Earticle

A multiple moving object segmentation algorithm based on Background Modeling and Adaptive Clustering (named as BMAC) algorithm is proposed in this paper. For moving object segmentation, the algorithm uses Chebyshev inequality and the kernel density estimation method to do background modeling firstly. Then in order to classify image pixels as background points, foreground points and suspicious points, an adaptive threshold algorithm is proposed accordingly. After using background modeling, adaptive clustering is used for multi-object segmentation. It defines pixel space connectivity rate and designs a perpendicular split method, initial cluster adaptive splitting and merging self-organizing the iterative clustering segmentation algorithm, without pre-set number of clustering, completes multi-object segmentation for the foreground image. The segmentation results are consistent with the human visual judgment, the use of space connectivity information improve the accuracy of clustering segmentation, comparison and analysis the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible, rapid and effective.

This study addresses the issue of apple detection and segmentation, which plays a crucial role in agricultural automation systems, by employing multi-object detection using machine learning. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) model was used to accurately distinguish apples from leaves, with apple pixels classified as red and leaf pixels as green. The performance of the SVM model was evaluated using various metrics. Key evaluation metrics included IoU (Intersection over Union), Precision, Recall, and mAP (mean Average Precision). The results showed an IoU of 0.48, a Precision of 0.51, a Recall of 0.90, and an mAP of 0.48. Consequently, the SVM model exhibited a high recall rate, successfully detecting most apples, but also had a high false-positive rate due to its low precision. In the future, the need for models that can simultaneously handle real-time processing and accurate boundary recognition is emerging, which could address a critical issue in agricultural automation systems.

We present a region-based approach for accurate pose estimation of small mechanical components. Our algorithm consists of two key phases: Multi-view object co-segmentation and pose estimation. In the first phase, we explain an automatic method to extract binary masks of a target object captured from multiple viewpoints. For initialization, we assume the target object is bounded by the convex volume of interest defined by a few user inputs. The co-segmented target object shares the same geometric representation in space, and has distinctive color models from those of the backgrounds. In the second phase, we retrieve a 3D model instance with correct upright orientation, and estimate a relative pose of the object observed from images. Our energy function, combining region and boundary terms for the proposed measures, maximizes the overlapping regions and boundaries between the multi-view co-segmentations and projected masks of the reference model. Based on high-quality co-segmentations consistent across all different viewpoints, our final results are accurate model indices and pose parameters of the extracted object. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method using various examples.