Earticle

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effects of a novel training program that integrates ultrasound technology to enhance the palpation skills of physical therapy students. The program was designed to support students in developing more precise palpation techniques by using ultrasound as a supplementary tool for anatomical identification. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: A total of twenty students, all enrolled in the physical therapy department at S University, who met the specified selection criteria, were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the experimental group (EG, n=10) or the control group (CG, n=10). The experimental group participated in an ultrasound-assisted palpation training program, while the control group did not receive this intervention. Results:The experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in their ability to accurately palpate anatomical landmarks, specifically the long head of the biceps brachii (LHBT) and the lateral joint line of the knee (LJLK), as well as an increased level of confidence in their palpation skills (p<0.05). A comparative analysis of changes from pre- to post-training revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that the ultrasound-assisted training program can provide valuable educational benefits, offering foundational data to enhance the development of palpation skills in physical therapy students and making a meaningful contribution to educational research within the field.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and implement an artificial intelligence (AI) based cognitive-responsive tutor system for healthcare students and evaluate its effectiveness in regard to improving learning achievement through pre- and post-assessment analyses. Design: one-group pre-post exploratory design Methods: Fifty physical therapy students participated in an experimental study conducted at Kyungbok University using an AI-based cognitive-responsive tutor system that applied Deep Knowledge Tracing (DKT) and Bayesian Knowledge Tracing (BKT) models to analyze the knowledge states of learners. Participants completed ten adaptive learning sessions, and pre- and post-assessments were compared using paired t-tests to evaluate changes in learning achievement. Results: Among the 50 participants, posttest scores increased compared to pretest scores after 10 days of AI-based tutoring, although the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). A significant correlation was observed between the system scores and the number of solved questions (p = 0.001). In the lower 50% subgroup (n = 25), the posttest scores significantly improved compared to the pre-test scores (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Although the overall score improvements were not statistically significant, the AI tutoring system showed modest potential as a supplementary tool that supports repeated practice and immediate feedback, particularly for students with lower baseline performance. These findings are preliminary and should be interpreted with caution, highlighting the need for further research onenhanced system features and more rigorous study designs.

Purpose: This study examined the effects of a positioning education program through the brochure or oral explanations for the parents of premature infants with a brain lesion and investigated the satisfaction level of physical therapy of parents of premature infants with a brain lesion. Methods: Forty parents of premature infants with a brain lesion participated in this study. The recruited premature infants were randomized into groups A (n=20) and B (n=20) for the purpose of the positioning education method through brochure or oral explanations. The level of satisfaction and recognition for the positioning education program was investigated by the parents of 12 month old infants. The gross motor function, measure-88, was examined at three months, six months, nine months, and twelve months of the corrected age. Results: No significant differences in the recognition of the position education program, level of satisfaction of the environment, and the attitude of the therapist were noted (p>0.05). Significantly high levels of satisfaction with the program of group B given the brochure were noted. The gross motor function measure-88 was also similar in both groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that the parents were satisfied with the positioning education program of the brochure. The differences in educational methods did not affect the development of premature infants.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intensively complex physical therapy program on pain, range of motion (ROM) and muscle function in traumatic low back injury by industrial accident. Design: Prospective study Methods: Eight patients with traumatic low back injury by industrial accident participated in this study. They were treated the intensively complex physical therapy program including daily 60 minutes therapist supervised physical therapy at 5 times a week and 30 minutes manual therapy at 5 times a week in 12 weeks. Evaluation was performed before the commencement of the training and again 4, 8 and 12 weeks. There were measured Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for evaluating pain, ROM of trunk, and isometric muscle strength of trunk, core muscle endurance, neuromuscular control ability for evaluating muscle function. Results: NRS was significantly improved according to time (p<0.05). ROM of extension and rotation, isometric muscle strength of trunk and hip, core muscle endurance and neuromuscular control ability were significantly improved according to time (p<0.05). Conclusion: We could confirm the superiority effect of intensively complex physical therapy program on pain, ROM of trunk and muscle function in traumatic low back pain with industrial accident.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the additional effects of an orthopedic manual physical therapy program (OMPTP) combined with prolo injection (PI) compared to PI alone on pain, functional disability, and mobility in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain. In this study, 36 patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain were randomly assigned to two groups: the OMPTP group with PI and the PI group alone. The numeric rating scale (NRS) was used to assess the subjects’ levels of low back pain, while level. the Korean Oswestry Disability Index (K-ODI) was used to evaluate lumbar functional disability scale. The finger -to -floor (FTF) test was used to assess the subjects’ lumbar mobility. The intervention consisted of PI once a week for a total of three times and OMPTP twice a week for a total of four times for three weeks. The experimental group received both PI and OMPTP, while the control group received only PI. Each OMPTP session lasted 25 minutes. After the intervention, both the experimental and control groups showed significant improvements in pain and disability. The experimental group demonstrated a greater increase in range of motion (ROM) than the control group (p<.05), and a significant difference was observed in the change in disability before and after the experimen t (p<.05). These results suggest that OMPTP can be beneficially used as a therapeutic intervention for faster functional recovery and ROM improvement in patients with chronic low back pain when combined with PI alone.

PURPOSE: The purpose this study was to investigate the awareness of physical therapy as one of rehabilitation interventions for post-operative women with breast cancer in healthy Korean women. METHODS: This study recruited 223 adult women aged 20 and older who never had breast cancer but received physical therapy. This study used a structured questionnaire consisting of 13 items in 3 fields designed to focus on socio-demographic characteristics, breast cancer experience of friends or family, and awareness of physical therapy as one of methods to improve rehabilitation of patients following breast cancer surgery. RESULTS: Among respondents who completed the survey, 62.8% were interested in breast cancer. However, 78.1% had never heard of physical therapy as a rehabilitation intervention for post-operative women with breast cancer. 44.4% believed that physical therapy is necessary after breast cancer surgery. 69.5% of the respondents were willing to participate in a physical therapy rehabilitation program if there were diagnosed with breast cancer, and 59.2% believed that the participation in this program would be beneficial. 42.9% acquired some information that physical therapy is one type of rehabilitation to improve physical condition for women with breast cancer from the Internet or television. In addition, education level affected interest and awareness of physical therapy for breast cancer. Awareness about breast cancer and physical therapy were higher among well-educated respondents. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that a physical therapy rehabilitation program is specifically developed, and correct information on it is provided to improve health condition in women following breast cancer surgery.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a physical therapy-based tailored exercise program on pain, accident incidence rates, the number of work days lost, and economical loss cost for workers in an automobile parts manufacturing company. METHODS: A total of 530 workers with musculoskeletal symptoms were given a physical therapy-based tailored exercise program twice a week, for one hour a day. This exercise program consisted of movement pattern correction, muscle stretching and strengthening, and postural correction exercises, according to principles of movement impairment syndromes and medical training therapy. From 2011 to 2016, the lost days of work, accident incidence rates, and loss cost were examined. The pain measured by VAS (visual analogue scale) and the number of workers participating in the exercise program from 2014 to 2016 were also measured. The single subjects A-B design was applied and analyzed. RESULTS: After applying the exercise program, pain decreased and the number of workers participating in the program increased. Accident incidence rates, number of work days lost, and economical loss cost decreased. There was a significant correlation between the number of workers who received exercise therapy by year and accident incidence rates, lost days of work, and economical loss cost (p<.05). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to expand the physical therapy-based tailored exercise program to prevent musculoskeletal disorders because it has a positive effect on both workers and employers.

이 연구는 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 자아존중감 향상과 우울감소에 미치는 영향을 알 아보고자 실시한 연구이다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 다음과 같은 연구문제를 설정하였다. 첫째, 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 자아존중감 향상에 영향이 있는가? 둘째, 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 우울감소에 영향이 있는가? 연구문제를 검증하기 위해 P시의 장애인협회 에 소속되어 있고 우울감을 느끼고 있는 지체장애인 5명을 대상으로 하였으며, 집단미술치료프로그 램을 주 2회, 회기당 120분씩, 총 14회기를 실시하였다. 집단미술치료 프로그램의 효과를 알아보기 위해 자아존중감 척도 검사와 우울척도 검사의 두 가지 측면에서 양적분석을 하고 질적분석을 위해 집단 보조자 1명과 함께 실험집단의 각 단계별 회기 진행과정을 녹취, 녹화하고 회기별 미술 활동작 품을 수집하고 분석하였다. 이 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지 체장애인의 자아존중감을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 집단미술치료 프로그램에 참여한 실험집 단이 자아존중감 향상에 유의미하게 향상되는 변화를 보였다. 둘째, 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장 애인의 우울감소에 효과적으로 작용하였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 집단미술치료 프로그램은 지체장애 인의 자아존중감을 향상시키고 우울을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났으며 집단미술치료 프로그램을 통해 지체장애인들에게 긍정적인 인지, 행동, 정서의 변화 결과가 확인되었다. 따라서 이 연구에서 사용된 집단미술치료 프로그램은 지체장애인들에게 유용하게 적용할 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.

This study is aimed at exploring the impact of group art therapy program on the self-esteem and depression of physically disabled individuals. To accomplish the objective, the following questions were raised. First, does the group art therapy program improve the self-esteem of the physically disabled? Second, does the group art therapy program reduce the depression of the physically disabled? To verify the questions, the following individuals were selected as the subjects of this study: 5 disabled individuals who are affiliated with the Association of the Disabled in P city and have a depression. A group art therapy program was conducted for 2 hours twice a week totalling 14 times. To identify the impact of group art therapy program, a quantitative analysis was conducted from two different aspects with self-esteem scale test and depression scale test. For qualitative analysis, each session of the experimental group was recorded and taped, with the help of an assistant. Also, their artworks were collected and analyzed in each session. The research findings are as follows. First, the group art therapy program improved the self-esteem of the physically disabled. In other words, the experimental group members showed significant improvement in their self-esteem while participating in the group art therapy. Second, the group art therapy program effectively reduced the depression of the physically disabled. The findings suggest that the group art therapy program improved the self-esteem of the physically disabled and reduced their depression. The group art therapy program led to positive changes in the cognition, behavior, and emotions of the physically disabled individuals. Therefore, the group art therapy program used in the research could serve as a useful resource for improving the emotions of the physically disabled.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of an intensive rehabilitation program on the pain, range of motion (ROM), muscle strength, function, quality of life (QoL), and depression of patients with traumatic rotator cuff injury caused by an industrial accident. Methods: Seventeen patients with traumatic rotator cuff injury caused by an industrial accident participated in this study. The 12-week treatment included 30 min of manual therapy and 30 min of exercise therapy twice a day, five times a week. The outcomes were measured for evaluating the pain, ROM, muscle strength, function, QoL, and depression before the commencement of the program and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Results: According to the time of applying the intensive rehabilitation program, the pain (p<0.01), ROM (p<0.01), muscle strength (p<0.01), function (p<0.01), and depression (p<0.05) significantly improved with time. However, QoL was not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study confirmed the excellent effect of an intensive rehabilitation program on the pain, ROM, muscle strength, function, and depression of patients with traumatic rotator cuff injury caused by an industrial accident. However, this study was limited by the absence of a control group. This pilot study highlights the need for more extensive research with a larger sample.

연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 음악치료와 물리치료 간 협업 그룹프로그램이 뇌성마비 아동의 하지운동기술과 또래관계기술에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 중다 기초선 설계를 통해 세 명의 뇌성마비아동은 1명의 음악치료사와 1명의 물리치료사가 실행하는협업 그룹프로그램에 일주일에 3회기씩, 총 15회기동안 참여하였다. 연구결과: 그 결과, 세 명의 아동들의 증가된 대동작운동기능 점수, 보행 분속수/속도, 기능적인 움직임 속도, 균형유지시간 및 또래관계기술 점수가 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 통해 음악치료와 물리치료 간 협업 그룹프로그램은 뇌성마비 아동의 하지 운동기술과 또래관계기술의 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 준다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과는 뇌성마비 아동의 신체적, 사회적 재활을 위한 협업 중재모델의 개발을 위한 기초자료를제공하는데 의의가 있다.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a music therapy and physical therapy collaborative group program on lower-extremity motor skills and peer relational skills of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Method: In a multiple baseline design, three children with CP participated in a collaborative group program led by one music therapist and one physical therapist three times a week, for a total of 15 sessions. Results: The study revealed increased GMFM scores, gait cadence/velocity, functional movement speed, balance time, and peer relational skills scores were observed among the three children. These findings suggest that the collaborative group program integrating music therapy and physical therapy has a positive impact on the improvement of lower-extremity motor skills and social skills in children with CP. Conclusion: The results of this study are meaningful to provide preliminary data in developing a collaborative intervention model for physical and social rehabilitation for children with CP.

연구목적 본 연구는 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 스트레스 대처능력과 삶의 만족도에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위한 것이다. 연구방법 연구대상은 G시의 장애인복지센터를 이용하는 지체장애인으로 실험집단과 통제집단을 각각 5명으로 구성하였다. 실험집단으로 주 2회, 80분간 10회기를 실시하였다. 연구도구로는 스트레스 대처능력 척도, 삶의 만족도 척도를 사전과 사후에 실시하였다. 자료 분석은 맨-휘트니 U검정으로 각 집단의 동질성 검정을 확인하고 윌콕슨 부위 순위 검정으로 프로그램의 효과성을 평가하였으며 집단미술치료 프로그램의 각 회기별 질적변화를 확인하였다. 연구결과 본 연구의 결과 첫째, 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 스트레스 대처능력에 긍정적인 효과가있었다. 둘째, 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 삶의 만족도에 긍정적인 효과가 있었다. 셋째, 집단미술치료 프로그램 후 각 회기의 질적 분석 결과, 지체장애인은 자기수용과 스트레스 표출, 집단원과의 감정교류, 긍정적 자아상으로 심리적 안정감을 회복하여 스트레스 대처능력과 삶의 만족도에 긍정적인 변화가 관찰되었다. 결론 본 연구결과는 지체장애인의 스트레스 대처능력과 삶의 만족도 향상에 집단미술치료 프로그램이 효과가 있음을 확인하였으며 지체장애인을 위한 지속적이고 다양한 중재프로그램 개발의 필요성을 제시하였다는데 의의가있다.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a group art therapy program on stress coping ability and life satisfaction among individuals with physical disabilities. Method The participants were individuals with physical disabilities who used a welfare center for people with disabilities in City G, with five participants in both the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 10 sessions of group art therapy, twice a week for 80 minutes each. The Stress Coping Ability Scale and Life Satisfaction Scale were administered before and after the program. Data analysis included the Mann?Whitney U test to confirm homogeneity between groups and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to evaluate the program’s effectiveness. Qualitative changes for each session were also examined. Results First, the group art therapy program had a positive effect on stress coping ability. Second, the program had a positive effect on life satisfaction. Third, qualitative analysis indicated improvements in self-acceptance, stress expression, emotional exchange with group members, and positive self-image, contributing to psychological stability. Conclusion The findings of this study confirmed that the group art therapy program was effective in improving stress coping ability and life satisfaction among individuals with physical disabilities, and it holds significance in suggesting the need for continuous and diverse intervention programs for this population.

연구목적: 본 연구는 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 자기효능감과 심리적 수용에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 연구대상은 G시에 소재한 장애인복지센터를 이용하는 지체장애인 10명을 선발하였으며, 각 5명씩 실험집단과 통제집단으로 배치하였다. 실험집단은 집단미술치료 프로그램을 주 2회, 80분씩 총 10회기를 진행하였다. 연구도구로는 자기효능감 척도, 심리적 수용 척도를 프로그램 전과 후에 실시하였다. 자료 분석은 Mann-Whitney U 검정으로 두 집단의 동질성 검정을 실시하였고, 프로그램의 효과성을 검정하기 위해Wilcoxon 부호순위 검정을 실시하였다. 또한, 질적 자료 분석은 회기별 과정에서 나타나는 언어와 행동, 작품내용을 바탕으로 지체장애인의 자기효능감과 심리적 수용의 변화양상을 기술하였다. 연구결과: 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 첫째, 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 자기효능감에 긍정적인 효과가 있었다. 둘째, 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 심리적 수용에 긍정적인 효과가 있었다. 셋째, 프로그램의 변화 과정에서는 지체장애인이 자신의 감정과 경험을 효과적인 방법으로 표현하여 자기효능감과 심리적 수용에 긍정적인 변화가 있었다. 결론: 본 연구결과를 종합해보면, 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 자기효능감과 심리적 수용 향상에 효과적이었음을 검정하였다. 이러한 연구결과들을 바탕으로 본 연구의 의의 및 제한점에 대하여 논의하였다.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a group art therapy program on self-efficacy and psychological acceptance of individuals with physical disabilities. Method: The subjects of the study were 10 individuals with physical disabilities attending a disabled welfare center located in G city, with five participants assigned to each experimental and control group, respectively. The experimental group participated in a group art therapy program twice a week, with sessions lasting 80 minutes each for a total of 10 sessions. Research tools included self-efficacy scales and psychological acceptance scales, which were administered before and after implementing the program. For data analysis, the homogeneity of the two groups was examined using the Mann-Whitney U test. Additionally, the effectiveness of the program was assessed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Furthermore, in qualitative data analysis, changes in language, behavior, and the content of artwork observed throughout the sessions were described to illustrate the patterns of change in self-efficacy and psychological acceptance among individuals with physical disabilities. Results: Summarizing the results of this study, first, the group art therapy program had a positive effect on the self-efficacy of individuals with physical disabilities. Secondly, the group art therapy program had a positive effect on the psychological acceptance of individuals with physical disabilities. Thirdly, throughout the program's progression, individuals with physical disabilities effectively expressed their emotions and experiences in meaningful ways, resulting in positive changes in self-efficacy and psychological acceptance. Conclusion: In summary, the comprehensive analysis of the research results indicates that group art therapy programs were effective in enhancing self-efficacy and psychological acceptance among individuals with physical disabilities. Based on these findings, the significance and limitations of this study were discussed.

연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 콜라주를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 자아존중감과 삶의 의미에 미치는 효과를 알아보는데 있다. 연구방법: 연구대상은 지체장애인 10명을 대상으로 실험집단과 통제집단 각각 5명씩 구성하였으며, 콜라주 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램은 실험집단에게 주 1∼2회, 80분씩 총 10회기를 실시하였다. 연구의 효과를 검증하기 위해 자아존중감 척도, 삶의 의미척도를 사용하여 실험집단 및 통제집단에게 사전검사와 사후검사를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 효과성을 검증을 위해 비모수적 분석인 Mann-Whitney U Test, Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test로 분석하였다. 연구결과: 연구결과는 첫째, 콜라주를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 자아존중감 향상에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 콜라주를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램이 지체장애인의 삶의 의미 향상에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과를 종합하자면, 지체장애인 관련 미술치료현장에서 적용할 수 있는 효과적인 접근법임이 증명되었고 장애인상담과 심리치료현장에서 적용 가능성이 있음을 시사한다.

Purpose: The purpose of this study group art therapy program using collage is to examine the effects of self-esteem and meaning in life of people with physical disabilities. Method: The research subjects included 10 people with physical disabilities in two groups, an experimental group and control group consist of 5 people in each. The group art therapy program using collage was conducted on the experimental group one or two times a week for 80 minutes in a total of 10 sessions. Pre-test and post-test were conducted each sessions to experimental group and control group using self-esteem scale, meaning in life scale. To examine the effectiveness of the program, non-parametric analyses, such as the Mann-Whitney U Test and Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test were used. Results: First, the group art therapy program using collage was effective in enhancing the self esteem of people with physical disabilities. Second, the group art therapy program using collage was effective in enhancing the of life of people with physical disabilities. Conclusion: The group art therapy using an effective approach in the art therapy field related to people with physical disabilities. Also, this study suggested the suggests applicability of the program in disability counseling and psychotherapy fields.

본 연구는 발달지체유아들의 사회적 상호작용 기술 증진을 목표로 발달놀이치료 중심의 신체접촉 활동 프로그램을 실시하고 그 효과를 검증하였다. 연구 대상은 사회적 기술 부족을 주호소로 상담실에 의뢰된 발달지체유아 2명이었다. 프로그램은 주 1회 총 60분씩 15회에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 발달지체유아들의 구체적인 사회적 상호작용 기술 관련 목표행동을 5가지로 선정한 뒤 회기별 관찰을 통해 그 출현 빈도 및 행동과 관련된 에피소드를 기록한 자료를 통해 그 변화를 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 발달놀이치료 중심의 신체접촉 활동 중재 프로그램을 통해 발달지체유아들의 사회적 상호작용 기술 중 중재교사에게 언어로 요구하기, 또래에게 시선 맞추기, 또래에게 상호작용 시도하기와 반응하기, 집단 활동에 참여하기 등 사회적 상호작용 기술이 증진되었다.

This study aimed to improve the social interaction skills of developmentally delayed young children through a physical touch activity program based on Developmental Play Therapy. Two young children with developmental delays participated in 15 sessions running for 60 minutes once a week. The target behaviors of the children, getting intervention teachers to ask the children to make eye contact with peers, to participate in group activities, and to initiate interactions and responses to peers were checked frequency by means of the event sampling method and described qualitative changes by means of anecdotal recordings. As a result, the physical contact activity program brought about a number of positive changes in social interaction skills of developmentally delayed young children. The implications for the social skill program and teaching methods for developmentally delayed young children were also discussed.