Earticle

본 연구는 국방 무기체계 연구개발의 추진방향과 주요 현황 등을 확인하면서 미래 전장 환경을 선도할 수 있는 국방과학기술의 육성과 지원방안을 모색하기 위한 목적으로 진행이 되었다. 국내의 국방 무기체계 연구개발 추진 환경과 국방예산 추이, 예산 재정소요 전망, 투자 효율성 등을 살펴보고, 주요 선진국의 방위산업과 국방 연구개발 정책 등을 통해서 국방 무기체계의 특수성과 특징을 분석함으로써 발전적인 국방 연구개발 정책의 추진 시 고려사항을 제언하였다. 연구를 통해 앞으로 국방 연구개발 분야 추진 간 예산의 효율적 배분과 활용방안 등이 심도 있게 논의되어야 하겠으며, 민간 방산업체 주도 하 국방 연구개발 투자를 유도할 수 있는 정책적, 제도적 방안도 검토가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

The purpose of this study is to find the direction and main status of the research and development of the defense weapon system, and to find out how to foster and support the defense science technology that can lead the future battlefield environment. It analyzes the characteristics of the defense weapon system through the defense industry and defense research and development policies of the major advanced countries and examines the characteristics of the defense weapon system. Suggesting the consideration of the implementation of the national R & D policy. Through the research, efficient allocation and utilization of budgets among defense research and development fields will be discussed in depth, It is necessary to examine policy and institutional measures to induce defense R & D investment led by private defense companies.

본 연구는 반도체장비 제조기업의 연구개발 애로사항을 해결하고 올바른 제조기업의 이해를 위해 환경의 변화와 특성을 파악하여 연구개발 투자 환경의 조성과 조직의 효율적 운영방안을 구축하고, 반도체장비 제조기업의 성장을 위한 최우선 과제인 연구개발 환경의 중요 요인을 분석하고 그에 따른 시스템 구축과 효율적인 활용 방안을 모색하는데 중점을 두었다. 한편 반도체 장비기업의 연구 환경 분석을 통하여 연구모형 및 이론적 틀을 만들고 그에 대한 여러 가설을 설정하였고, 실증분석을 위해 각 부문 간의 상호연관 관계들을 조사하였으며, 그에 따른 설문을 실시하여 얻어진 모형을 토대로 실증적으로 분석 하였다. 연구자로서의 사명감과 회사의 발전에 기여하며, 기술과 능력이 효율적으로 활용되도록 환경을 지속적으로 분석하고, 개선하는 계기가 되었으면 한다.

This investigation have been concentrated on getting over the difficulty in Researching and Developing dept (R&D), which company manufactures the semiconductor equipment, grasping the change &special character of environment to understand right manufacturing companies, creating the proper environment to invest R &D, establishing the foundation of efficient operating plan in organization. Also, we analyzed the key points of R &D environment, which is the first priority assignment to promote manufacturing company of the semiconductor equipment quickly, driving away the relevant systems accordingly and groping the efficient applying device. On the other hand, We made theoretical framework through the analyze R &D for the semiconductor equipment company, set up hypothesis based on this frame, searched the mutual relationships between the relevant sections and parties to show the actual evidence, And then we analyzed actually based on model droved from questionnaires, Hopefully, this investigation will be the good opportunity to improve all the points and look into the environment to make the best use of the technology &capability. So, we sincerely expect to make a contribution for developing the company with the sense of mission and responsibility as investigator.

The purpose of this study is to research and development of 'Korea B(Benefit)-impact Model' for Sustainable Development. A concept evaluation model is 'B(Benefit)-impact model' in U.S.A. We use the results of surveys that examined the importance of social value issues to stakeholders in Korea to implement the benefit-impact model in Korea. In particular, in this paper, we use the KSI(Korean Sustainability Index) survey data conducted by the Korea Standards Association to evaluate the social value of the construction industry for representative stakeholders in the construction industry. The social value pool and the activity indicator pool used for the survey are created based on relevant International Standards; ISO 26000, ISO 14001, ISO 37001. As a result, Korea B-impact model for construction industry included the following five core social value issues; Strengthen transparency of corporate management, Ensure fair employment and employment relations, Efforts to prevent corruption, Conduct fair competition, Efforts to prevent environmental pollution. In addition, the US B-impact model has three limitations. First, it is unclear whether the key indicators have been derived while considering all issues of social value. Second, US B-impact model indicators are developed by the social responsibility experts, so it is necessary to review by stakeholders in each industry. Finally, it would be more effective for companies to use the B-impact model index as a more detailed activity indicator. When developing a Korea B-impact model, the following methods are used to supplement it. First, we reviewed all social value issues using international standards. Secondly, we used the KSI(Korean Sustainability index) survey results to derive the importance of the social value issue of construction industry in Korea. Finally, we have clearly matched the activity indicators by social value core issues based on the GRI Standard so that companies can actually use the Korea B-impact model for the construction sector. The detailed development stages and results of this study are as follows;.

Industrial integration is the innovative embodiment of regional economic theory. The promotion of industrial integration is conducive to improving the scale effect and spillover effect of the industry. Also, it has the power to radiate, drive, and lead the innovation and development of the whole industrial cluster. The purpose of this paper was to identify the most suitable development pattern of the ice-snow sports tourism industry in Zhangjiakou, one of the host cities of the 2022 Winter Olympics. This study combs the characteristics of the development of the ice-snow sports industry, and analyzes the current situation of the industry in Zhangjiakou based on the SWOT-AHP method. This paper argues that the integrated industry is the most suitable development pattern for the promotion of the ice-snow culture industry in Zhangjiakou. The following content will present effective countermeasures to accelerate the development of the ice-snow culture industry integration in Zhangjiakou from three aspects: industrial resource integration, industrial chain layout, and scientific and technological innovation. The IT live simulation technique facilitates identifying some vital elements during the data collection.

Chinese TBM industry has rapidly developed over the past decade, while China can beregarded as the most remarkable TBM market in the world. After sixty years of development, China already has a complete set of technologies in all domains of TBM, including design, manufacturing, operation and tunnel construction, which are still evolving. The growth of the technology is a result of continuous research and development by the industry and academia under the strongly support from Chinese government. Inorder to complete independent technology development and play a leading role in the global TBM market, the strategy of China has a good reference value for Korea. The history of TBM technology in China was reviewed, and the major research projects and achievements were summarized. Finally, through the implications from the Chinese case, the research and development of TBM technology in Korea and its future research topics were discussed.

Research data means data used or created in the course of research or experiments. Research data is very important for validation of research conducted and for use in future research and projects. Recently, convergence research between various fields and international cooperation has been continuously done due to the explosive increase of research data and the increase in the complexity of science and technology. Developed countries are actively promoting open science policies that share research results and processes to create new knowledge and values through convergence research. Communities to promote the sharing and utilization of research data such as RDA (Research Data Alliance) and COAR (Confederation of Open Access Repositories) are active, and various platforms for managing and sharing research data are being developed and used. OpenAIRE (Open Access Infrastructure for Research In Europe), a research data platform in Europe, ARDC (Australian Research Data Commons) in Australia, and IRDB (Institutional Repositories DataBase) in Japan provide research data or research data related services. Korea has been establishing and implementing a research data sharing and utilization strategy to promote the sharing and utilization of research data at the national level, led by the central government. Based on this strategy, KISTI has been building a Korean research data platform (DataON) since 2018, and has been providing research data sharing and utilization services to users since January 2020. This paper reviews the characteristics of DataON and how it is used for research by showing its applications.

The purpose of this paper is to explore how the Confucius Institute Chinese international promotion could better promote the development of China's foreign trade, by analyzing the distribution of the Confucius Institute worldwide, based on the theory of language economics, using SWOT analysis to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the internal environment, opportunities and challenges of the external environment of Chinese international promotion of Confucius Institute. The following findings were gathered: as a language teaching institution and information exchange platform, Confucius Institute has the ability to share trade information and increase trade opportunities; to improve cultural identity and reduce transaction costs; to promote cultural communication and integration, and drive the development of related industries. The internal disadvantages were mainly reflected in the mismatch between the global regional distribution structure of Confucius Institutes, and the economic and trade structure, such as, the asymmetry between language, culture output, and demand. In addition, the management mechanism was not perfect. External opportunities were mainly new opportunities brought by economic globalization, cultural diversity, and the development of the Belt and Road initiative. External challenges were mainly influenced by the China threat theory and the fierce cultural competition among countries. The corresponding countermeasures were put forward based on the advantages of the platform and grasping the external opportunities: improving the quality of operation and speeding up the localization process; respecting cultural differences and realizing cultural common learning; seeking multilateral cooperation and enhancing the capacity for independent development.

The purpose of this study is to develop an evaluation index for evaluating the economic value of libraries. To this end, a preliminary evaluation index was derived from analyzing a total of approximately 60 domestic and foreign papers that examined the value of libraries. Based on the derived preliminary evaluation index, 11 experts were selected and the final evaluation index was developed by conducting the Delphi survey for 3 times. The final evaluation index consists of four evaluation areas, such as the economic value of the public library, economic revitalization, manpower development and job creation, and the improved investment value, seven evaluation items, and 22 evaluation indices. In the future, it will be necessary to conduct research to measure the economic value of public libraries.

Purpose: Given the impact of information technologies, the research environment for humanities scholars is transforming into digital scholarship. This study presents a foundational investigation for developing digital scholarship (DS) research support services. It also proposes a plan for sustainable information services through examining the current status of DS in Korea, as well as accessing, processing, implementing, disseminating, and preserving interdisciplinary digital data. Methods: Qualitative interview data were collected from September 7 to 11, 2020. The inter-views were conducted with scholars at the research director level who had participated in the DS research project in Korea. Data were coded using Nvivo 14, and cross-analysis was performed among researchers to extract central nodes and derive service elements. Results: This study divided DS into five stages: research plan, research implementation, publishing results, dissemination of research results, and preservation and reuse. This paper also presents the library DS information services required for each stage. The characteristic features of the DS research cycle are the importance of collaboration, converting analog resources to data, data modeling and technical support for the analysis process, humanities data curation, drafting a research data management plan, and international collaboration. Conclusion: Libraries should develop services based on open science and data management plan policies. Examples include a DS project liaison service, data management, datafication, digital publication repositories, a digital preservation plan, and a web archiving service. Data sharing for humanities research resources made possible through international collaboration will contribute to the expansion of new digital culture research.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop the modified research utilization questionnaire (MRUQ) and to establish its content and face validity, construct validity, and reliability. Methods: This study has a multiphase (three phases), methodological, and cross-sectional design. First, research utilization questionnaire (RUQ) was translated into Italian, which is the target language to develop the M-RUQ. Second, the RUQ psychometric proprieties were assessed using exploratory factorial analysis to identify ambiguous or problematic items (e.g., cross-loadings) (cross-sectional sampling A). The RUQ modification (i.e., item deleting, wording modification, and scoring procedure) represented the development of the M-RUQ among Italian nurses. The third phase was aimed to confirm the construct validity of the M-RUQ and to test its stability and internal consistency (crosssectional sampling B). Results: This study's findings show that M-RUQ has a three-dimensional structure and a total of 22 items. The M-RUQ shows evidence of validity and reliability. Precisely, the factorial structure coming from an exploratory factorial analysis on the first sample (n ¼ 504) was confirmed by a final model of confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) on a second sample (n ¼ 362). The final CFA model showed adequate goodness of fit, where all the factor loadings showed values higher than .40. Cronbach's a was satisfactory for each domain and for the overall scale. Furthermore, the M-RUQ showed good stability described by the testeretest. Conclusion: The M-RUQ should be used to assess research utilization among nurses for educational or research purposes to address the practice. Further research about its validity and reliability is suggested.

The author analyses the challenging activities of Japanese libraries in this decade by launching two keywords; "product-sharing" and "outcome generation." "Product-sharing" means that libraries share knowledge, skills, and records which are produced as the result of the services or in the process of activities. And "outcome generation" means that libraries generate any efficiency or effectiveness through their services to users. Using these concepts, reported are the current situation and aspects of Japanese libraries which try to make various contributions to the society; research and learning of the people, and education and training for professional librarians, and so on. In the analysis, the author shows some examples of "product-sharing" at first, including the records of reference transaction and the multi-functioned online public access catalogue. Especially, focused is on the various possibility and adoptability of the Collaborative Reference Database System of the National Diet Library of Japan. This system is one of digital reference service in Japan, and the database of reference transaction records is expected to be useful for research and academic studyies as knowledge-base of professional librarians. And the system is also expected to be a platform for LIS education and professional development in the e-learning environment. Secondly, as the examples of "outcome generation", explained are the problem-solving-type activities, and provision of the collection about books on struggling against disease and illness. A few examples of outcome in the problem-solving-type activities are these; increase of sales in the services for shop managers, business persons, and entrepreneurs, contribution to affluent daily life by providing the local information services to residents and neighbourhoods, and etc. And for both the patients with serious cases and their family or those who nurse them, books about other persons' notes or memorandum are the greatest support, and sometime healing. The author discuss the 'raison d'etre' of these activities focusing on public libraries in Japan.

Participants in Open Source Software (OSS) development projects usually contribute voluntarily without expecting direct compensation for their work. One of the central puzzles raised by the success of OSS is the motivation of the participants; why top-notch programmers choose to write software that is released for no fee. In order to respond to this peculiarity employing a meta-research method, we first identify and review theoretical perspectives from diverse disciplines including economics, sociology, political science, anthropology, psychology, and management. Then, we suggest a comprehensive framework that provides a holistic understanding of the puzzle in question. Reviewing key empirical studies based on the suggested framework, we also suggest a future research agenda.

This study aims to clarify the regional role, usage status, and evaluation of various outdoor destinations, such as parks and plazas. For preschoolers and their parents, who spend relatively limited time with their children, outdoor playgrounds such as parks are valuable places. This study discusses the characteristics of such places in each region. Forty five parents from Setagaya-ku, To-kyo, and Tama City were part of the study. The results were organized by region using photographs, positions, evaluations, and description information from the parks by the caption evaluation method to find the most effective placement of these areas.

Over the past two decades following the 1990s, South Korea's IT industry has developed rapidly. In keeping with this trend, the architectural and urban planning sectors have also converged with IT and achieved advancement in new directions. This evolution includes a variety of conceptual terminologies such as 'home automation', ''home network', 'smart home, and 'ubiquitous-city'. However, smart homes and U-cities simply represent a conceptual extension of home networks, and there is little real difference in the technologies involved. In particular, U-cities remain focused on infrastructure rather than on the development of specific content; consequently, they have failed to demonstrate distinctive features to clearly differentiate themselves from conventional cities. In such a context, this research aims at the proposal of a 'ubiquitous pavilion' as a component of the efforts to develop a range of architectural contents that utilize ubiquitous technologies. By grafting the pavilion, one of the most basic forms in architecture, with cutting-edge ubiquitous technologies, this paper intends to suggest a multi-purpose architectural space readily and simply available not only in newly emerging U-cities, but to conventional cities as well.

Purpose: This study aims to develop a systematic classification system for efficiently managing and utilizing information related to industry-academia-research cooperation, addressing the gaps in structured data management. Methodology: The study employs literature review, case studies, expert interviews (FGI), and integrated analysis. A hierarchical decimal coding system was designed to ensure logical organization and accessibility of data. Findings: The proposed classification system comprises six major categories-organization, infrastructure, workforce development, entrepreneurship and employment, research and development, and commercialization-enhancing data usability and policy support. Implication: This study provides a foundational framework for managing industry-academia-research cooperation information, contributing to ecosystem sustainability. Future work should focus on governance policies for data protection, quality control, and institutional accountability.

Modern SPT(sand play therapy) is evolving from individual psychotherapy based on empiricist psychology to group therapy based on evidence-based psychology. However, there is no systematic literature study on SP(Sand Play) group therapy, and recent reviews of SPT also did not systematically distinguish between group therapy and individual therapy. Therefore, this study systematically reviewed the literature on SP group therapy, which is developing into evidence-based psychology based on empiricist psychology, and explored the development process of group therapy. SP group therapy is a psychotherapy method that has been applied in various clinical settings around the world since the 1980s. SP group therapy developed unique therapeutic characteristics of SP group therapy while sharing therapeutic factors such as‘play, transfer, meditation, and symbolism’of SPT. This study summarizes the beginning and development process of SP group therapy applied in countries around the world, and seeks to find out the therapeutic characteristics of SP group therapy by classifying the period of development process. To this end, a total of 40 academic journal studies were selected through a preliminary research on international sand play group therapy between 1980 and 2021, and analyzed focusing on 'research contents' and 'treatment methods'. SP group therapy began with exploration from the 1980s to 2022, and developed into the period of qualitative research and evidence-based research, strengthening the evidence base of SPT. This study is meaningful in that it is the first study to explore the development process and therapeutic characteristics of SP group therapy.

Wood/Bamboo scrimber is a kind of biomass composite material, which is recombined with wood/bamboo cell unit and resin, which has been widely used in the field of architecture, outdoor flooring, door, window, and landscape, etc. The technical connotation, cross-response mechanism and manufacturing regulatory mechanism of bamboo unit, heat treatment, resin impregnation, drying and modeling process were discussed and summarized with the performance evaluation and functional application of wood/bamboo scrimber. In this study, we introduced the development and issue of wood/bamboo scrimber and discussed the related basic research and technique innovation. We developed super-thin veneer as unit to make oriented wood scrimber and researched the application of bio-adhesive. The results showed that the dimensional stability and bending strength were higher than the traditional OSB. Moreover, the effect of adhering mechanism with combination of lignin degradation and resin on physical and mechanical properties were discussed. It was performed that lignin degradation with higher temperature played an important role in adhering process. Overall, the above study could provide theoretical and technical support of scientific application.