Earticle

본 연구에서는 우리나라 문화재 화재사례의 관련 자료를 수집하여 원인분류 및 분석하였다. 방화, 실화, 자연적원인, 원인미상, 조사불가 등 5가지로 원인을 분류하였다. 원인분석은 발화열원, 발화요인, 최초착 화물, 발화관련기기, 동력원, 연소확대물, 연소확대 범위, 연소확대 요인 등 8가지로 분석하였다. 대응방안 으로는 첫째, 문화재 안전을 위한 국가적 차원의 안전문화 조성이 시급하다. 둘째, 문화재 화재는 무엇보 다 예방이 우선되어야 한다. 문화재 자체의 패시브(passive)적 방어설비의 기술개발이 필요하다. 셋째, 문 화재 안전에 관한 안전문화가 잘 구축되고 예방이 잘 되더라도, 일단 화재가 발생하면 초기진화가 가장 중요하다. 따라서 개별 문화재에 맞는 문제해결형 R&D 연구개발에 관한 전략체계의 수립이 필요하다.

In this study, we analyzed the causes by collection relevant data of Korean cultural property fire cases. The causes were classified into five categories: arson, misfire, natural causes, unknown causes, and no investigation. The cause analysis was carried out in eight ways: ignition heat source, ignition factor, ignition complex, ignition related equipment, power source, combustion enlargement, combustion expansion range, combustion expansion factor. To the countermeasures, first, it is need to create a national safety culture for the safety of cultural properties. Second, prevention of cultural property fire should be a priority. It needs to develop technologies for passive defense facilities for cultural assets. Third, even if safety culture regarding cultural property safety is well established and well prevented, once a fire occurs, first extinguish is most important. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a strategic system for problem-solving R&D for cultural property.

Objectives: We did research in the cause of the Pitchers' injury and their recovery process to make a detailed injury list for the purpose of finding the cause of the Korean professional pitchers' injury and its classification. We drew the conclusion through the results as following. Methods: We posed a question to the 80 pitchers playing in the first team of the eight Korean professional baseball team and analyzed the 62 pieces of question paper except the paper having a mistake. We used SAS/PC statistical package in analyzing the data. Results: In the frequency of the pitchers' shoulder injury in the last three years, the injured of all the players were 61.3$\%$ and the injury free players were 28.7$\%$. The cause of the injury was 45.2$\%$ wrong pitching motion, which was the highest value. For the shape of a pain when injured, the reverberation ache feeling when he is hit in the weight commanded an absolute majority as 19.4$\%$. Those who had muscular pain were 17.7$\%$, which was felt mostly at the pitching motion. The most trouble name of the injured shoulder was bicepstendinitis as 16.1$\%$ while the injury of shoulder joint was the lowest as 1.6$\%$. As the most widely used treatment, 25.8 percent of all the players had taken an electronical thraphy after injury. 14.5 percent of the players who had an injury to the shoulder told that they have an operation and 85 percent of them didn't. As a sort of the operation, a repairing of labrum was 44.4 percent, which is the highest value and the 77.8 percent pitchers are performing a normal pitching through rehabilitation after the operation and 22.2 percent of them are undergoing rehabilitation training. Conclusion: The research have shown that the main cause of the injury, concerning the Korean professional pitchers throwing lots of ball in both matches and practices, is overuse syndrome, bad mechanism, muscle weakness and instability of balance. I think that the role of trainer, physical therapy, and team physician taking charge of the players' injury must learn physical test method by heart exactly to check up the state of the injury definitely at the initial phase. Moreover, when the cause of the injury part after a close examination is discovered, the scientific and good surgery is essential to the rehabilitation success and making a classification of shoulder instability is useful to make a operation plan as well as the players' rehabilitation, treatment.

본 논문에서는, 단락흔과 열흔 판별을 위한 CNN기법과 ResNet의 성능 분석을 비교 분석하는 알고리즘 을 제안하고 검증하였다. 학습을 위한 데이터는 실험을 통해 제작하여 원본 데이터로 생성한 후, 알고리즘에 적용 시켜 학습데이터와 검증데이터로 확보하였다. Resnet 기법을 활용하여 CNN의 오차를 줄이는 방법으로 신경망의 파라미터를 학습하는 것과는 다르게 입력과 출력의 차이를 이용하는 잔차 학습(Residual learning)을 도입함으로 써, 더욱 깊은 네트워크층을 사용하여 효율적으로 학습 가능한 구조를 나타내고 있다. 분석결과 CNN과 Resnet 판별 정확도는 각각 93,54%, 96.81%로 얻었다.

In this paper, we proposed and verified an algorithm that compares and analyzes the performance analysis of the CNN method and Resnet for the distinguish Arc beads and Molten mark. The data for training was produced through experiments and generated as original data, and then applied to the algorithm to obtain training data and validation data. Unlike learning neural network parameters as a way to reduce CNN errors using Resnet techniques, by introducing Residual learning that utilizes the difference between input and output, it shows a structure that can be efficiently learned using a deeper network layer. As a result of the analysis, the CNN and Resnet classification accuracies were 93.54% and 96.81% respectively.

본 논문에서는 CNN 기반의 소음을 이용한 원동 구동장치 진단시스템(PHM)을 제안한다. 이 시스템은 구동장치로부터 발생된 소리로부터 특징데이터를 추출하여 이를 학습한 후 실시간으로 구동장치의 상태를 진단하는 것을 목적으로 하며, 딥러닝 기술을 이용하여 특정 장치에 종속되지 않고 학습할 데이터에 따라 적용 대상이 쉽게 가변 할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 본 논문에서는 실제 적용될 현장에서 발생할 수 있는 예측외의 소음환경에 유연하게 대처하기 위해 딥러닝 모델 중 CNN을 적용한 시스템을 설계하였으며, 제안된 시스템과 이전 연구에서 제안된 DNN 기반의 기계진단시스템을 학습데이터의 환경과 다른 처리배제가 필요한 소음환경에서 비교 실험하여 제안된 시스템이 새로운 환경적응 성능향상에 대하여 우수한 결과를 얻었음을 확인하였다.

Objectives : This Investigation was aimed to find out the Classification of Cause and the Effect of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Treatment for Dentalgia Methods : We surveyed the oriental medical books from $\ll$HungTiNeiChing$\gg$ to recent published books concerning the Acupuncture therapy for Dentalgia Results : 1. Since the time of $\ll$HungTiNeiChing$\gg$ there was called "yateng", "yatong", "chiyaqutong", "kouchitong", "nichi", "chichong", "fengchi", "chongshitong", "chongshiyachi", "chifengzhongtong", "chiyinzhong", "yachuangzhongtong" 2. The Oriental Medical cause of Dentalgia are fire, wind, cold, blood stasis, stomach-heat, phlegm, difficiency of kidney, late snack, insect and wound, and then the Western Medical cause are cacodontia, periodontal disease, trigeminal nerve pain, stress 3. The meridians used for the treatment are large intestine, stomach, triple warmer, gallbladder and small intestine 4. The most frequently used acupuncture point for the treatment are Hapkok(LI3), Naejong(S44), Hyopko(S6), Igan(LI2), Sohae(H3), Yanggok(SI5), Hagan(S7), Taeyong(S5), Samgan(LI3), Kokehi(LI11) 5. The most frequently used moxibustion for the treatment are Sungjang(CV24), Yolgyol(L7), Kyonu(LI15), Taeyon(L9), Hapkok(LI3) 6. In the superior dental pain there commonly used the acupuncture point of stomach meridian, triple warmer meridian, gallbladder meridian in the inferior dental pain there commonly used the acupuncture point of large intestine meridian. 7. The most frequently used acupuncture point for the superior dental pain are Naejong(ST44), Yanggok(SI5), Chongnyong(G17), Kakson(TE20), In the inferior detal pain there are Taeyong(S5), Hapkok(LI3), Igan(LI2), Sangyang(LI1), Samgan(LI3) 8. In the treatment of dental pain The Acupuncture therapy utilized the division of region are the Erzhen therapy(耳針療法), the Touzhen therapy(頭鍼療法), the Shouzhen therapy(手鍼療法), the Zuzhen therapy(足鍼療法), the Bizhen therapy(鼻針療法), the Wanhuaizhen therapy 9. In dental pain the other therapy are the Taozhen therapy(陶鍼療法), the Pifuzhen therapy(皮膚針療法), the Dianzhen therapy(電鍼療法), the Yaozhen therapy(藥針療法).

The Literatural Study on the classification of cause and the effect of Acupuncture and Moxibustion treatment for Youk Jeol Poung was studied from the viewpoint of therapeutic acupuncture and moxibustion effect. And the results were as follows: 1. Youk Jeol Poung is similar to Tong Bi, Ju Bi, Haeng Bi, Tong Poung. 2. The symptoms of Youk Jeol Poung are pain and weakness, difficulty of flexion, swelling and pain, severe pain etc., at night pain is more severe. 3. The cause, mechanism of Youk Jeol Poung is as follow, due to penetration of the wind, cold, moisture, uder situation of whole body is pain. 4. The main treatment is invigorate vital energy and blood, expel wind - evil, promote diuresis, eliminating phlegm, promote blood circulation, cold, heat - clearing. 5. The basal meridian of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment were the channels of Su Jok Sam Yang.

The Literatural Study on the classification of cause and the effect of Acupuncture and Moxibustion treatment for Tinnitus was studied from the viewpoint of therapeutic acupuncture and moxibustion effect. And the results were as follows: 1. The cause of Tinnitus is divided three parts, The Internal Organs factors, Internal damages, and Exogenous pathogenic factors, in The Nei Jing. 2. The basal meridian of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment were the channels of Shaoyang. 3. The treatment of acupuncture had a rule of Ju Ci.

This study investigates the semantic types of cause expressions in mental counseling dialogues, drawing upon the “Target?Aspect” framework from sentiment analysis research. Employing a bottom?up approach, we analyzed web?scraped posts from the online platforms “Mindcafe” and “Wellness Conversation Scripts” from AI HUB and identified 24 target types and 24 aspect types. Subsequently, we validated our proposed typology by classifying cause expressions in 300 new dialogues, achieving an accuracy of 95.1% for target types and 92.6% for aspect types.

본 연구는 2000년대 이후 사춘기 이전의 아동(일반적으로 13세 이하)을 상대로 성적행위를 실행한 10명의 성범죄자 판결자료를 바탕으로, Groth의 소아기호증 ‘분류’유형과 Finkelhor and Araji가 제시한 소아기호증 ‘원인’유형을 적용하여, “Groth 분류유형에 의한 소아기호증 원인에 관한 연구”를 진행하였다. 즉, Groth의 분류유형을 적용한 결과, ‘정신성적장애’를 가진 소아기호증자는 DSM-5에서 정의한 소아기호증의 세 가지 진단기준 여부와 기존 임상적 연구에 의해 ‘성적압력 소아기호증자’와 ‘성적폭력 소아기호증자’의 유형으로 분류되었으며, 또한 Finkelhor an d Araji가 제시한 소아기호증의 네 가지 심리적 원인유형(‘정서적 일치’, ‘성적흥분’, ‘차단’, ‘탈 억제’)에 의해, Groth의 소아기호증자 심리적 분류유형이 달라지는 차이점이 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구는 Groth의 소아기호증 분류유형인 ‘성적압력 소아기호증자’, ‘성적폭력-착취적 소아기호증자’, ‘성적폭력-가학적 소아기호증자’의 세 가지 ‘심리적 분류’를 기준으로 김해선 외 9인의 각 사례를 비교·분석한 뒤, Finkelhor and Araji가 제시한 ‘정서적 일치’, ‘성적흥분’, ‘차단’, ‘탈 억제’의 네 가지 소아기호증 원인유형을 적용하여, Gr oth의 분류유형에 각각 해당하는 소아기호증자의 ‘ 심리적 원인’을 분석하였다. 본 연구결과, Groth의 DSM-5에서 정의한 소아기호증의 세 가지 진단기준에 ‘일부’ 포함되어 아동에게 ‘물리적 강제력’을 수반하는 ‘단순한’ 유형인 ‘성적폭력-가학적 소아기호증자’ 유형(빈도5)이 가장 많은 것으로 분석되었으며, 그리고 이 유형은 Finkelhor and Araji가 제시한 소아기호증의 심리적 원인 중 ‘차단’ 유형(빈도4)과 연관성이 가장 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 또한, 성적폭력-가학적-차단유형의 소아기호증자인 ‘김해선’, ‘이명철’, ‘김수철’, ‘고종석’은 ‘성인 여성과의 정상적인 성적·정서적 차단’의 영향으로 인하여 일시적인 정서불안정, 충동성, 공격성 등의 ‘물리적’ 성향이 나타났으며, 그리고 Pridmore(2005: 856-8 65)의 FMRI연구자료 조사결과 측두엽의 용적저하, 물질대사 및 혈류량이 감소하는 뇌손상 장애를 보였다. 따라서 이 장애를 가진 김해선 외 3인에게는 ‘물리적 성적욕구’을 낮춰주는 LHRH(Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone: 황체 형성 호르몬 방출 호르몬) 작용제 약물의 정기적인 사용과 동시에 심리치료가 필요할 것으로 사료된다(Brik en, et. al., 2001: 45-55).

"A study on a cause of pedophilia based on Groth classification type" was progressed by applying Broth's classification type and 'cause' type of pedophilia suggested by Finkelhor and Araji based on judgment data of 10 sexual offenders who committed sexual violence by targeting children below puberty since 2000s (generally children below 13 years old). In other words, as a result of applying Groth's classification type, persons with pedophilia having 'psychosexual disorder' were classified as a type of 'a person with pedophilia by sexual pressure' and ' that by sexual violence based on three diagnoses standard status of pedophilia defined by DSM-5 and existing clinical research and by 4 psychological cause types ('emotional coincidence', 'sexual arousal', 'blocking', 'disinhibition') of pedophilia suggested by Finkelhor and Araji, Groth's psychological classification type of a person with pedophilia was represented to be different. Therefore, 'psychological cause' of a person with pedophilia relevant to Groth's classification type was analyzed by applying 4 causes of pedophilia suggested by Finkelhor and Araji ('emotional coincidence', 'sexual arousal', 'blocking', 'disinhibition') after comparatively analyzing each case of Kim, Hae, Seon and 9 others based on 3 'psychological classifications' including 'a person with pedophilia by sexual pressure', 'a person with pedophilia by sexual violence-exploitation' and 'sexual violence-sadistic person with pedophilia' that are Groth's classification type. As a result of this study, it was surveyed that 'sexual violence-sadistic person with pedophilia' type (frequency 5) that is 'simple' type accompanying 'physical forced power' to children as a part of 3 diagnosis standards of pedophilia defined by DSM-5 was analyzed to be most dominant and this type was surveyed to have most close relevance with 'blocking' type (frequency 4) among psychological causes of pedophilia suggested by Finkelhor and Araji. In addition, 'Kim, Hae-Seon', 'Lee, Myeong-Chul', 'Kim, Soo-Chul' and 'Go, Jong-seok' who were persons with pedophilia of sexual violence-sadistic-blocki ng type showed temporary 'physical tendency' like emotional instability, impulsiveness, aggression by 'normal sexual, emotional blocking with adult female' and they also showed cerebral damage disorder including volume decrease of temporal lobe, metabolism and reduced blood flow as a result of surveying FMRI research data. Therefore, 3 persons including Kim, Hae-Seon are required to take LHRH(Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone) medicine that lowers 'physical sexual desire' regularly and receive psychotherapy at the same time (Bri ken, et. al., 2001:45-55).

This article is for understanding relations between the classifications of gastritis and syndrome differentiation types of Korean Medicine through research on syndrome differentiations of clinically applied gastritis and literature of Korean Medicine. Clinical papers were searched in China Academic Journals(CAJ) of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) from 1995 to 2015. Conclusions are as follows. First, disease mechanism of chronic gastritis are qi stagnation, damp stagnation, heat obstruction, blood stasis obstruction, yin damage, damage to collaterals with healthy qi deficiency and pathogenic qi. And qi movement stagnation is shown through the status of chronic gastritis. Second, chronic superficial gastritis belongs to qi aspect syndrome and mainly pathogen excess syndrome. And the key mechanisms are congestion and disharmony of stomach qi sometimes combined with liver depression, food accumulation and dampness-heat. Third, chronic atrophic gastritis belongs to qi-blood syndrome and deficiency-excess complex syndrome with the root of spleen qi deficiency and stomach yin deficiency and the tip of blood stasis, qi stagnation. And key mechanism is damage to collaterals with healthy qi deficiency and toxin-blood stasis. Forth, pathogen excess syndromes are shown at the early stage of chronic gastritis and healthy qi deficiency syndromes after the middle stage. Qi deficiency is shown at the beginning of the disease and yin deficiency at the late stage. And qi deficiency is related with superficial gastritis and yin deficiency with atrophic gastritis.

This article is for understanding relations between the classifications of gastritis and syndrome differentiation types of Korean Medicine through research on syndrome differentiations of clinically applied gastritis and literature of Korean Medicine. Clinical papers were searched in China Academic Journals(CAJ) of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) from 1995 to 2015. Conclusions are as follows. First, disease mechanism of chronic gastritis are qi stagnation, damp stagnation, heat obstruction, blood stasis obstruction, yin damage, damage to collaterals with healthy qi deficiency and pathogenic qi. And qi movement stagnation is shown through the status of chronic gastritis. Second, chronic superficial gastritis belongs to qi aspect syndrome and mainly pathogen excess syndrome. And the key mechanisms are congestion and disharmony of stomach qi sometimes combined with liver depression, food accumulation and dampness-heat. Third, chronic atrophic gastritis belongs to qi-blood syndrome and deficiency-excess complex syndrome with the root of spleen qi deficiency and stomach yin deficiency and the tip of blood stasis, qi stagnation. And key mechanism is damage to collaterals with healthy qi deficiency and toxin-blood stasis. Forth, pathogen excess syndromes are shown at the early stage of chronic gastritis and healthy qi deficiency syndromes after the middle stage. Qi deficiency is shown at the beginning of the disease and yin deficiency at the late stage. And qi deficiency is related with superficial gastritis and yin deficiency with atrophic gastritis.

The purpose of this study is to collect and basic data on various problems which is related to defect occurring in residential buildings. In order to analyze the correlation between defect types and building part, defect types were collected and classified through previous studies. On this study showed that one reason of defect type may causes various failure in several building part. For instance, The construction error might causes the water leak defect on the walls and roof, and the thermal bridge and insulation deficiencies might causes the condensation on the walls and floors. the reason of this field failures is absence of detail analysis and misunderstanding of building material’s characteristics. As a result, The standardized construction detail has to be developed to prevent possibility of defect in general.