Earticle

설명적장면에서 사용되는 담화표지 ｢Hora｣의 사용경향 -도쿄・오사카・센다이방언의 지역차를 중심으로- 본 논문에서는 회화에서 정보의 공유를 환기하여 상대와 정보공유 하에서 이야기를 진행시키기 위해 사용되는 담화표지인 ｢Hora｣를 대상으로 지역차에 주목하여 도쿄방언, 오사카방언, 센다이방언의 사용경향의 차이를 밝혔다. 검토 결과, ｢Hora｣의 사용빈도는 도쿄방언에 비해 센다이방언에서 약간 높게 나타났고, 오사카방언에서는 전혀 사용되지 않는다는 것을 알았다. 이것은 바꿔 말하면 도쿄방언과 센다이방언에서는 상대에게 정보의 공유를 환기하여 상대와 정보공유 하에서 이야기를 진행시키려는 경향이 강하고, 센다이방언에서 그러한 경향이 도쿄방언보다 좀 더 강하다는 것을 나타낸다. 또한 오사카방언에서는 그러한 경향이 인정되지 않는다는 것이 밝혀졌다.

Usage Tendency of the Discourse Marker, ‘HORA’, in the Explaining Situation - Focusing on the Regional Difference in the Tokyo, Osaka and Sendai dialect - The discourse marker, ‘HORA’, is used in communication to remind the listener of their shared information and lead the communication based on it. In this paper, usage pattern of the discourse marker, ‘HORA’, on the explaining situation was analyzed focusing on the regional difference in the Tokyo, Osaka and Sendai dialect. It was found that the discourse marker, ‘HORA’, appeared in Sendai dialect more often than in Tokyo dialect but it did not appear in Osaka dialect. As a result, communication tendency of Tokyo and Sendai dialect is that speakers are to remind listeners of their shared information and to lead the communication based on it. This tendency is a little stronger for Sendai dialect than Tokyo dialect. However, Osaka dialect does not have the tendency.

This paper analyzed the generational difference between the high school students, younger generation and the elder generation in using the discourse marker ‘HORA’, which is used in communication in order to remind the listener of their shared information and lead the communication based on it. It was found that the using rate of ‘HORA’ was the highest for elder generation and little for younger generation and the high school students. Elder generation have a communication tendency that they remind listeners of their shared information and to lead the communication based on it. However, younger generation and the high school students were found not to have the tendency.

本稿は東京方言、大阪方言の若年層で使用される談話標識の使用傾向を分析することで、若年層の談話展開の方法の地域差を明らかにしようとするものである。特に、会話の中で発話内容や発話に対する発話者の態度を弱め、相手のフェイスを配慮するためのポライトネス․ストラテジーとして使用される談話標識「ナンカ」を取り上げ、東京方言、大阪方言の若年層を対象に、その使用傾向の違いを明らかにした。 検討の結果、「ナンカ」の使用頻度は東京方言の若年層で高く、大阪方言の若年層ではやや低いことが明らかになった。つまり、東京方言の若年層話者は「ナンカ」を多用することで発話内容や発話に対する態度を弱め、相手のフェイスを配慮することで、円滑なコミュニケーションを行なおうとしているのであり、そうすることで相手との円満な関係を維持しようとしているのであろう。しかし、大阪方言の若年層話者はそのような傾向が東京方言の若年層話者に比べ、弱いことが明らかになった。 今後は対象を広げ、談話標識として機能する「ナンカ」の詳しい分析や、ポライトネス․ストラテジーを表すほかの表現にも注目し、研究を進めていきたいと考える。

This paper analyzes the regional differences of the discourse development method employed in Japanese by comparing the occurrence tendencies of discourse markers used by the young generation of the Tokyo and Osaka dialect. The discourse marker, NANKA, which is used as the politeness strategy to make a dialogue soft and the speaker’s attitude polite to the listener, is studied in terms of differences of the younger generation usage tendency between Tokyo and Osaka. As a result, the usage frequency of NANKA was higher in Tokyo than in Osaka. This shows that Tokyo users have a tendency of trying to use the discourse marker, NANKA, to make soft and smooth communication with the listeners and trying to maintain a smooth relationship with them. However, in Osaka, this tendency is weaker than in Tokyo. Other discourse function of NANKA except the politeness strategy will be researched in further studies.

現代の方言は共通語化がかなり進んでいるにもかかわらず、外来者がその地域の人と話をしていると何と なく違和感を感じるという話をよく聞く。本稿ではこのような談話展開の方法の地域差は、話者が情報内容 を効果的に伝えるために相手に送る談話標識にも反映されていると考え、談話標識の出現傾向を分析するこ とで、談話展開の方法の地域差について考察した。特に、東京地域と仙台地域の若年層の説明的場面で使用 される談話標識である「ホラ」の使用傾向に注目し、談話標識の観点から両地域の談話展開の方法のがどの ようであるかを明らかにした。 検討の結果、「ホラ」の使用頻度は東京地域の若年層で高く、仙台地域の若年層では低いということが明ら かになった。これは言い換えると、東京地域の若年層は説明的場面において相手に情報を喚起し、その共有 を求めることで相手と共有情報のもとで話を進めるようとする傾向が強く、仙台地域の若年層ではそのよう な傾向が東京地域の若年層に比べ弱いことを表している。　　　 　このような談話標識の使用傾向の違いが談話展開の方法に影響を与え、談話展開の方法の地域差を生み出 しており、共通語が進んでいるにもかかわらず、違う地域の話者とのコミュニケーションで誤解や摩擦のよ うな違和感を感じさせているのではないかと考えられる。

The discourse marker, 'HORA', is used in communication to remind the listener of their shared information and lead the communication based on it. In this paper, usage pattern of the discourse marker, 'HORA', on the explaining situation was analyzed focusing on the regional difference in young generations of Tokyo and Sendai. It was found that the discourse marker, 'HORA', appeared in young generation of Tokyo more often than in young generation of Sendai. As a result, communication tendency of young generations of Tokyo and Sendai is that speakers are to remind listeners of their shared information and to lead the communication based on it. This tendency is a little stronger for young generation of Tokyo than young generation of Sendai.

In this paper, the generational difference on the discourse deployment method of Japanese language was studied by analyzing the appearance tendency of discourse markers. As a result, it was found that there is a generational difference in the discourse marker’s appearance tendency. Discourse markers were more used by the elder generation than the younger generation. In other words, elder generation people have a tendency of trying to make the communication easier by actively appealing to others using many discourse markers. However, this tendency was less for younger generation people. (Chungnam University)

本稿では談話標識の出現傾向から大阪方言の高年層、若年層の談話展開の方法を比較することで、大阪方言の談話展開の方法の世代差を明らかにした。 その結果、談話標識は全般的に高年層において多用される傾向があり、若年層においては少なくなっていることが分かった。すなわち、高年層話者は談話標識を頻繁に使用し、積極的に働き掛けることで、相手と円滑なコミュニケーションを行なおうとしており、そうすることで相手と円満な関係を維持しようとしているのに対し、若年層ではそのような傾向が高年層に比べ弱いことが明らかになった。また、高年層では使用されていなかった「情報共有の喚起」を担う談話標識「ホラ」は若年層では使用されることが明らかになった。 しかし、今回の結果は限られたインフォーマントを対象にしているため、今後対象を増やし、さらに検討する必要があると考えられる。

In this paper, the generational differences on the discourse deployment method of the Osaka Dialect was studied by analyzing the appearance tendency of discourse markers. As a result, it was found that discourse markers are more frequently used by the elder generation than the younger generation. In other words, elder generation people have a tendency of trying to make the communication easier by actively appealing to others using many discourse markers and this tendency was weak for younger generation people. However, the discourse marker for reminding a shared information, hora, which has not been used by elder generation was found to be used by younger generation. Further research is expected by increasing the number of informants.