP employed RC5 encryption algorithm for WSN. This paper analyzed efficient encryption algorithm XTEA for SNEP & evaluate that it is better as compare to RC5 in terms of energy, storage and time.

스마트 캠퍼스의 플랫폼으로 사물 인터넷에 대한 아이디어가 점점 대중화되고 있다. 인터넷에 연결하기 위해 통신 네트워크, 센서 노드 및 게이트웨이로 구성된 인프라가 필요하며 각 센서 노드는 환경에서 데이터를 수집할 수 있다. 본 논문 은 스마트 캠퍼스 모니터링을 적용하기 위해 인터넷에 구성한 무선 센서 네트워크를 설명한다. 무선 센서 네트워크 모니터링 은 저전력 구현 및 통합 시스템을 사용하는 완벽한 솔루션이다. 그러나 제한된 컴퓨팅 범위, 제한된 컴퓨팅 성능, 네트워크 프로토콜의 가용성 부족, 프로그래밍 보안 부족 및 기밀성, 무결성 및 가용성 분야의 보안 오류로 인해 수많은 제약이 있다. WSNM 노드를 위한 새로운 보안 기술과 기능이 개발되었다. 보안 네트워크 연구 개발 및 서비스 거부 (DOS) 및 복잡성 공격 방지를 위한 시스템을 제안하였다. 이러한 시스템이 제대로 구현되면 사전 할당을 통한 에너지 효율성 메커니즘과 안전 한 루틴 알고리즘을 통해 핵심 관리 모델의 새로운 키를 제공 할 수 있다.

The idea of the Internet of Things as a platform on the Smart Campus has become increasingly popular. It requires an infrastructure consisting of communication networks, sensor nodes and gateways to connect to the Internet. Each sensor node is responsible for gathering data from the environment. This document outlines a network of wireless sensors on the Internet for the application of Smart Campus monitoring. Wireless sensor network Monitoring have become a complete solution to using a low power implementation and integrated systems. The numerous restrictions however result from the low communication range, the limited computing power, the lack of availability of the network protocol, the lack of programming security and the security failures in the areas of confidentiality, integrity and availability. A new security technique and its functionality for WSNM nodes developed. Development in the research of a secure network and suggestions for avoiding denial of service (DOS) and complexity attacks. These systems if properly implemented can provide an energy efficiency mechanism through pre-allocation and a new key from key management models with a secure routine algorithm.

무선 센서 네트워크는 물리적인 제약을 가진 수많은 센서 노드들로 구성되어 있다. 각 센서 노드는 주변의 상태를 감지하고, 감지된 정보를 싱크(Sink)로 보내는 역할을 한다. <중략> 본 논문에서는 교량과 같은 인공구조물에 적합한 비 계층적 무선 센서 네트워크 구조를 제시하였다. 또한, 센서 노드들의 휴면(Sleep)과 활동(Awake) 상태를 이용한 효율적인 보안 라우팅 프로토콜과 센서 노드의 키와 위치 정보를 사전에 노드에 분배하는 사전 키 분배 방식 및 2계층 인증 기법을 제안하였다. 제안하는 방식은 대체 경로 수의 증가로 인한 데이터 전송률의 증가와 에너지 소모율의 감소 효과를 보였다.

The wireless sensor network consists of a number of sensor nodes which have physical constraints. Each sensor node senses surrounding environments and sends the sensed information to Sink. In order to alleviate the inherent vulnerability in security of the wireless sensor nodes with the hardware constraints, the lightweight security protocol is needed and a variety of research is ongoing. In this paper, we propose a non-hierarchical sensor network and a security protocol that is suitable for monitoring man-made objects such as bridges. This paper, furthermore, explores a two-layer authentication, key distribution scheme which distributes the key and location of a sensor node in advance, and an effective security routing protocol which can take advantage of the Sleep and Awake state. This also results in the increased data transfer rate by increasing the number of alternative routing paths and the reduced energy consumption rate.

본 논문에서 제안하는 라우팅 기법은 분산된 센서 네트워크 상의 시작 노드에서 목적지 노드까지 데이터를 전송 할 때, 유효 데이터를 암호화 하고 그것을 분할하여 서로 다른 경로를 통해 전송함으로써 스니핑 공격에 암호화된 부분 데이터만 노출하여 정보 유출의 가능성을 감소한다. 스니핑 공격에 의한 정보 유출 가능성 감소의 정도는 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 전체 데이터를 단일 경로로 전송하는 경우와 비교한 실험 결과를 통하여 나타내 보이며, 해당 경로의 선택을 위한 알고리즘은 이론의 증명을 통해 나타내 보인다.

As a part of preparing the sniffing attack, this routing method presented in this thesis decreases the risk rates of the leaking of information through separating valid data and transmitting by a multi-path. then data is transmitted from start node to destination node on distributed sensor network. The level of reduction in leaking of information by the sniffing attack is proved by experimental result thich compare the case described above with the case of transmitting whole data with the single path by simulation, and the algorithm for choosing the routing path is showed by proof of the theorem.

무선 센서 네트워크는 저가의 많은 노드들로 구성되어 있으며. 이 노드들은 정보수집, 계산, 통신을 위한 전력등을 가지고 있다. 센서 네크워크에서의 보안을 위하여 주로 암호화 방법이 사용되고 있으나 자원이 제약적인 센서 네크워크에서 많은 에너지와 계산을 필요로 하는 암호화 방법은 센서 노드의 수명을 단축시킨다. 이를 보완하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 위치정보 은닉을 이용한 저전력 보안방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법에서는 위치정보의 은닉을 위하여 상대거리정보를 사용하며, 센서 노드간 통신에서는 상대좌표로부터 구할 수 있는 노드사이의 상대거리정보가 사용된다.

In drone-assisted wireless sensor networks, drones collect data from sensors in an energy-efficient manner and quickly distribute urgent information to sensor nodes. This article introduces recent communication and security schemes for drone-assisted wireless sensor networks. For the communication schemes, we introduce data collection optimization schemes, drone position and movement optimization schemes, and drone flight path optimization schemes. For the security schemes, we introduce authentication and key management schemes, cluster formation schemes, and cluster head election schemes. Then, we present some enhancement methodologies for these communication and security schemes. As a conclusion, we present some interesting future work items.

The use of a mobile agent in hospital environment offers an opportunity to deliver better services for patients and staffs. Furthermore, medical errors will be reduced because M-health system helps to verify the medical process. Optimized security protocols and mechanisms are employed for the high performance and security. Finally, a challenge in the near future will be converge the integration of Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN) with security protocols for applying the hospital environment. We proposed secure authentication and protocol with Mobile Agent for ubiquitous sensor network under healthcare system surroundings.