Earticle

As more and more instructors acknowledge the pedagogical value of online learning activities, that concept has evolved into richer forms of learning that encompass various different environments and learning styles. In keeping with current educational trends, this study uses a vocabulary practice program, Quizlet, to examine the effect of online learning on the acquisition of vocabulary in a reading classroom. To consider the efficacy of using this program on the acquisition of vocabulary, experimental and control groups are set: the former making use of Quizlet and the latter following a traditional reading classroom procedure. Assessment is performed using two achievement tests and an open-ended questionnaire. Results show that online learning has a more positive effect on the acquisition of vocabulary than the conventional classroom approach based on student presentations and instructor lectures. The results of the open-ended questionnaire show that factors such as interest, motivation, and autonomy are effective in increasing students’ responsibility for their own learning.

Purpose: Dementia and altered cognitive function are highly prevalent among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI); hence, prevention is necessary before it develops into dementia. Treatment adherence?medication adherence and physical activity?is essential to prevent and delay dementia; however, comprehensive interventions to promote it in this population are lacking. This study aimed to develop a program for treatment adherence utilizing an Internet of things (IoT) device. Methods: The six-step mapping protocol was used to develop the IoT-based treatment adherence intervention (ITAI). The intervention was based on literature review, expert opinions, and input from older adults with MCI. Results: In Step 1, needs assessment was conducted to gain insights into health problems and their underlying determinants. In Steps 2 and 3, performance objectives were identified for behavior change and selected theoretical and evidence-based methods were linked to the intervention outcomes. In Step 4, the ITAI was designed with components and materials consistent with the identified change goals and methods, and specific intervention components developed. In Step 5, implementation plans and solutions to barriers to its application were identified. In Step 6, the plan to evaluate intervention effectiveness was outlined. Conclusion: The intervention mapping provided a systematic procedure for developing an ITAI for older adults with MCI and preparing a randomized controlled trial. Utilizing intervention mapping is useful as ITAI systematically processes treatment adherence for MCI using the IoT and is acceptable and valid. ITAI is expected to increase medication adherence and physical activity in older adults with MCI.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the internet based coaching program for obesity management on weight control related knowledge, self-efficacy, eating habits, physical activity and obesity related physiological indexes in hypertensive patients. Methods: The study design was non-equivalent control group pre-test-post-test design. A total of 43 subjects were overweight or obese hypertensive patients aged 30 or older,who were divided into experimental group (n=23) and control group (n=20). This program lasting 12 weeks consisted of a weight control related education, internet based individual coaching for diet, exercise and behavior modification, offering internet community and health counseling. The variables were measured three times (before the treatment, after 6 weeks, and after 12 weeks) and the collected data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 17.0program. Results: The experimental group had significantly improved weight control related knowledge, self efficacy, eating habits, body composition, and systolic blood pressure with time. Conclusion: The internet based coaching program was effective in improving obesity management, also this program will help to prevent cardiovascular disease of obese hypertensive patients.

본 논문에서는 사물인터넷과 인공지능 교육의 필요성과 중요성을 인식하고, 학생들에게 이러한 기술에 대한 이해와 응용 능력을 제공하는 AI 클래스를 개발하고 적용하고자 하였다. 연구를 위해 인공지능 교육 프로그램 개발에 관한 선행 연구를 고찰하였고, 국내․외 인공지능 교육 플랫폼을 분석하였으며 이를 토대로 교육과정을 재 구성하여 IoT 기반 인공지능 교육 수업안을 개발 적용하였다. IoT 기반 인공지능 교육 프로그램 적용 전후 자 기주도적 학습역량, 창의적 역량, 사회 참여 역량, 공감 역량, 사회적 관계 역량은 모두 통계적으로 유의미하게 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 학생들이 현실 세계에서 성공적으로 IoT와 AI 기술을 활용할 수 있도록 다양한 방면으 로 지원이 이루어진다면 빠르게 변화하는 지능정보기술에 대한 이해와 적용 능력을 갖춘 인력 양성에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

This paper recognizes the necessity and significance of education in the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), aspiring to develop and implement an AI class that provides students with understanding and application abilities concerning these technologies. For the research, literature studies were conducted to review preceding studies for the development of an AI education program, and domestic and international AI education platforms were analyzed. Based on this, the educational curriculum was restructured, and an IoT-based AI education lesson plan was developed and applied. The application of the IoT-based AI education program demonstrated statistically significant enhancements in self-directed learning capabilities, creative capabilities, social participation capabilities, empathetic capabilities, and social relationship capabilities. It is anticipated that if support is provided in various ways to enable students to successfully utilize IoT and AI technologies in the real world, it can contribute to fostering personnel equipped with an understanding and application ability regarding the rapidly changing technologies in society.

본 연구에서는 사회불안장애가 있는 사람들을 대상으로 인터넷 기반 자가 치료 프로그램을 개발하고 치료 효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 인터넷 기반 자가 치료 프로그램은 총 8회기로 구성되어 있으며 면대면 집단 치료의 치료 요소인 인지 재구조화와 노출 훈련을 모두 담고 있다. 인터넷 사이트에 접속하여 자기가 원하는 시간과 장소에서 프로그램을 진행할 수 있도록 하였으며, 자신의 작업 내용은 이메일을 통해 피드백 받았다. 연구대상은 모두 26명으로 사회불안에 대한 자기보고식 설문지와 반구조화된 초기면접을 통해 사회불안장애로 진단된 사람들로 선발하였다. 이중 인터넷 기반 자가 치료에 참가한 집단이 14명(남자 6명, 여자 8명)이었다. 그리고 대기자 조건에 있었던 통제집단이 12명(남자 5명, 여자 7명)이었다. 본 연구에서는 사회불안 수준을 알아보기 위해 사회적 회피 및 불편감 척도, 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움 척도-단축형, 사회적 상호작용 불안 척도, 사회불안장애 척도, Beck 우울 척도 값을 치료 전, 4회기 후, 8회기에 걸쳐서 측정하였다. 각 척도들에 대한 반복측정 변량분석 결과 인터넷 기반 자가 치료 프로그램이 사회불안장애의 다양한 증상들을 완화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 인터넷 기반 자가 치료 프로그램은 사회적 회피와 불편감, 사회적 수행 상황에서 측정 시기와 집단 사이의 상호작용이 나타났다. 이에 더해, 인터넷 기반 자가 치료의 효과 크기는 0.70~1.21로 인터넷 기반 자가 치료가 중간 크기에서 큰 효과 크기를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 결과, 인터넷 기반 자가 치료 프로그램은 사회불안장애 증상 완화에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 추후 최적의 치료 요소 구성과 전달 방식의 다변화를 통해 프로그램의 효과를 더욱 향상시켜야 할 것이다.

This study examined the effectiveness of the Internet-based self-help program for social anxiety disorder. Twenty six individuals with social anxiety disorder were assigned to eight sessions of the internet-based self-help program or to a waiting list control group. Korean version of Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS), Brief Fear of negative Evaluation Scale (BFNE), Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), Social Phobia Scale (SPS), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered before, after four sessions, and after treatment to all participants. The effectiveness of the Internet-based self-help program was analyzed using repeated-measure ANOVAs. Participants in the self-help program showed significant improvement on SADS, SPS, but changes were not significant on BFNE and SIAS. In addition, there were moderate to large effect sizes (0.70 to 1.21). These findings demonstrated that the Internet-based self-help program could provide a cost effective intervention method for individuals with social anxiety disorder.

본 연구는 놀이 중심 자기통제훈련이 학령기 아동의 자기통제력, 인터넷 중독 및 인터넷 사용 시간에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 실시된 사례연구이다. 연구 대상은 D시와 P시의 지역교육기관의 초등학교 4학년 남학생 3명이다. 연구 문제는 첫째, 놀이 중심 자기통제훈련 프로그램이 학령기 아동의 자기통제력을 향상 시키는가이다. 둘째, 놀이 중심 자기통제훈련 프로그램이 학령기 아동의 인터넷 중독 정도를 감소시키는가, 셋째, 놀이 중심 자기통제훈련 프로그램이 학령기 아동의 인터넷 사용 시간을 감소시키는가 이다. 프로그램의 구성은 자기탐색 및 문제인식의 단계, 목표설정 및 대안의 모색단계, 자기통제훈련 단계, 새로운 출발의 단계로 놀이의 치료적 요인을 활용하여 아동의 발달단계와 특성에 맞도록 구성하였다. 프로그램의 진행은 주 2회, 총 10회기로 실시하였으며, 매 회기는 이완활동(10분), 구조화 활동(35분-40분), 토론 및 정리(10분)로 구성하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 놀이 중심 자기통제훈련 프로그램은 인터넷 중독 학령기 아동의 자기통제력 점수를 증가시켰다. 둘째, 놀이 중심 자기통제훈련 프로그램은 학령기 아동의 인터넷 중독 정도를 감소시켰다. 셋째, 놀이 중심 자기통제훈련 프로그램은 학령기 아동의 인터넷 사용 시간을 감소시켰다. 끝으로 본 연구는 소수사례 연구로서 일반화하는데 제한점은 있으나, 놀이 중심 자기통제훈련 프로그램이 학령기 아동의 인터넷 중독과 인터넷 사용 시간을 감소시키고, 자기통제력을 증가시키는데 효과가 있었음을 알 수 있다.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of self-control, internet addiction, the time of play-based self-control training program on elementary school students. The program is based on self-exploration and problem recognition, setting one's own goals and finding alternatives, self-control training, departure stages that based on the therapeutic factors of play, and it was constructed to fit the development stages and characteristics of childhood. The program was carried out over 10 sessions total, twice a week. The result of this study are the play-based self-control training program reduces the degree of school age children's internet addiction and the time they spend on the internet. And the play-based self-control training program increases the self-control. This study shows that the play-based self-control training program is effective for internet addiction and self-control among elementary school student.

본 연구는 인터넷 사용에 과도하게 몰입하는 중학생을 대상으로 사회적 지지기반을 제공하는 놀이 중심의 자기통제훈련 집단프로그램을 실시하여, 인터넷 중독수준의 감소와 자기통제력을 증진시키고자 하였다. 연구문제 1은 인터넷 중독 정도의 변화를 알아보기 위해 자기보고식 인터넷 중독 진단 척도에서 사전․사후 검사 평균점수의 변화를 살펴보았으며, 인터넷 하루 사용시간 기록지를 통해 인터넷 사용시간의 변화를 비교하였다. 연구문제 2는 자기통제력의 변화를 알아보는 것으로 자기보고식 자기통제 척도의 사전․사후 검사에서 나타나는 평균점수의 변화와 회기 내에서 관찰된 학생들의 자기통제 행동빈도를 비교․분석하였다. 연구결과 놀이중심의 자기통제훈련 집단프로그램은 인터넷 중독 진단척도에서 보고된 자기평정수치와 학생이 보고한 인터넷 사용시간을 감소시켰으며, 자기보고식의 자기통제력과 관찰된 자기통제 행동의 수준을 증가시켰다.

The purpose of this study was to enhance the self control ability and to decrease the levels of internet addiction levels of middle school students who were absorbed in internet excessively through play based self control training group program. Subjects were 8 male middle school students and they were randomly divided into two groups. 10 sessions of play based self control training group program was proceeded in target group and short discussion and free program was proceeded in compare group for the same time length. As a result, the score levels of self reported internet addiction scale and the time spending in the internet were decreased significantly and the level of self reported self control ability and observed self control behaviors of students in sessions were enhanced significantly in target group.

본 연구에서는 인터넷 중독과 사이버 비행 아동의 인터넷 중독을 감소시키기 위해 프로그램을 개발하고 그 효과를 검증하였다. 본 연구에 참가한 내담자는 모두 21명으로 본 연구에서 개발된 집단상담 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단이 11명, 비교집단이 10명이었다. 본 프로그램은 개인심리학 이론을 바탕으로 1시간 30분씩 6회로 구성하였다. 프로그램 효과를 알아보기 위해 인터넷 중독, 사이버 비행행동, 사회적 관심, 자기격려 척도를 사전, 사후, 추후로 실시하여 반복측정 분산분석을 적용하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 실험집단은 통제집단에 비하여 인터넷 중독 점수 및 그 하위요인인 일상생활장애, 긍정적기대, 가상적대인관계지향성, 일탈행동, 내성이 감소하였다. 그러나 현실구분장애, 금단은 유의미한 감소가 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 실험집단은 통제집단에 비하여 사이버 비행행동 및 그 하위요인인 지위비행, 재산비행, 폭력비행에서 모두 감소하였다. 그러나 성비행은 차이가 없었다. 셋째, 실험집단은 통제집단에 비하여 사회적 관심이 증가하였다. 넷째, 실험집단은 통제집단에 비하여 자기격려 및 그 하위요인인 인지, 행동, 정서가 증가하였다. 따라서 개인심리학을 바탕으로 한 집단상담이 인터넷 중독과 사이버 비행행동을 줄이고 사회적 관심과 자기격려를 증가하는데 효과가 있었다. 일반화의 제한점 및 보완될 프로그램 내용 등에 대하여 논의하였다.

In the present study, the group counseling program for internet addiction and cyber delinquent children was developed and its effectiveness on internet addiction was evaluated. Twenty-one students were participated in group counseling. They were assigned to either an experimental group(11 subjects) or a control group(10 subjects) for six sessions. To examine the treatment effect, all subjects completed the Internet Addiction Scale, Cyber-Delinquency Behaviors Scale, Social Interest Scale, and Self Encouragement Scale at three times (e.g., before the first session, after the last session, and two month follow-up). And repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze the outcomes. Results showed that the Individual Group Counseling was effective in reducing internet addiction and cyber delinquency behaviors as well as increasing social interest and self encouragement. Implication for further research are discussed.

최근 유무선 인터넷 콘텐츠 처리 기술의 발달과 고속 인터넷 망의 보급으로 인해, 사용자는 언제 어디서 나 컴퓨터를 이용하여 교육받고 학습할 수 있게 되었다. 유무선 인터넷을 활용한 영어 교육은 교수 및 학습자에게 다양한 통신 수단을 제공하는 동시에 영어를 모국어로 쓰는 사람들과 의사소통이 손쉽게 이루어지게 해줄 것이다. 또한 멀티미디어를 활용한 영어 학습은 학습자의 흥미를 유발하고 의사소통 능력의 신장을 유도할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 멀티미디어 영어 학습에서 개별 학습자의 수준에 부합하는 학습을 제공하기 위해 평가를 통해 학습자의 지식 정도를 진단한다. 평가는 평가문항의 유형과 의사소통기능을 기반으로 구성되어 학습자에게 제시된다. 또한 기존의 웹 기반의 PC 뿐만 아니라 다양한 통신환경과 단말기를 지원하는 인터페이스 모듈을 통하여 이미지와 오디오와 같은 멀티미디어 학습 콘텐츠를 제공해주는 지능형 교육 시스템을 설계하고 구현한다. 제안하는 시스템을 교육현장에 적용해 본 결과, 학습자 수준을 진단하고 분석하기 위한 문항 정보와 추론엔진에 대한 성능을 분석하였고, 학습내용 제시 방법 또한 영어 학습에 있어서 수준 향상을 가져올 수 있다는 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서, 제안하는 시스템을 교육 현장에 도입한다면 다양한 단말기를 통해서 언제 어디서나 효과적인 영어 학습을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

According to the increasing of the internet infrastructure and growth of contents technology, the users can access an education service at anytime and anywhere. In a field of English education, especially, internet technology has enabled learners to communicate with their teachers and multimedia contents technology has been able to provide learner not only lots of interests, but also good effect on English learning. In this paper, we propose a method diagnosing learner's level by using some question-items, which consist of item's type and item's function. Futhermore, the proposed system can support three devices which are PC, PDA, and Mobile Phone on wired and wireless internet communication environments. Also, the system provides multimedia contents including flash movies, image, and audio contents. We have applied the system into real classroom, and we verified that the question-items that system provides has no problem, and our method could improve each learner skill on English education. Therefore, we expect that learner who uses the proposed system will get level-based English learning service at anytime and anywhere.

This study was conducted to develop the internet based Nursing Informatics educational program. This program is consisted of 14 weeks (2 credit, 1 semester) course. Classes include, 'Understanding of Nursing Informatics'. 'Basic computing technologies', 'Basic web page building', 'Navigating Healthcare related Information', 'Nursing Informatics-Practice, Education, Research', 'Issues in Nursing Informatics'. After finishing the course, students' satisfaction about this program was very high and positive. The results suggest that this program is useful to the education of Nursing Informatics and can be used as an alternative teaching method which does restrict time and place in Nursing Education in a newly changing era.

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate an internet based program for nursing informatics. The course subject, Nursing Informatics, was made by a computerized instructional module using the internet. The program was developed after taking into consideration the level of competence and knowledge in the subjects. It was based on 10 steps of the CAI module developed by Alessi and Trollip. The subjects consisted of 76 junior nursing students taking a Nursing Informatics course. Two sets of questionnaires were used for this study. First, a questionnaire was administered to 76 students to collect general information on their experience while using computers and the internet. Secondly, another questionnaire was administrated to 76 students after they took the course. They were asked to evaluate the program in terms of easiness of use, precision of contents, freshness of contents, motivation in learning, effectiveness of learning, enhancement of communication, precision of screen, and interest in the contents. IDs and passwords were given to the students. The students were asked to write their IDs and passwords when they connected to Nursing Informatics (http://hallym.ac.kr/~yhyom/ inform.html). They were led the menu page which was categorized into 8 icons (i. e., syllabus, lecture notes, quick test, Q & A board, assignment, on-line test, related web sites and mailing lists) after confirming their IDs and passwords. The students' responses were very positive. This program was a very useful in increasing the effectiveness of learning and motivation in the students. Suggest to be use for other nursing courses.

Purpose: Diabulimia is a serious problem that can cause a variety of complications in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy program for adolescents with diabulimia. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 38 adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years with type 1 diabetes who scored 20 or higher on the Diabetes Eating Problem Survey- Revised (DEPS-R). The experimental group received eight sessions of an Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy. Results: Immediately after the intervention and four weeks later, the experimental group demonstrated significant reductions in automatic thoughts, depression,and diabetic eating disorder behavior with an increase in body satisfaction compared to the control group. Conclusion: The Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for adolescents with diabulimia used various techniques to find dysfunctional thoughts that could induce negative emotions and behaviors based on actual experience. When delivered via the Internet, it provided participants with unrestricted access in terms of both time and location.

본 연구는 청소년을 위한 생활기술훈련을 적용한 인터넷게임중독예방 프로그램을 실시하여 인터넷게임중독 지식, 자기 조절력, 자기 효능감에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위하여 시도되었다. 본 연구는 비동등성 대조군 전후 설계를 이용한 유사 실험 연구이며, 연구기간은 2010년 5월 7일부터 7월 9일이었다. 연구대상은 G시에 소재한 J, S중학교 1학년 학생 중 실험군 73명, 대조군 65명, 총 138명이었으며, 프로그램은 주 1회 45분씩 총 8회기 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 대상자의 일반적 특성 및 사전 검사에 대한 동질성 검정은 카이제곱검정과 t-검정으로, 가설검정은 Kolmogorov-Smirnov 검정을 실시한 결과 정규분포 하는 것으로 나타나 실험군과 대조군에서 각각 사후 값과 사전 값의 차이 값을 계산하여 두 집단 간의 평균값의 차이가 있는지를 t-검정으로 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과, 프로그램에 참여한 실험군은 참여하지 않은 대조군보다 인터넷게임중독 지식, 자기 조절력, 자기 효능감이 긍정적으로 변화된 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구의 인터넷게임중독예방 프로그램은 청소년들의 인터넷게임중독 예방뿐만 아니라 전반적인 생활기술이 발달되어, 청소년의 건전한 성장 발달을 돕고 인터넷 관련 문제행동의 발생을 감소시킬 수 있는 프로그램으로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

The purpose of this study was conducted to examine the effects of internet game addiction prevention program for adolescents. The study was a quasi-experimental design. The participants for the study were 138 (experimental=73, control=65) middle school students in G city. The experimental group received the program for eight sessions. From May, 7 to July, 9, 2010 data were using self-report structured questionnaires, and were analyzed using frequency, percentage, chi-square test, t-test with SPSS 18.O program. After the treatment, significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups in terms of knowledge of internet game addiction (t=3.151, p=.002), self control (t=2.166, p=.032) and self-efficacy (t=2.986, p=.003). The findings indicate that this program can be used in practice as an effective internet game addiction prevention intervention for adolescents.

본 연구의 목적은 장애인을 바라보는 비장애학생들의 보편적 인권 의식을 높이고, 장애인의 직·간접적 차별을 감소시키기 위하여 초등학생의 수준을 고려한 장애인권 프로젝트학습 프로그램을 실시하여 비장애학생들의 장애인권감수성과 장애수용태도에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 연구 참여자는 경기도 S초등학교 일반학급 6학년 비장애학생들이며, 중재는 창의적 체험활동 시간에 인터넷 사용이 용이한 컴퓨터실을 이용하여 주 1회 2시간씩 총 14회기 실시되었다. 연구결과, 실험집단의 비장애학생들은 장애인권감수성 및 장애수용태도에 있어 통제집단과 비교하여 유의하게 긍정적인 변화를 보였다. 이와 같은 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 최근 장애학생의 통합교육 환경에서의 인권침해 문제를 예방하고 장애학생의 인권을 보장하기 위하여 학교 인권문화의 필요성에 대한 논의와 본 연구의 제한점 및 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제공하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Internet-based Disability Human Rights Project Learning Program, which was designed for students without disabilities, on their sensitivity to disability human rights along with their attitudes toward disability. For this purpose, 42 students in two 6th-grade inclusive classes of S elementary school participated in this study as experimental and control groups, respectively. A special education teacher as a researcher applied the program for students in the experimental group during 14-session while a general education teacher applied regular creative experience activities for the students in the control group. The independent two samples t-test was conducted to examine impact of the Internet-based Disability Human Rights Project Learning Program on sensitivity to disability human rights among students without disabilities and their attitudes toward disability. The results of analysis in this study showed that the students without disabilities who joined in the program significantly improved sensitivity to disability human rights and their attitudes toward disability compared with those of the students without disabilities in traditional teaching-learning environment. Based on the results, this study suggested implications to develop school culture to prevent human rights violations and protect rights of students with disabilities along with limitations and directions of further study.

This study aimed to develop and evaluate health educational information system on internet to train health center workers.Internet-based Public Health Manpower Training Program was developed based on the findings of the needs of health center worker. It consisted of E-mail based on-line lesson. The effects of developed Internet-based Public Health Manpower Training Program were assessed by questionnaires of users about legibility, readability, satisfaction, changes in level of knowledge, and practical uses, etc.Most users (94.3%) of Internet-based Public Health Manpower Training Program reported that they were satisfied with the programs, and 90% of users reported that the programs improved their performance in health education, consultation and medical examination. Knowledge levels of users were elevated after program participation (statistically non significant).Internet-based Public Health Manpower Training Program had positive effects on the performance of health center workers, and we expect this program to help the planning for public health manpower.

본 연구의 목적은 자가치료용 불면증 인지행동치료(CBTi) 프로그램을 개발하여 그 효과를 검증하는데 있다. 개발한 CBTi는 수면교육, 수면위생, 자극조절, 수면제한, 이완요법, 인지재구성의 6개 요소를 포함하였다. 총 참가자 142명을 모집하여 100명은 처치집단으로 42명은 대기자 통제집단으로 할당하였다, 처치집단 100명 중 프로그램을 마치고 사후평가까지 완료한 사람은 26명으로 완료율은 26%였다. 4개의 측정 도구(불면증 심각도, 과도한 수면 노력, 비합리적 수면 신념, 우울)에서 집단과 처치의 상호작용을 살펴보았다. 분석 결과, 집단과 처치 간상호작용은 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났다. 프로그램을 완료한 참가자들의 경우 불면증 심각도, 과도한 수면 노력, 비합리적 수면 신념, 우울의 개선이 뚜렷한 반면, 대기자 통제집단의 경우 점수 개선은 나타나지 않았다. 연구 결과, 인터넷으로 전달되는 자가치료용 CBTi도 사용자가 성실하게 활용한다면 효과를 낼 수 있음을 확인하였다. 다만, 자가치료용 프로그램의 낮은 치료이행도의 문제도 확인되어 향후 이를 보완할 방안이 필요할 것이다.

This study entailed a self-administered Cognitive behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBTi), delivered through an internet platform. The CBTi comprised six components: sleep education, sleep hygiene, stimulus control, sleep restriction, relaxation techniques, and cognitive reconstruction. Out of 142 participants, 100 were assigned to the treatment group and 42 to the waitlist control group. However, only 26 out of 100 participants in the treatment group completed the program and post-evaluation, resulting in a completion rate of 26%. The study examined interactions between group and treatment using four measurement tools: insomnia severity, excessive sleep effort, irrational sleep beliefs, and depression. Consequently, the interaction effect was statistically significant. Participants who completed the program exhibited improvements in insomnia severity, excessive sleep effort, irrational sleep beliefs, and depression, whereas the control group did not demonstrate such enhancements. The study findings suggest that self-treatment CBTi delivered online can be effective if participants demonstrate diligence. However, the observed low adherence to the self-treatment program highlights the necessity for future improvements.

With existing illumination rendering system being used in domestic, internationally developed common programs are taking over the market more than 90%. However, since the programs are established with DB designed to be most suitable for their own products, accuracy in analysis and visualized image are hardly reliable. This raises the necessities of establishing DB for domestic developed products. A method of establishing artificial luminair DB, which was studied on DB establishment in consideration of optical characteristics of domestic products with using RADIANCE program was presented in this study, and it is considered as the program of simulating light movement most accurately among all rendering programs developed so far.

This research project management, building systems to test the performance requirements of a user to accept the plan and schedule management, personnel management, and test results, and the status of testing and reporting procedures to handle the process of implementation of Java-based X - Under the Internet environment, the default network, remote process research and development program as a test automation, structure and each module of the software analysis, design, analysis and clean-up and structure of the modules, each module and the GUI structure, performance, testing integration DB The present system is to study the system.

The major purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of a new home intervention program to reduce excessive internet usage among youths. For this purpose, cognitive-behavioral therapy was selected as a theoretical basis and single system design was employed to test its empirical validity. The client was a high school girl who had a potential risk toward internet addiction. After 24 days of intervention based on changing criterion design, the client significantly reduced time to spend internet less than one hour in a day. The effectiveness of intervention program was proved by the visual analysis and several tests of statistical significance. Increasing alternative activities other than internet access and monetary rewards by token economics especially contributed to decrease internet usage. This finding suggests a positive sign of theoretical significance. Reduced dependency on internet and improved socialized lifestyles in school and home indicates practical significance for this program. The overall results lend support to apply this program at home setting for youths who show excessive internet usage.