Earticle

본 연구에서는 Model A와 Model B 그리고 Model C의 총 3가지의 차축 모델을 이용하여 차축에 하중이 가해졌을 때의 차량 서포트빔에 대한 구조해석을 하였다. 3가지의 Model A, B, C를 비교해 보았을 때 등가응력은 Model C가 재료의 항복 응력보다 작게 나와서 그 내구성면에서 좋다고 사료된다. Model A와 Model B에서 발생한 최대 등가응력들은 항복응력보다 각각 1.8배와 2.5배이상 발생되어 재료가 파단됨을 보여 주고 있어 서포트빔으로서는 효율적으로 보이지 않는다. Model C가 Model A와 Model B에 비하여 그 내구성면에 있어서 효율적으로 차축 서포트 빔의 설계 향상에 응용할 수 있다. 본 연구 결과를 자동차 부품에 적용함으로서 자동차 서포트빔의 강도를 평가할 수 있다. 그리고 본 연구가 실제적으로 효율적인 설계와 미적인 융합에 적합하다고 보인다.

The structural analysis was performed at this study when the axle was loaded by using a total of three automotive support beam models, models A, B and C. Comparing with three models A, B, and C, the equivalent stress is considered to be good for its durability because model C is less than the yield stress of the material. The maximum equivalent stresses happening at models A and B are 1.8 times and 2.5 times higher than the yield stress, respectively, indicating that the material is fractured. So, it does not seem to be efficient as a support beam. Model C can be applied efficiently to the improvement design of axle support beams in terms of durability compared to models A and B. The strength of automotive support beam can be evaluated by applying this research result to the automotive part. And it is seen that this study is adequate at the efficient design and aesthetic convergence practically.

Relevance has a long history of scholarly investigation and discussion in information science. One of its notable concepts is that of 'user-based' relevance. The purpose of this study is to examine how users construct their perspective on the concept of relevance; to analyze what the constituent elements (facets) of relevance are, in terms of core-periphery status; and to compare the difference of constructions of two groups of users (information users vs. information professionals) as applied with a social representations theory perspective. Data were collected from 244 information users and 123 information professionals through use of a free word association method. Three methods were employed to analyze data: (1) content analysis was used to elicit 26 categories (facets) of the concept of relevance; (2) structural analysis of social representations was used to determine the core-periphery status of those facets in terms of coreness, sum of similarity, and weighted frequency; and, (3) maximum tree analysis was used to present and compare the differences between the two groups. Elicited categories in this study overlap with the ones from previous relevance studies, while the findings of a core-periphery analysis show that Topicality, User-needs, Reliability/Credibility, and Importance are configured as core concepts for the information user group, while Topicality, User-needs, Reliability/Credibility, and Currency are core concepts for the information professional group. Differences between the social representations of relevance revealed that Topicality was similar to User-needs and to Importance. Author is closely related to Title while Reliability/Credibility is linked with Currency. Easiness/Clarity is similar to Accuracy. Overall, information users and professionals function with a similar social collective of shared meanings for the concept of relevance. The overall findings identify the core and periphery concepts of relevance and their relationships in terms of coreness, similarity, and weighted frequency.

A large-scale analysis to evaluate complex material and structural behaviors is one of interesting topic in diverse engineering and scientific fields. Also, the utilization of massively parallel processors has been a recent trend of high performance computing. The objective of this paper is to introduce a parallel process system which consists of general purpose finite element analysis solver as well as parallelized PC cluster. The later was constructed using eight processing elements and the former was developed adopting both hierarchical domain decomposition method and balancing domain decomposition method. Then, to verify the efficiency of the established system, it was applied for structural analysis of steam generator in nuclear power plant. Since the prototypal evaluation results agreed well to the corresponding reference solutions it is believed that, after reinforcement of PC cluster by increasing number of processing elements, the promising parallel process system can be utilized as a useful tool for advanced structural integrity evaluation.

The premise of this research is the recent advancement of Building Information Modeling(BIM) Technology and Laser Scanning Technology(3D Scanning). The purpose of the paper is to amplify the potential offered by the combination of BIM and Point Cloud Data (PCD) for structural analysis. Today, enormous amounts of construction site data can be potentially categorized and quantified through BIM software. One of the extraordinary strengths of BIM software comes from its collaborative feature, which can combine different sources of data and knowledge. There are vastly different ways to obtain multiple construction site data, and 3D scanning is one of the effective ways to collect close-to-reality construction site data. The objective of this paper is to emphasize the prospects of pre-scanning and post-scanning automation algorithms. The research aims to stimulate the recent development of 3D scanning and BIM technology to develop Scan-to-BIM. The paper will review the current issues of Scan-to-BIM tasks to achieve As-Built BIM and suggest how it can be improved. This paper will propose a method of coordinating and utilizing PCD for construction and structural analysis during construction.

High-precision centerless grinding machines are emerging as a means of finishing the outer diameter grinding process required for ferrules, which are widely used as fiber optic connectors. In this study, a structural characteristic analysis and evaluation were carried out using a virtual prototype of a centerless grinding machine to realize systematic design technology and performance improvements required to manufacture ferrules. The prototype consisted of a concrete-filled bed, hydrostatic grinding wheel (GW) and regulating wheel (RW) spindle systems, a hydrostatic RW feed mechanism, a RW swivel mechanism, and on-machine GW and RW dressers. The loop stiffness values of the centerless grinding machine were estimated based on the relative displacements between the GW and RW caused by grinding forces. The simulated results illustrated that a concrete-filled bed considerably improved the structural stiffness and accuracy of a high-precision centerless grinding machine.

The objective of this work is to apply artificial neural networks for solving inverse problems in the structural optimization of a fiber optic pressure sensor. For the sensor under investigation to achieve a desired accuracy, the change in the distance between the tips of the two fibers due to the applied pressure should not interfere with the phase change due to the change in the density of the air between the two fibers. Therefore, accurate dynamic analysis and structural optimization of the sensor is essential to ensure the accuracy of the measurements provided by the sensor. To this end, a normal mode analysis and a transient response analysis of the sensor were performed by combining commercial finite element analysis package, MSC/NASTRAN, and MATLAB. Furthermore, a parametric study on the design of the sensor was performed to minimize the size of the sensor while fulfilling a number of constraints. In performing the parametric study, the need for a relationship between the design parameters and the response of the sensor was fulfilled by using a neural network. The whole process of the dynamic analysis using commercial finite element analysis package and the parameter optimization of the sensor were automated within the MATLAB environment.

Multiple brain imaging parameters have been used to study the pathophysiology of schizophrenia; however, the difficulties in data collection often limit the size of the sample. The purpose of this study was to compare the brain networks of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls using structural covariance analysis of datasets from multiple sites. We obtained a total sample of 652 patients and 415 healthy controls. When comparing schizophrenia patients and controls, 36 correlation coefficients between two ROIs exhibited significant group difference, including 23 out of the 68 brain regions defined in this study. The brain regions that demonstrated between-group differences in structural covariance were also associated with the symptom severity of schizophrenia and deficits in neurocognitive function in the patient group. Rather than focusing solely on brain deterioration and reduction to understand schizophrenia, the results of this study emphasize the need to consider the complex patterns of brain networks and explore how these structural relationships correlate with the clinical symptoms and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia patients.

We conducted and verified the structural safety analyses for a type B transport package for a radioactive waste drum. The type B package is used to transport one high-level radioactive waste drum from a waste facility to a temporary site in a nuclear power plant. It is important that the structural integrity of a type B transport package should be maintained under normal transport conditions such as the free drop test, the stacking test and the penetration test, and accident conditions of transport such as the 9 m height free drop test and the puncture test. Based on the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, Division 3 we evaluated the structural safety integrity of the type B package for a radioactive waste drum using finite element analysis. For the stacking test condition the maximum stress is a very low value when compared with the stress limits. The impact of the penetration bar on the overpack does not affect the containment part. For the free drop test condition and the puncture test condition the local stresses appear at the impact part and the containment part connected with the inner structure. The maximum stresses for all of the conditions are lower than the stress limits, so the structural integrity of the type B package for a radioactive waste drum was maintained. Also, the structural safety analyses were verified by using the data acquired from the 9 m drop and the puncture tests of the real model. The analytic accelerations of the 9 m drop test are similar to the test results. For the puncture test condition the analytic result is conservative when compared to the test. The analysis for the structural safety of the type B package reveals conservative results and it is proved that its structural integrity is maintained under normal and accident conditions of transport.

In order to shorten construction duration in high-rise project, construction company tried to make various system method toward simplifying construction method and shortening construction duration. Though high-rise tower-type residential project are growing, there are few case study. Then, the data for preliminary schedule planning in high-rise tower-type residential project are rare. This purpose of research shows construction method in structural work in high-rise tower-type residential project, suggests schedule planning in structural work through case studies. The structural work in high-rise tower-type residential project was divided 1) completion of form in lower part and 2) the typical floor under penthouse. The statistical analysis were done in two parts, the data from analysis were used in simulation. Finally, researcher confirmed the difference between real construction duration and the figure from simulation. The results shows that the more construction duration is long, the less ACS's cost is low. It means the effectiveness is increasing in ACS, if the floor number is high.

Purpose: This study was designed to construct and test a structural model of successful aging in older adults with osteoarthritis using the selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) strategy, and to identify the direct and indirect effects of various influencing factors. Methods: Physical factors, depression, healthcare provider, and family support were set as exogenous variables. Endogenous outcomes were the SOC strategy and successful aging. The 220 study participants were older adults (aged ≥65 years) and had degenerative osteoarthritis. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire administered between December 2019 and February 2020. Subsequently, the data were analyzed, and a hypothetical model was tested. The data were analyzed using SPSS Ver. 25.0 and AMOS Ver. 20. Results: Nine paths of the hypothetical model were changed to six modified routes, and a simple modified model was defined as this study’s final modified model, including increasing the goodness-of-fit. Variables influencing successful aging were depression (β=-.70, p=.002), healthcare provider support (β=.20, p=.002), family support (β=.14, p=.041), and the SOC strategy (β=.21, p=.020). For depression, the direct effect (β=-.70, p=.002), the indirect effect (β=-.07, p=.001), and the total effect (β=-.77, p=.006) on successful aging were statistically significant. For healthcare provider support, it was noted that the direct effect (β=.20, p=.002), the indirect effect (β=.02, p=.044), and the total effect (β=.23, p=.022) on successful aging were statistically significant. Conclusion: It is important to reduce depression and promote healthcare provider support for successful aging in older adults with osteoarthritis using the SOC strategy.

This paper aimed to explain the characteristics of North Korean English textbooks included in the textbook corpus analysis. The analysis mainly focused on the North Korean educational periodicals; 23 volumes of "Teachers' Propaganda Notebook" and 54 volumes of "People's Education". The analytic approach was 1) digitize all the English education-related articles included in the analytic materials, 2) use Nvivo 13 to categorize English education articles and their thematic propagation, and 3) relate the thematic categories to the North Korean leaders' statements. The findings were: Articles touch upon English education for the advancement of science and technology, the improvement of students' English skills, the enhancement of revolutionary ideology, and the improvement of English teachers' teaching and learning methods. These categories were derived from North Korean leaders' statements on occasions of field inspections, dialogues with newspapers, and conferences.

Performed here is a comparative assessment study for the probabilistic fracture mechanics approach of the pressurized thermal shock of the reactor pressure vessel. A round robin consisting of one prerequisite deterministic study and five cases for probabilistic approaches is proposed, and all organizations interested are invited. The problems are solved by the participants and their results are compared to issue some recommendation of best practices and to assure an understanding of the key parameters in this type of approach, like transient description and frequency, material properties, defect type and distribution, fracture mechanics methodology etc., which will be useful in the justification through a probabilistic approach for the case of a plant over-passing the screening criteria. Six participants from 3 organizations responded to the problem and their results are compiled and analyzed in this study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct and test a hypothetical model of self-management behavior in patients with chronic low back pain based on the results of previous studies and a literature review. Methods: Data from 218 outpatients with spinal disease who visited a university hospital from January 21 to August 3, 2021 with chronic back pain that had lasted for more than 3 months were collected and analyzed. Results: The goodness-of-fit of the final model satisfied recommendations (RMR=.01, RMSEA=.07, GFI=.97, NFI=.95, TLI=.92, CFI=.97). Negative illness perception directly and negatively influenced self-management behavior (β=-.15, p=.021), and also indirectly affected self-management behavior through self-efficacy (β=-.07, p=.007). Positive illness perception directly exerted a positive impact on self-management behavior. Active participation, internal health control, and self-efficacy all directly influenced self-management behavior. Conclusion: In order to improve self-management behavior in patients with chronic low back pain and spinal diseases, it is crucial to first determine whether the patient's perception of their illness is positive or negative. Patients should be encouraged to adopt a positive attitude towards their condition and to persist with self-management.

Purpose: It is essential to ensure the readiness for practice among undergraduate nursing students since the purpose of such education is to cultivate competent nurses who deliver high-quality and safe nursing. Astin's theory of student involvement suggests that this is affected by their personal factors and learning environment. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study between November 16, 2020 and December 21, 2020 which examined personal factors and aspects of the clinical learning environment among senior nursing students (n ¼ 838) enrolled across 54 nursing schools in Korea. The participants were asked to fill out a self-administered online survey, which assessed demographic characteristics, self-esteem, depression, work-life balance, clinical learning environment, anxiety during clinical practicum, and readiness for practice. Readiness for practice was measured using the Casey-Fink Readiness for practice survey. We used structural equational modeling to test our hypothetical model. Results: The nursing students' readiness for practice was significantly affected by their self-esteem, work-life balance satisfaction, and clinical learning environment. Anxiety during clinical practicum directly influenced their readiness for practice. Conclusion: Increasing self-esteem and work-life balance satisfaction, and improving their clinical learning environment by providing sufficient educational and clinical support, could help facilitate the transition from nursing schools to real-world practice for nursing students.

Project management information systems (PMIS) have been implemented to support cooperation among the participants of construction projects. Unlike other information systems used by members from an organization with similar culture and business environment, the PMIS are members from one-off fragmented project organization with diverse professional background. Successful operation is significantly affected by the tendencies of client's side and individual awareness of participants. In this regard, it is imperative to evaluate the success of the system based on the individual characteristics of PMIS users. Thus, this study proposes a method for determining the system success by analyzing the extent of the effects of system factors such as System Quality, Information Quality, and Service Quality and individual factors such as a user's IT application ability, Extrinsic Motivation to achieve User Satisfaction, and loyalty. Accordingly, a structural equation model (SEM), an effective tool to examine of the comprehensive structure of a causal relationship, is applied for analysis because the internal awareness of individuals is established as a variable.

Our nation has a problem with discrimination of income distribution and inefficient of resources distribution caused by real estate price rising from a sudden economy growth and industrialization. Specially, in recent years, there is a great disparity of apartment price between the north and south of the Han river. Because the housing price is decided by the immanent value of a house and neighborhood effects of the regional where the house is situated, the housing price is occurred difference. The purpose of study was to analyze the influence of various factors of housing price. Also, this study tried to predict real estate market and to establish previous effective real estate policy. In this study, we analyzed the differences of housing price determinants about apartment developments between the north and south of the Han river, and found the important factors that affect the housing price using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM). As a result of this study, the older the buildings are, the more the housing price and the housing price rising ratio have increased, in Gang Nam area. This reason is that these have large possibility to be reconstructed and many convenient facilities, in this area. In the case of Kang Buk area, the increase rate of housing price are so low that they couldn't take effect on the housing price and they were declined. So to speak, constructing the infrastructure which takes effect on the increase rate of housing price is very urgent.

Purpose: The global significance of the nursing workforce is widely recognized; however, in physiciandominated healthcare systems, interprofessional boundary conflicts can limit nursing autonomy andhinder efforts to expand its scope of practice. This study examines discourse network dynamics aroundnursing legislation in South Korea over two decades, focusing on policy-actor interactions and issuediversification during periods of legislative deadlock and eventual breakthrough. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal discourse network analysis of 2,876 parliamentary speechesfrom the South Korean National Assembly across three periods: deadlock (2005?2006), transition (2019?2023), and breakthrough (2024). Latent Dirichlet allocation identified eight topics. Two network typeswere constructed: actor networks based on coparticipation in meetings and issue networks based ontopic similarity. Network-level metrics (density and centralization) and node-level centrality measureswere calculated. Results: Actor network density increased from 0.545 (deadlock) to 0.663 (breakthrough), whilecentralization decreased from 0.050 to 0.012 (transition), indicating a shift from concentrated control todistributed connectivity. Betweenness centrality shifted from concentration among experts (deadlock:0.545) to distribution among legislators (breakthrough: 0.024 for both progressive and conservativeparties), indicating structural changes in brokerage patterns. Issue network density remained stable atapproximately 0.500 across all periods, suggesting consistent discourse content despite substantialchanges in interaction patterns. Conclusion: Policy breakthrough coincided with structural changes in the actor network, characterizedby higher density, lower centralization, and distributed brokerage across ideological divides. Thesefindings advance methodology through discourse network analysis of nursing legislation, offer theoretical insights into network restructuring during policy change, and provide practical guidance forhealthcare workforce advocacy in contexts of professional boundary conflicts.

Recently, there has been inter-Korean exchanges are active, in company with an assertive international activity with North Korea and inter-Korean Summits. Thus, there is a growing possibility of Korean reunification. However, when the unification situation occurs, population inflow by North Korean residents will be expected, and it will be necessary to prepare a housing supply strategy. In addition, even if North Koreans are prevented from entering, a plan is necessary to ensure structural safety since most buildings in North Korea are aging and a recent natural disaster occurs frequently. In this research, we will try to present a temporary housing supply strategy and a short-term structural reinforcement plan based on analysis of the standard housing conditions in North Korea. In this research, we represent the analysis result of the existing construction level, supply status and structural performance of North Korea. When we consider the reinforcement period and social costs, a short-term reinforcement plan is recommended rather than the full reinforcement of the aged housing in North Korea. Furthermore, we examine the ways to secure the residential safety of North Koreans through a case study of domestic and overseas temporary residential facilities, until the permanent residential facilities were supplied. According to the analysis, the tent houses were used as a form of relief housing in overseas frequently. However, the tent house is difficult to apply for domestic country with clear seasons due to insulation and heating problems. Therefore, it is appropriate to develop a residential supply strategy as focusing on the temporary housing facilities in assembled or container from, in preparation for the future population inflow.

This paper investigates Korean drama viewing motivation's impact on Chinese consumers' cosmetics purchase intention using PLS-SEM with 458 valid responses. Five motivation dimensions (Cultural Curiosity, Drama Appeal, Cultural Proximity, Interpersonal Influence, Viewing Habits) were examined through two mediating variables: Korean Cultural Affinity and Korean Visitation Intention. All twelve hypotheses were significant. Cultural Curiosity demonstrated the strongest effect on Korean Cultural Affinity (β = 0.318), while Interpersonal Influence most impacted Korean Visitation Intention (β = 0.400). Notably, Korean Cultural Affinity exhibited greater influence on purchase intention (β = 0.501) than Korean Visitation Intention (β = 0.256), revealing that cultural connection supersedes travel interest in driving cosmetics consumption. The model achieved 49.5% explanatory power for purchase intention variance. This research fills a gap by identifying specific consumption mechanisms beyond general Korean Wave influence offering strategic insights for Korean cosmetics brands targeting Chinese markets.

본 연구는 전국 190개 지방자치단체의 보육안전 관련 303개 조례, 총 4,179개 조문을 대상으로 텍스트마이닝과 사회연결망분석을 적용하여 보육안전정책의 구조적 특성을 분석하였다. 분석 대상 조례는 6개 정책 유형으로 분류하였다. 키워드 빈도 및 TF-IDF 분석 결과, ‘아동’, ‘보호’, ‘아동학대’, ‘피해아동’등이 핵심 키워드로 도출되어 취약 아동 보호 중심의 정책 특성을 확인하였다. LDA 토픽모델링 결과, 예방·보호·복지서비스·시설운영·교육관리 등이 결합된 다층적 정책 구조가 형성되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 사회연결망분석에서는 ‘아동’과 ‘보호’가 정책 네트워크의 중심 허브 역할을 수행하는 것으로 확인되었으며, ‘지역사회’, ‘위원회’, ‘격리’ 등은 주요 매개 키워드로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 보육안전 정책이 예방·대응·보호 및 지역사회 협력을 포괄하는 통합적 거버넌스 체계를 형성하고 있음을 보여준다. 본 연구는 지방자치단체 보육안전정책의 구조를 실증적으로 규명하였으며, 향후 지역사회 기반 협력체계 강화와 통합적 보육안전정책 수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공한다.

This study analyzed the structural characteristics of childcare safety policies using text mining and social network analysis of 303 ordinances and 4,179 provisions from 190 local governments. The ordinances were classified into six policy categories. Keyword frequency and TF-IDF analyses identified “child,” “protection,” “child abuse,” and “victimized child” as key terms, highlighting a focus on vulnerable child protection. LDA topic modeling revealed a multilayered structure integrating prevention, protection, welfare services, facility operation, and education management. Social network analysis identified “child” and “protection” as central hubs, while “local community,” “committee,” and “isolation” served as key bridging terms. These findings indicate an integrated governance system encompassing prevention, response, protection, and community collaboration. This study empirically demonstrates the structure of local childcare safety policies and provides a basis for strengthening community-based collaboration and integrated childcare safety policies.