Earticle

목적: 더덕 에탄올 및 열수 추출물을 대상으로 항산화 효과 및 피부염 7종에 대한 항균효과를 확인하였으며, 암모니아에 대 한 소취효과를 평가하여 피부용 항균소재 및 기능성 모발 화장품 소재로서의 가능성을 확인하고자 한다. 방법: 더덕 에탄올 및 열수 추출물을 이용하여 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량, 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 전자공여능, 2,2'-Azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]-diammonium salt (ABTS) 라디칼 소거활성을 조사하여 항산화 효과를 확인하고, 피부 염 관련 균 7종에 대한 더덕 추출물의 항균 효과를 paper disc법을 이용하여 실험을 진행하였다. 그리고 가스 검지법을 이용하여 암 모니아에 대한 소취력을 평가하였다. 결과: 항산화 효과 측정 결과 더덕 에탄올 및 열수 추출물의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 각각 88.86± 1.64, 76.46±1.23 μg/mL 이고, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 78.29±1.13, 60.02±1.35 μg/mL의 함량이 확인 되었다. DPPH 소거활 성은 500 μg/mL에서 더덕 에탄올 추출물은 78.78%, 열수 추출물은 62.12의 소거능이 확인 되었다. ABTS 라디칼 소거활성 측정 결과, 500 μg/mL에서 더덕 에탄올 추출물은 80.12% 열수 추출물은 72.24%의 소거능이 확인 되었다. 피부염 7종 균에 대한 더덕 에탄올 추출물 및 열수 추출물은 5 mg/mL 농도에서 항균효과가 확인 되었다. 암모니아에 대한 더덕 추출물의 소취효과는 에탄올 추출물이 30 min 부터 98%의 소취력이 확인 되었다. 결론: 더덕 에탄올 추출물이 열수 추출물보다 항산화 효과 및 피부염 7종 균에 대한 항균효과가 우수하였으며, 소취력도 높게 확인 되어, 피부용 항균소재 및 기능성 모발 화장품 소재로의 가능성이 있다고 판단 된다.

Purpose: The antioxidant effects and antibacterial effects on 7 types of dermatitis of Codonopsis lanceolata (C. lanceolata ) ethanol and water extracts were investigated to study its potential as an ingredient of antibacterial cosmetics for skin and functional cosmetics for hair by testing its deodorization effects on ammonia. Methods: The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, electron donating ability, ABTS radical scavenging activity of C. lanceolata extracts were investigated for its antioxidant effects and the antibacterial effects of c. lanceolata extract on 7 different germs causing dermatitis were explored with the paper disc method. In addition, a gas detection method was employed to test the deodorizing effects on ammonia. Results: As a result of the antioxidant effects test, the total polyphenol contents of C. lanceolata ethanol and water extracts were 88.86±1.64 and 76.46±1.23 μg/ mL, respectively, and the total flavonoid contents were measured 78.29±1.13 and 60.02±1.35μg/mL, respectively. As for the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity was 78.78% and 62.12%. The test on 2,2'-Azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]-diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity with was 80.12% and 72.24%. For the 7 dermatitis germs, C. lanceolata ethanol extract and water extract showed antibacterial effects at the concentration of 5 mg/mL. For the deodorization effects of C. lanceolata extract on ammonia, ethanol extract revealed 98% of deodorizing effects after 30 min. Conclusion: C. lanceolata ethanol extract had greater antioxidant effects and antibacterial effects on the 7 dermatitis germs than water extract; with higher deodorizing effects, it is considered suitable for making antibacterial cosmetics for skin and functional products for hair.

目的: 探讨沙参（Codonopsis lanceolata ）乙醇和水提取物对7种皮炎的抗氧化作用和抗菌作用，通过测试其 除臭效果研究其作为皮肤和功能性化妆品以及抗菌化妆品成分的潜力。方法: 研究了沙参提取物的总多酚和类 黄酮含量，探讨2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH)给电子能力，2,2'-Azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulfonic acid]-diammonium salt (ABTS) 自由基清除活性确定抗氧化作用及其抗菌作用。沙参提取物利用纸盘 法对7种不同语皮肤炎相关的细菌进行了抗菌作用。另外，采用气体检测方法测试对氨的除臭效果。结果: 抗氧 化效果试验结果表明，沙参乙醇和水提取物的总多酚含量分别为88.86±1.64和76.46±1.23 μg/mL，总黄酮含 量分别为78.29±1.13和60.02±1.35 μg/mL。在浓度为500 μg/mL时，沙参乙醇提取物的DPPH的清除活性分别 为78.78％和62.12％；ABTS自由基清除活性分别为80.12％和72.24％。对于7种皮炎细菌，沙参乙醇提取物和 水提取物在5 mg/mL的浓度下，显示出抗菌作用。对于沙参提取物对氨的除臭效果，乙醇提取物在30 min后， 显示出98％的除臭效果。结论: 沙参乙醇提取物对7种皮炎细菌的抗氧化作用和抗菌作用均大于水提取物;具有更 高的除臭效果，被认为适用于制造皮肤抗菌化妆品和头发功能性产品。

I reviewed about dyeing fastness and functional properties of the non-mordant dyed cotton and iron mordant dyed cotton with astringent persimmon juice. In the UV-VIS spectrum of astringent persimmon juice, the maximum absorption wavelength of the juice was 272.0㎚, which was a characteristic peak of tannin. In dyeing fastness, light fastness of the non-mordant dyed cotton was a little low at grade 2～3. But by the iron mordant treatment, the light fastness was good at grade 4. Dry cleaning fastness to discoloration and contamination was excellent at grade 4～5 for both the non-mordant dyed cotton and iron-mordant dyed cotton. Their rub fastness were grade 3 and grade 2～3 respectively, in the dry condition, and grade 2～3 and grade 3 respectively, in the wet condition. In the perspiration fastness of the non-mordant dyed cotton, the discoloration from acidity and alkalinity was grade 3～4 and grade 3, respectively, and contamination from acidity and alkalinity was relatively good at grade 4. Meanwhile, in the perspiration fastness of the non-mordant dyed cotton, discoloration from acidity and alkalinity was fair, both recording grade 3～4, and contamination from acidity and alkalinity was very good, both recording grade 4～5. In the ultraviolet protection effect of the non-mordant dyed cotton and iron-mordant dyed cotton, the ultraviolet protection factor was both 50+, both of which showed an excellent ultraviolet blocking effect. And the protection rate of UV-A appeared 98.4% and 99.1%, respectively, and the protection rate of UV-B showed 98.7% and 99.2, respectively. In addition, both exhibited an excellent deodorization rate over 99.9% or more, irrespective of the passage of time. Also, both showed an excellent antimicrobial activity over 99.9% or more against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Recently, with an increase of interest in hygiene of textile products, research related to finishing technology to impart various functionalities, such as antibacterial and deodorizing properties, has also required. Therefore, in this study, the improvement of comfort was examined by analyzing the change of moisture characteristics and antibacterial and deodorizing properties of underwear fabric by chitosan microcapsule(CH-M) finishing. The results revealed that moisture absorption time of the fabric shortened, diffusion rate increased, while absorption rate slightly increased because of microcapsule finishing. In addition, the one-way transfer capacity of the microcapsule finished fabric was 17.69, which improved moisture transfer to one side, while OMMC showed the values of 0.32 and 0.37 for untreated and finished fabrics, respectively, which slightly increased after finishing. In the case of untreated fabric, antibacterial activity was 89.0% against Staphylococcus aureus and 70.3% against Klebsiella pneumoniae; however, both strains showed 99.9% antibacterial activity by CH-M finishing. An excellent bacterial reduction rate was also observed. In the case of the CH-M finished fabric, there was a deodorization effect exceeding 99% up to 120 minutes, and it showed an excellent deodorization effect of more than 99% even after 10 repeated washings.

The purpose of this study is to examine the antibacterial activity and deodorization of fabrics dyed with pine needles extract. The microbes used for a test were two kinds of bacteria and two kinds of fungi. The test results showed as follows. In the test results of antimicrobial activity, both cotton and silk fabrics showed the antimicrobial rate of over 90% after washing three times. In the test result of antifungal activity, all fabrics didn't show any effective antifungal activity. In the test result of deodorization, the dyed cotton fabric showed the higher rate of deodorization than the non-dyed fabric, and the fabric showed the highest rate of deodorization was the test fabric mordanted by Fe and the rate of deodorization showed 92%. In case of silk fabric, the fabric showed the highest rate of deodorization was the test fabric mordanted by Al, and the rate of deodorization showed 92%.

본 연구에서는 잣나무 정유를 대상으로 GC-MS를 이용한 성분분석, 악취물질에 대한 소취효과 및 구강균에 대한 항균활성을 평가하였다. 잣나무 정유를 GC-MS를 이용하여 정성분석한 결과 ${\alpha}$-pinene이 19.38%로 가장 높은 구성을 차지하였고, 다음으로 3-carene (11.16%), camphene (10.57%), limonene (9.79%) 등의 terpene hydrocarbon류가 대부분을 차지하고 있었으며 이들 특유의 향취 조합으로 인해 잣나무 정유 고유의 향취를 나타내는 것으로 사료된다. 악취물질 4종에 대한 소취력 평가에서는 잣나무 정유를 주입한 1시간 후 75.17%의 ammonia 소취능을 나타내어 4종의 정유 중 가장 높은 활성을 나타냈다. Formaldehyde에 대한 소취력 평가에서는 편백나무와 소나무 정유가 61.67%로 가장 높은 활성을 보였고 잣나무 정유는 23.33%를 나타내었다. Trimethylamine에 대해서는 정유 주입 10분 후 편백나무, 전나무, 소나무 정유가 평균 6.70%로 낮은 활성을 나타낸 반면, 잣나무 정유를 주입함으로서 41.58%의 매우 높은 소취력을 나타내었다. Methylmercaptan에 대해서는 정유 주입 1시간 후 소나무(82.22%), 잣나무(70.56%), 전나무(62.22%), 편백나무(59.44%) 정유 순으로 소취력을 나타냈다. 구강균에 대한 정유 별 항균력 평가에서는 잣나무 정유($2.90{\pm}0.15mm$)는 L. paracasei에 대하여 전나무($1.83{\pm}0.18mm$)와 소나무($1.54{\pm}0.09mm$) 정유보다 강한 항균력을 나타내었으며, S. aureus에 대한 잣나무 정유($2.86{\pm}0.08mm$)의 항균활성 또한 전나무($1.15{\pm}0.20mm$)와 소나무($1.85{\pm}0.08mm$) 정유 보다 높게 나타났다. 특히 S. sobrinus에 대한 항균활성은 편백나무($1.42{\pm}0.01mm$)와 잣나무($1.40{\pm}0.01mm$) 정유를 처리함으로써 강하게 나타났으며 S. mutans에 대한 항균력은 편백나무>전나무>잣나무>소나무 정유 순으로 활성이 나타났다. E. faecalis에 대해서는 소나무($0.79{\pm}0.05mm$)정유만 항균활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로 천연물 유래 잣나무 정유는 악취물질에 대한 소취효과 및 구강균에 대한 항균활성을 가지고 있다는 것으로 판단되며, 이를 활용한 구강탈취제, 구강청결제 등의 개발이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

Essential oils of various plants have been known for potential biological effects such as antibacterial, antifungal, spasmolytic, antiplasmodial activities and insect-repellent property. Recently, the essential oils have attracted considerable interest in oral disease therapy. This essential oil has been known as being effective on easing sick house syndrome, giving forest aroma therapy effect and acting as repellent against pest. The essential oil of Pinus koraiensi, a native plant from Hongcheon-gun, Gangwon-do, was obtained by hydrodistillation. In light of its medicinal importance, in this study its composition, antibacterial activity and the reducing effect of offensive odor have been analyzed. The composition of essential oil was determined by GC and GC-MS. We have identified 14 compounds, of which 1R-${\alpha}$-pinene (19.38 %), 3-carene (10.21 %), camphene (9.82 %), limonene (9.00 %), bicyclo[2,2,1] heptan-2-ol (8.76 %) and ${\beta}$-phellandrene (7.98 %) were the main components. Essential oils from P. koraiensis, Chamaecyparis obtusa, Abies holophylla and Pinus densiflora were compared in terms of alleviating effect of malodors caused from formaldehyde, ammonia, trimethylamine and methylmercaptan. P. koraiensis essential oil was found to decrease the amounts of ammonia and trimethylamine by 75.17 % and 77.36 %, respectively. Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, which were known as oral cavity inducer, was investigated using the paper disc agar diffusion method. The inhibition zone was observed against S. mutans (5.97 mm) and S. sobrinus (1.40 mm), respectively. P. koraiensis essential oil shown effective deodorization and inhibitory activity against oral cavity in this study might be potential material in oral sanitary industry.