Earticle

Forensic DNA database is by using the DNA profile of the felonious criminals DNA analysis method, the database collects of the result of analysis. The identification management system (IMS) of the scientific investigation which is particular through the database retrieval is Forensic DNA database if the DNA profile of the detected from the crime scene evidence of many events DNA profile and suspect related to it is secured. Forensic DNA database needs for legislation of Forensic DNA database for identifying possible convicted offenders and suspects for recordable offences. On 25 January 2010, as legislation of ‘Act on the protection and use of DNA identifying information’ in Korea after long days of dispute. The legal guideline has been set up for operation of forensic DNA database. Forensic DNA database operation system made by National Forensic Service(NFS), National Police Agency, and Supreme Prosecutor’s Office. The database of three organizations is connected and administered. In this report, the cases of the event solved through the database administration were presented. Through these cases, we can know that forensic DNA database provide the criminal justice systems with not only an efficient way of crime solving but also prevention of crime.

The forensic DNA database was managed according to the °ΠAct on the Protection and Use of DNA Identification Information°π enacted in July 2010, and the integrity and accuracy of the genetic information registered in this forensic DNA database was being emphasized. In this study, we analyzed the discordance (DC) ratio for each short tandem repeat (STR) locus in 21,160 samples received from January 2016 to October 2019 in order to contribute to improving integrity and accuracy of data. In addition, we also analyzed the change in DC ratio for each STR locus after the expansion of 20 core STR locus based on Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) of the FBI laboratory in January 2018. As a result, the DC ratio for each STR locus increased from 29 cases to 67 cases according to the expansion of the STR locus, and we selected the STR loci with a high DC ratio. Also, we were able to organize the three types of DC occurrence in this study. These results suggest that may help to minimize the STR data analysis error of crime scene evidence samples and to increase the reliability of the forensic DNA database.

범죄현장 증거물의 DNA 분석에서 2인 이상의 혼합된 DNA 프로필이 종종 검출된다. 법유전학 분야에서는 이러한 혼합 DNA를 분석하고 해석하려는 연구가 지속적으로 이루어지며 관련된 분석 프로 그램도 꾸준히 개발되고 있다. 2010년 ‘DNA 신원확인정보의 이용 및 보호에 관한 법률’이 시행되면서 우 리나라는 국가 DNA 데이터베이스를 운영하기 시작했다. 그러나 혼합형으로 분석된 DNA 데이터는 시스 템의 부재로 검색 및 관리가 효율적으로 이루어지지 않고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 이러한 혼합 DNA를 체계적으로 관리하고 검색할 수 있는 시스템인 Forensic Mixed DNA Database Platform (FMDD) 를 개발하였다. FMDD는 혼합 DNA 프로필과 용의자 대조 DNA 프로필간의 상호 검색이 가능하고, 일치 결과에 대한 random match probability (RMP), combined probability of exclusion/inclusion (CPE/CPI), 그리 고 likelihood ratio (LR)의 통계 결과를 제공한다. FMDD에서 제공되는 다양한 기능은 혼합 DNA 프로필 로 분석된 사건을 해결하는데 도움을 줄 뿐만 아니라 신뢰성 있는 결과를 제공할 수 있게 될 것이다

DNA analysis of crime evidence often involves mixed DNA profiles from several individuals. The mixed DNA interpretation has been continually studied in forensic genetics, with many programs developed for DNA mixture analysis. Although most of these are freely available for performing required calculations, some of them do not provide a database wherein mixed DNA profiles can be searched and managed. The ‘DNA law’ was enacted in Korea, and the forensic DNA database is in operation except for mixed DNA profile. In this study, we developed a web-based system-the Forensic Mixed DNA Database (FMDD)-that allows searches of DNA profiles as well as statistical interpretation for matches. With the FMDD, a suspect’s DNA profile can be searched against a database of mixed DNA profiles and vice versa. Moreover, the FMDD provides different probabilities including the random match probability (RMP), combined probability of exclusion/inclusion (CPE/CPI), and likelihood ratio (LR). The LR of mixed DNA profiles from two individuals can be computed to obtain customized statistical results using various options available in the program. The multifunctionality of the FMDD make it an essential tool for the crime investigation that is expected to enhance the value of mixed DNA profile analyses.