Earticle

Multi Agent System (MAS) is an assembly of autonomous, proactive and dynamic entities called agents. These agents provide some service once an event is invoked. By providing the designated service the MAS achieves a specific goal. A logic based formal analysis of MAS is necessary to understand the system, its structure and dynamics. A systematic and sequential methodology is used for analysis of MAS. As a result of analysis several constructs in form of templates is obtained to represent the different facets of MAS. This is extremely necessary as it allows to explicitly identify how agents directly or indirectly interact or coordinate and collaborate with each other. This paper proposes an Architectural Design Language called Agent Description Language (ADL) that will be required to map these analysis templates to the design phase. Establishing the correctness of the structural transformation and correspondence from analysis to design phase constitutes the other side of the proposal. The proposed ADL has been used to get the corresponding classes of the templates generated. Jason, the universal MAS programming language has been used to implement the ADL classes to get the logical design which conforms to the conceptual design phase. The case study of Medical Emergency Service (MES) has also been taken to illustrate the proposals and findings.

NMR study has been used for measuring precise quantity of the amorphous phase in the $Si_3N_4$powder. Care must be taken to allow the $^{29}$Si nuclear spin system to fully relax between pulses in order to make the signals proportional to the number of nuclei in each phase. $^{29}$Si MAS spectrum was decomposed into the three spectra of $\alpha$-, $\beta$-, and amorphous $Si_3N_4$assuming pseudo-Voigt function. Moreover, the Rietveld analysis of the powder X-ray diffraction data was performed to measure quantity of crystalline phases as $\alpha/\beta$ ratio.

In this paper, a modified adaptive sign (MAS) algorithm based on a mixed norm error criterion is proposed. The mixed norm error criterion of be minimized is constructed as a combined convex function of the mean-absolute error and the mean-absolute error to the third power. A convergence analysis of the MAS algorithm is also presented. Under a set of mild assumptions, a set of nonlinear evolution equations that characterizes the statistical mean and mean-squared behavior of the algorithm is derived. Computed simulations are carried out to verify the validity of our derivations.

Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), enhances serotonin levels in synapses to alleviate depressive symptoms. This study investigates the effects of fluoxetine on the aquatic organism Daphnia magna (D. magna), known for its environmental sensitivity. D. magna was exposed to 100 ㎍/L of fluoxetine for 72 hours, and metabolomic changes were examined using high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR. A total of twenty-eight metabolites were identified. Compared to the control group, fluoxetine exposure resulted in decreased levels of phenylalanine and increased levels of sn-glycero- 3-phosphocholine, inosine, proline, carnosine, and tryptophan.

복수공항시스템은 항공운송에 대한 고객 욕구를 충족시키고자 두드러진 현상으로 나타나고 있다. 이는 고객욕구, 글로벌화, 경쟁촉진, 지역과 정치적 고려, 기술발전, LCC 증가 등과 같은 여러 요인에의해 유발되고 있으며, 이는 소비자들의 선택을 복잡하고 예측하기 어렵게 만들고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 복수공항시스템의 성장과 현황을 파악하고 새로운 격변하는 환경에 적합한 발전전략을 도출하는 것이다. 이를 위해 문헌 연구와 ITRS에서 발표된 이차자료를 가지고 계량적 분석을수행하였다. 분석 결과, 이 지역의 공항들은 대형 기종 투입을 증가하고 노동생산성을 증대하고자 지속적 투자를 전개하고 있다. 노동생산성 증가를 위해서는 주된 항공사의 비중을 낮추는 전략과 항공편당 탑승객수를 증가시키는 차별화된 노력이 필요함을 확인할 수 있다. 항공시장과 같이 극심한 경쟁시장 환경에서는 우선적으로 공급자 지향 사고보다는 고객 중심적 사고가 우선되어야 한다. 공항내지는 MAS(Multi-airport system)의 지속적 경쟁 우위 확보를 위해서는 혁신적이고 차별화된 전략 설계, 개발 및 실행이 우선되어야 한다. Points-of-Parity와 함께 Points-of-Difference 를 가진 포지셔닝 전략과 차별적 서비스케이프와 문화를 가진 공항 분위기를 통해서 고객에게 잊을수 없는 경험을 제공해줄 수 있어야 한다. 공항은 이제 더 이상 사람이나 사물이 교환되는 물리적 장소가 아니라 고객에게 기억할만한 경험을 제공하는 모든 문화, 설계, 기술 및 시스템의 총체로서 발전시켜야 할 것이다. 복수공항시스템의 지속적 경쟁력 강화를 위해서는 복수공항시스템 생태계에서 구성원과 이해관계자간의 통합적이고 조화로운 전략 모색이 시급히 요구된다.

Multi-airport systems(MAS) have been prevailing to meet global customers’ needs for air transportation. The salience of MARs is driven by many factors such as the increase of customer needs, globalisation, intense competition, regional and political consideration, technology development, the growth of Low Cost Carrier and so on, which make customers’ choice more complex and unpredictable. The purpose of this paper is to identify the growth and current situation of MAS and develop the sustainable strategy of MAS fitting to new turbulent environments. Literature review and some quantitative analysis using secondary data of ITRS are conducted. Results show that airports in East-asia have made every effort to attract much more passengers and increase labor productivity. Differentiative strategies with the decrease of the dominant airline are highly recommended to increase labor productivity by attracting more flights and passengers, which airports in this region might finally gain the competitive edge. Customer-centric approach rather than provider oriented should be taken to meet needs of customers in this intense competition market. Innovative and differentiating strategy should be designed, developed and implemented to gain competitive edge. Positioning strategy with POP and POD and the differentiable airport servicescape providing memorable experiences to passengers should be formulated. The airport is recognized no longer as physical and locational site where passengers and freight exchange between air mode and land transport modes, but the aggregation of all cultures, designs and technologies to provide passengers wonderful experiences. Integrative and harmonizing strategies in MAS are highly recommended to gain a sustainable advantage in MAS ecosystem.

A new block system - MAS (Moving Autoblock System) whose efficiency is higher than FAS(Fixed Autoblock System) in the loading capacity is required to accomodate the increasing transport volume. That MAS has higher efficiency has already been verified through various studies, especially in a line with different types of travelling trains. The efficiency of MAS for Korean high speed line with two different train model is analyzed by computer simulation. The results show that MAS is more efficient than FAS in the loading capacity.