Earticle

Purpose: Wordvice AI Proofreader is a recently developed web-based artificial intelligencedriven text processor that provides real-time automated proofreading and editing of user-input text. It aims to compare its accuracy and effectiveness to expert proofreading by human editors and two other popular proofreading applications?automated writing analysis tools of Google Docs, and Microsoft Word. Because this tool was primarily designed for use by academic authors to proofread their manuscript drafts, the comparison of this tool’s efficacy to other tools was intended to establish the usefulness of this particular field for these authors. Methods: We performed a comparative analysis of proofreading completed by the Wordvice AI Proofreader, by experienced human academic editors, and by two other popular proofreading applications. The number of errors accurately reported and the overall usefulness of the vocabulary suggestions was measured using a General Language Evaluation Understanding metric and open dataset comparisons. Results: In the majority of texts analyzed, the Wordvice AI Proofreader achieved performance levels at or near that of the human editors, identifying similar errors and offering comparable suggestions in the majority of sample passages. The Wordvice AI Proofreader also had higher performance and greater consistency than that of the other two proofreading applications evaluated. Conclusion: We found that the overall functionality of the Wordvice artificial intelligence proofreading tool is comparable to that of a human proofreader and equal or superior to that of two other programs with built-in automated writing evaluation proofreaders used by tens of millions of users: Google Docs and Microsoft Word.

본 연구는 조선 후기 개인문집 간행 시 책판교정에 대하여 朴祥(1474∼1530)의 문집 ｢訥齋集｣을 한 사례로 살펴본 것이다. ｢눌재집｣은 1547년 錦山에서 초간된 후 光山(1694), 完營(1796), 光州(1843) 등 호남지역을 중심으로 네 차례 간행되었다. 모두 부임한 지방관이 간행을 주도하였으며, 특히 본 연구의 대상이 되는 四刊本 ｢눌재집｣은 1841년 광주 明倫堂에 보관 중이던 ｢눌재집｣ 책판이 燒失되어 憲宗이 光州牧使 趙徹永에게 명하여 1843년에 광주에서 간행된 것이다. 본 연구를 위해 사간본 ｢눌재집｣의 교정쇄와 책판, 그리고 완성본을 대조하였다. 교정쇄의 교정 지시에 따라 책판이 교정된 모습과 그 방법을 확인하였고, 인출본에 어떻게 반영되었는가를 확인하여 그 현황을 정리하였다. ｢눌재집｣의 교정쇄본은 경북대학교 중앙도서관에 16권 6책이 소장되어 있으며, 책판은 광주시립민속박물관이 2004년 충주박씨 문중으로부터 200여판을 기증받아 소장해오고 있다. 인쇄과정에서는 각수의 판각오류를 바로잡는 교정이 주를 이루지만 최종원고를 확정하는 과정에서 이루어져야 할 내용에 대한 교정도 상당히 많이 이루어짐을 확인하였으며, 자획의 교정은 탈획을 바로잡는 교정이 전체의 87%로 가장 많이 발생하였다. ｢눌재집｣ 책판 교정에서 주목할 점은 字法에 맞지 않는 형태의 글자인 訛字의 수정방법이다. 와자는 각수의 字形에 대한 이해 부족에 기인하여 엉뚱한 형태의 글자로 새긴 것인데 탈획 다음으로 많은 교정이 이루어진 부분이다. 이를 통해 자형에 대한 이해는 책판 제작의 각수가 갖추어야 할 중요한 요건중의 하나임을 알 수 있었다.

This study examined Parksang’s (1474∼1530) set of books as an example about correcting the printed wood-piece while publishing its own set of books in later period of Chosun dynasty. Nuljaejib was published four times based in Honam area which it was first published in 1547 in Geumsan, then Gwangsan(1694), Wanyoung(1796), and Gwangju(1843). Every assigned examiners led the publication, and especially, This study’s main topic Nuljaejib was published in 1843 in Gwangju by Heonjong ordering to Gwangju Moksa Cho Cheulyoung after it was burned in Gwangju Myungyoondang in 1841. For this study, the proofs of Nuljaejib and printed wood and the final copy were contrasted. We confirmed the corrected image of the printed wood and its procedures were confirmed according to the correcting instructions of the proofs, and organized its procedures by figuring out how it was reflected on the printed copy. 16 volumes of 6 books of the book combined with each piece of proofs of Nuljaejib is kept at Kyungbuk University Central Library, and 200 printed woods that are donated by Chungju Park family are kept in Gwangju Minicipal Folk Museum. Although fixing the error of the engraver form a state in the printing process, it was confirmed that there are a lot of corrections to be made in the process of confirming the final copy. Also, correcting the missed number of strokes occurred the most with 87%. An important thing to remember when proofreading Nuljaejib printed wood is the way of correcting abnormal letters inappropriate with the rule of writing. Abnormal letters occurred due to engraver’s lack of understanding of letters which requires second most corrections after correcting the missed number of strokes. From this, it is known that understanding the form of letter is one of the important requirements that engraver of the printed wood must have.

점역ㆍ교정사의 자격제도에 관한 인식을 조사하고자 전ㆍ현직 점역ㆍ교정사 147명에게 설문 조사를 하였다. 자료처리는 빈도 분석이나 자격유형 및 자격급수에 따라 차이 분석을 하였다. 자격증 취득 이유는 직무의 전문성을 위해서가 가장 많았으며, 대부분이 상위 자격증을 취득하고자 함을 알 수 있었다. 수행 업무는 점역 교정 이외의 업무 비중이 높다고 응답하였다. 업무 만족도는 보통 이하 수준이었으며, 업무량의 적정성에 있어서는 교정사가 점역사보다 유의미하게 긍정적으로 나타났다. 자격증의 효용성은 급여나 지위에는 부정적이었으며, 고용 유지는 점역사가 교정사보다 유의미하게 높음을 알 수 있었다. 자격증 취득 방법 중 지필시험이 적절성에 있어서 낮았으며, 1급이 2급이나 3급보다 유의미하게 낮았다. 발전 방안에서 점자지도사의 신설이나 전담 협회, 점역교정사의 분리, 검정제도의 현장 반영을 크게 요구함을 알 수 있었다. 취득자 증가에서 교정사가 점역사보다 더 많이 요구했다. 검정제도의 적정성에 있어서 1급이 2급보다 더 낮게, 분리와 전담협회의 필요성에 있어서는 1급이 3급에 비해 유의미하게 높게 나타났다. 결론으로 교정사와 점역사의 분리, 검정제도 방법의 현장성 반영, 점자지도사 신설을 제안하였다.

In order to analyze perceptions of transcribers and proofreaders towards a qualification system, this study surveyed 147 of current and former transcribers and proofreaders. The most common reason for acquiring professional certification was the need for expertise for a task or institution. Most of the respondents wanted to acquire a higher-level certification. Job satisfaction was low. Regarding workload, proofreaders' responses were significantly positive compared to transcribers' responses. The efficiency of the certification was negative regarding wages and position. Regarding the appropriateness of the certification system, the respondents gave lower scores to a paper-and-pencil test. The respondents with the first-level certification gave the test significantly lower scores than those with the second-level or third-level certification did. In the improvement plan section, the respondents requested to create a braille instructor system or institution that is exclusively responsible for braille instructors. They also requested the division between transcribers and proofreaders, and the inclusion of practice in the qualification process.Regarding the appropriateness of the certification system, the respondents with the first-level certification gave the current system significantly lower scores than those with the second-level certification. In conclusion, the study suggested the separation of transcribers and proofreaders, the inclusion of practice in the qualification process, and the establishment of a braille instructor system.