Earticle

Social commerce, a subset of electronic commerce, involves the utilization of SNSs such as Facebook and Twitter, and has been growing along with blogs and social media. On the domestic side, there are fierce competitions among three predominant companies: Tieckmonster, Coupang, and Wemakeprice. Over this study, more practical research has been conducted on social commerce through market segmentation, target markets, and positioning analysis on Tieckmonster, Coupang, and Wemakeprice. Moreover, the pros and cons of each company have been examined.

The purpose of this study was to select the target markets through the brand personality of sport products. The total number of sampling was 360 adult male, female, who are current members at 4 major health and fitness facilities in Seoul. Among them, only 298 was employed because they are relevantly responded. The Spss Win 12.0 Statistical Package was used for the frequency analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis .The results of the study are as follow. Firstly, if the brand personality of a certain sport product is of sincerity, it must select the best target markets, considering the psychological segmentation, geographical segmentation criterion and product-related criterion. Secondly, if the brand personality of a certain sport product is of excitement ,it must select the best target markets, considering the demographical segmentation, geographical segmentation and product-related criterion. Thirdly, if the brand personality of a certain sport product is of competentence, it must select the best target markets considering the demographical segmentation, psychological segmentation and product-related criterion. Fourthly, if the brand personality of a certain sport product is of ruggedness, it must select the best target markets, considering the demographical segmentation and psychological segmentation criterion. Lastly, if the brand personality ofa certain sport product is of sophistication, it must select the best target markets, considering the demographical segmentation, psychological segmentation and product-related criterion.

본 연구는 새로운 경제협력의 파트너로 부상하는 아프리카 국가들을 상대로 순차적 배제 방법과 지수화 및 순위 방법을 통해서 유망시장들을 체계적으로 선정하고, 이들 유망시장들에 대한 평가지표들에 대한 상호비교를 통한 전략적 진출방안과 현지진출지원 거점의 확보방안을 제시하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지수화 및 순위 방법과 관련하여 시장성, 안정성, 발전성 및 적합성 등 네 가지 지표를 설정하고, 각 지표별로 세부평가지표들을 설정하여 총 33개의 세부평가기준으로 아프리카 국가에 대한 분석을 실시했다. 지수화 방식으로는 최대․최소 지수화 방식과 누적분포 지수화 방식을 각각 적용했으며, 한국과의 무역의 반영여부와 결합하여 모두 네 가지 종합평가를 실시했다. 각 평가에 걸쳐서 10위 이내에 2번 이상 포함된 국가들인 남아프리카공화국, 튀니지, 나이지리아, 알제리, 모로코, 이집트, 가나, 탄자니아, 리비아, 케냐 등을 10개 국가를 유망시장으로 선정하였다. 그리고 이 선정결과와 각 평가 지표별 지수의 상호비교를 토대로 적극진출, 위험관리, 개척필요 및 장기접근 등으로 구분된 차별화된 진출전략을 제시하였다. 또한 10대 유망국가 중 아직도 지원거점이 설치되지 않은 튀니지, 가나, 탄자니아 등 3개 국가에 진출지원거점을 설치하는 방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 아프리카 전체 국가들 대상으로 광범위한 객관적 자료에 기반을 둔 체계적인 유망시장 선정방법을 적용하여 한국 입장에서 유망한 아프리카 10대 거점국가를 선정하고, 전략적 진출방안과 현지진출지원거점 확보방안을 제시하였다는 점에서 그 의의가 있다고 하겠다.

This study tries to screen the target country markets in Africa from the perspective of Korean firms and government. It applies both ‘gradual elimination method‘ and ‘indexing and ranking method‘ in the screening analysis. Regarding indexing and ranking task, this study adopts four indices, such as marketability, stability, future growth, and suitability. Each index group has many criteria, altogether thirty-three, for measuring the market potential of each African country. As indexing methods this study uses the ‘maximum and minimum index‘ and ‘cumulative distribution function index‘. The indexing and ranking tasks are done separately with and without consideration of trade volumes between Korea and respective African countries. Therefore, there are four different rankings from this two by two combination of indexing methods and trade data consideration. After applying the rule that if a country ranks within 10th in at least two rankings, the county is included in the list, this study selects 10 target country markets in Africa, such as South Africa, Tunisia, Nigeria, Algeria, Morocco, Egypt, Ghana, Tanzania, Libya, and Kenya. Based on measurements of indices that these ten target markets have scored, this study suggests four different cooperation strategies, such as active entry, managing risk, pioneering, and long-term approach. Also this study provides a policy recommendation to the Korean government that it should establish the Korean Business Centers (KBCs) in Tunisia, Ghana and Tanzania in which the KBCs are not yet located.

Our general objective is to measure the responsiveness offinancial market participants to the Bank of Englands target interest rate adjustments. Using ofji_cial Bank ofEngland interest rate data from 1975 to 1996, we find that British money market interest rate movements are positively and significantly related to the Bank of Englands target interest rate adjustments. Furthermore, the degree of response is conditional on whether its meeting dates were known in advance. We also find that British money market interest rates move in tandem with the Bank ofEnglands target interest rate adjustment prior to the adjustment., Furthermore, the Bank ofEnglands adjustments are inversely and significantly related to British equity returns, although the degree ofsensitivity ofequity returns is conditioned on the direction ofthe adjustment in target interest rates.

This study investigated the effect of target specific collectivism on organizational outcomes of Korean, Thailand, and Malaysian samples. We measured an individual's collectivism in relation to two target groups of supervisor and colleague. The relationship between target specific collectivism and organizational outcomes varied among three emerging nations. Supervisor and colleague collectivism had a positive association with organizational commitment in Korea, but not in Malaysia and Thailand. Colleague- collectivism was more important predictor of extra-role behavior in Korea and Malaysia than in Thailand. Despite some limitations, this paper shows that the target group collectivism is an important dimension to explain and predict organizational outcomes. Some implications and future studies were suggested.

본 연구는, 창의적 디자인이 혁신의 중요한 한 원천일 수 있다는 각성과, 혁신은 시장을 통해 완성된다는 인식에서 출발하였다. 그러한 관점에서 중국의 디자인 혁신과 그들이 지향하는 시장을 결부시키고, ‘중국의 디자인 혁신은 어떤 시장을 향해, 어떤 컨텐츠를 담고, 어디로부터 나아가는가’하는 연구질문에 답해 보고자 하였다. 2020년 중국이 수상한 iF 디자인상 수상작 844건의 프로필 정보를 데이터베이스화한 뒤, 로지스틱 분석과 LDA 토픽 모델링을 활용한 컨텐츠 분석을 실시하여, 중국 디자인의 글로벌 시장 지향을 결정하는 요인들을 파악하고, 서로 다른 범주의 시장(중국 국내, 아시아 권역, 글로벌 시장)을 지향하는 중국 디자인의 컨텐츠와 지역 특성을 파악하였다. 분석 결과, 중국의 전통문화 요소를 테마로 삼은 디자인은 상해를 중심으로 창출돼 아시아 권역 시장을 향하는 한편, 글로벌 시장은 심천을 중심으로 이뤄지는 기술 및 기능 중심의 제품 디자인 혁신을 통해 주로 공략하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 그로부터, 디자인 기반 중국 소프트 파워의 현주소도 점검할 수 있었다.

This study departs from the awareness that creative design can be an important source of innovation and the recognition that innovation is completed through the market. From that point of view, we tried to answer the research questions of ‘which market are China’s design innovations towards, what contents they contain, and where do they come from?’ After creating a database of the profile information of 844 China’s iF Design Award winners in 2020, the author conducted logistic regression analysis to identify factors that determine the global market orientation of Chinese designs and LDA topic modeling to compare Chinese designs aiming for different markets (i.e. Domestic, Asian regional, Global market) in terms of design contents and geographical origins. Through the analyses, we found that designs with the theme of traditional Chinese culture were created centered on Shanghai and headed for the Asian market, while the global market was mainly targeted through technology and function-oriented product design innovation centered in Shenzhen. Furthermore, we could briefly evaluate the current status of Chinese soft power emanating from the country’s design capability.

본 연구는 새로운 경제협력의 파트너로 부상하는 아프리카 국가들을 상대로 순차적 배제 방법과 지수화 및 순위 방법을 통해서 유망시장들을 체계적으로 선정하고, 이들 유망시장들에 대한 평가지표들에 대한 상호비교를 통한 전략적 진출방안과 현지진출지원 거점의 확보방안을 제시하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지수화 및 순위 방법과 관련하여 시장성, 안정성, 발전성 및 적합성 등 네 가지 지표를 설정하고, 각 지표별로 세부평가지표들을 설정하여 총 33개의 세부평가기준으로 아프리카 국가에 대한 분석을 실시했다. 지수화 방식으로는 최대․최소 지수화 방식과 누적분포 지수화 방식을 각각 적용했으며, 한국과의 무역의 반영여부와 결합하여 모두 네 가지 종합평가를 실시했다. 각 평가에 걸쳐서 10위 이내에 2번 이상 포함된 국가들인 남아프리카공화국, 튀니지, 나이지리아, 알제리, 모로코, 이집트, 가나, 탄자니아, 리비아, 케냐 등을 10개 국가를 유망시장으로 선정하였다. 그리고 이 선정결과와 각 평가 지표별 지수의 상호비교를 토대로 적극진출, 위험관리, 개척필요 및 장기접근 등으로 구분된 차별화된 진출전략을 제시하였다. 또한 10대 유망국가 중 아직도 지원거점이 설치되지 않은 튀니지, 가나, 탄자니아 등 3개 국가에 진출지원거점을 설치하는 방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 아프리카 전체 국가들 대상으로 광범위한 객관적 자료에 기반을 둔 체계적인 유망시장 선정방법을 적용하여 한국 입장에서 유망한 아프리카 10대 거점국가를 선정하고, 전략적 진출방안과 현지진출지원거점 확보방안을 제시하였다는 점에서 그 의의가 있다고 하겠다.

This study tries to screen the target country markets in Africa from the perspective of Korean firms and government. It applies both ‘gradual elimination method‘ and ‘indexing and ranking method‘ in the screening analysis. Regarding indexing and ranking task, this study adopts four indices, such as marketability, stability, future growth, and suitability. Each index group has many criteria, altogether thirty-three, for measuring the market potential of each African country. As indexing methods this study uses the ‘maximum and minimum index‘ and ‘cumulative distribution function index‘. The indexing and ranking tasks are done separately with and without consideration of trade volumes between Korea and respective African countries. Therefore, there are four different rankings from this two by two combination of indexing methods and trade data consideration. After applying the rule that if a country ranks within 10th in at least two rankings, the county is included in the list, this study selects 10 target country markets in Africa, such as South Africa, Tunisia, Nigeria, Algeria, Morocco, Egypt, Ghana, Tanzania, Libya, and Kenya. Based on measurements of indices that these ten target markets have scored, this study suggests four different cooperation strategies, such as active entry, managing risk, pioneering, and long-term approach. Also this study provides a policy recommendation to the Korean government that it should establish the Korean Business Centers (KBCs) in Tunisia, Ghana and Tanzania in which the KBCs are not yet located.