Earticle

본 연구의 목적은 병원 헬스케어 서비스 분야에서 ICT 조직기능 연관성(Information and Communication Technology Relatedness)과 조직환경이 의료진간 또는 의료진과 환자간 상호작용과 지식공유에 어떻게 영향을 미치며, 지식공유는 의료 서비스 혁신, 그리고 서비스 혁신은 서비스성과에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지를 구조화된 모델을 통해 연구하는 것이다. 자원준거관점(Resource based view), 적합구 조화이론(Adaptive Structuration Theory), 그리고 서비스 혁신이론을 기반으로 헬스케어 서비스 시스템 에서 성과에 영향을 미치는 주요요인으로 ICT 조직기능 연관성, 구성원간의 상호작용과 지식공유를 설정했고, 성과요인으로는 서비스 혁신과 서비스 성과를 설정였다. 모델의 검증을 위해 병원에서 종사 하는 의료직, 기능직, 사무직 종사자들을 대상으로 설문을 실시하여 분석하였다. 모델 검증 결과, 모든 가설들은 유의미하게 성과창출에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 구조화된 조직환경과 ICT 조직기능 연관성은 서비스 조직구성원 및 환자들의 행위에 영향을 주어 상호작용 및 지식공유를 촉진 하고, 병원 헬스케어 서비스의 혁신과 성과에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요소임을 시사하고 있다.

The purpose of this research is to represent how ICT relatedness and organization environment influence on interactions between healthcare specialist and patients, and how knowledge sharing influence on healthcare innovation, and how service innovation influence on service performance through structured research model. This research also has applied to resource based view, adaptive structuration theory, service innovation, ICT relatedness to find out performance effect on healthcare service innovation and service performance. In other words, organization structure environment and ICT relatedness are important factors to promote interaction between healthcare service providers and customers like patients each other, moreover, to share the tacit knowledge by creating in the interaction. Moreover in order to verify model fitness, this research has surveyed among healthcare specialists, technicians and other staffs. Model verification result, all hypotheses have been found to give a positive effect on the creation and significantly. Structured organizational environment and ICT association is to promote the organization's functions by influencing the behavior of the service organization and patient interaction and knowledge sharing, and suggests that the major factors influencing the innovation performance of hospitals and health care services.

최근 정보기술의 발달로, 군에서도 정보시스템의 활용이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 특히 포병화력지 원부대에서는 임무수행을 위한 정보시스템으로 전술사격지휘 시스템(BTCS-A1)을 활용하고 있다. 하 지만, BTCS-A1이 각종 정보를 제공하고 사격지휘 절차를 자동화하여 사격시간을 단축하는 등 임무수 행에 도움이 되는 정보시스템으로 인식되고는 있지만, 시스템이 제공하는 효과성이나 포병부대의 성공적인 임무수행을 위한 기여정도에는 여전히 논쟁의 여지가 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 적합구조화이 론(Adaptive Structuration Theory)에 근거하여 BTCS-A1의 활용을 전유(Appropriation)로 개념화한 후, BTCS-A1의 전유가 포병 사격지휘팀 구성원의 과업성과(Task Performance)에 어떻게 영향을 주는지를 조사하였다. 또한, BTCS-A1의 전유에 영향을 주는 다양한 요인으로 기술적 특성(정보시스템 품질), 조직환경 요인(조직압력), 사격지휘팀의 내부 환경요인(팀 학습풍토, 팀 권한위임풍토)을 고려하여 연구가설과 모형을 제시하였다. 설문분석 결과, 조직압력, 팀 학습풍토, 팀 권한위임풍토가 정보시스템의 전유를 촉진하였으며 정보시스템의 전유는 과업성과를 개선한다는 결과를 얻었다. 반면 정보시스템품 질은 정보시스템의 전유에 유의미한 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 BTCS-A1을 사용하는 포병부대가 정보시스템의 활용을 통하여 과업성과를 향상하기 위해서는 정보시스템의 제공과 사용의 강조뿐만 아니라 시스템 활용을 위한 상급자의 관심과 제도적 장치의 지속적인 고려가 필요하고, 팀 학습풍토와 권한위임풍토의 여건을 마련해주는 조치가 중요하다는 시사점을 발견하였다.

Driven by the development of information technologies, information system (IS) use has been common even in military organizations. In particular, field artillery is currently using the Battalion Tactical Commanding System-A1 (BTCS-A1) to improve fire support. The use of BTCS-A1 makes fire- commanding processes simple and autonomous, which leads to shorten time to support fire. Although BTCS-A1 has been considered as a helpful system, there still exists some dispute regarding its effectiveness and impact on task performance. By conceptualizing BTCS-A1 use as appropriation, this study investigates how BTCS-A1 appropriation promotes task performance. We also hypothesize that IS quality, organizational pressure (institutional pressure and supervisor influence), and team climate (team learning climate and team empowerment climate) increase the appropriation. Survey results show that organizational pressure and team climate promote BTCS-A1 appropriation, which improves users’ task performance. However, effect of IS quality is not significant. Theoretical and practical implications are presented.

At the commencement of research on BI, there are several studies to measure the business value of BI. With the consideration of the BI benefits, it is essential to understand how to use BI. This study investigates the impact of BI tool appropriation and strategic decision characteristics on strategic decision quality by using adaptive structuration, IS success, and strategic decision making theories. A sample of 45 decisions in 39 teams was collected through a field survey to team members that have been using BI tools for strategic decision making. The partial least square (PLS) techniques indicated that faithfulness of BI tool appropriation and consensus on BI tool appropriation have a positive impact on information quality, which has a direct and mediating impact on strategic decision quality. Our findings also demonstrated that the relationship between information quality and strategic decision quality is stronger for low-uncertainty decisions than high uncertainty. The paper concludes with discussions and implications for researchers and practitioners.

Many firms in Korea have adopted and used advanced information technology in an effort to boost efficiency. The process of adapting to the new technology, at the same time, can vary from one firm to another. As such, this research focuses on several relevant factors, especially the roles of social interaction as a key variable that influences the technology adaptation process and the outcomes. Thus far, how a firm goes through the adaptation process to the new technology has not been yet fully explored. Previous studies on changes undergone by a firm or an organization due to information technology have been pursued from various theoretical points of views, evolved from technological and institutional views to an integrated social technology views. The technology adaptation process has been understood to be something that evolves over time and has been regarded as cycles between misalignments and align-ments, gradually approaching the stable aligned state. The adaptation process of the new technology was defined as “appropriation” process according to Poole and DeSanctis [1994]. They suggested that this process is not automatically determined by the technology design itself. Rather, people actively select how technology structures should be used; accordingly, adoption practices vary. But concepts of the appropriation process in these studies are not accurate while suggested propositions are not clear enough to apply in practice. Furthermore, these studies do not substantially suggest which factors are changed during the appropriation process and what should be done to bring about effective outcomes.Therefore, research objectives of this study lie in finding causes for the difference in ways in which advanced information technology has been used and adopted among organizations. The study also aims to explore how a firm’s interaction with social as well as technological factors affects differently in resulting organizational changes. Detail objectives of this study are as follows. First, this paper primarily focuses on the appropriation process of advanced information technology in the long run, and we look into reasons for the diverse types of the usage. Second, this study is to categorize each phases in the appropriation process and make clear what changes occur and how they are evolved during each phase. Third, this study is to suggest the guidelines to determine which strategies are needed in an individual, group and organizational level. For this, a sub-stantially grounded theory that can be applied to organizational practice has been developed from a longi-tudinal comparative case study.For these objectives, the technology appropriation process was explored based on Structuration Theory by Giddens [1984], Orlikoski and Robey [1991] and Adaptive Structuration Theory by Poole and DeSanctis [1994], which are examples of social technology views on organizational change by technology. Data have been obtained from interviews, observations of medical treatment task, and questionnaires administered to group members who use the technology. Data coding was executed in three steps following the grounded theory approach. First of all, concepts and categories were developed from interviews and observation data in open coding. Next, in axial coding, we related categories to subcategorize along the lines of their properties and dimensions through the paradigm model. Finally, the grounded theory about the appropriation process was developed through the conditional/consequential matrix in selective coding.In this study eight hypotheses about the adaptation process have been clearly articulated. Also, we found that the appropriation process involves through three phases, namely, “direct appropriation,” “cooperate with related structures,” and “interpret and make judgments.” The higher phases of appropriation move, the more users represent various types of instrumental use and attitude. Moreover, the previous structures like “knowledge and experience,” “belief that other members know and accept the use of technology,” “horizontal communication,” and “embodiment of opinion collection process” are evolved to higher degrees in their dimensions of property. Furthermore, users continuously create new spirits and structures, while removing some of the previous ones at the same time. Thus, from longitudinal view, faithful and unfaithful appropriation methods appear recursively, but gradually faithful appropriation takes over the other. In other words, the concept of spirits and structures has been changed in the adaptation process over time for the purpose of alignment between the task and other structures.These findings call for a revised or extended model of structural adaptation in IS (Information Systems) literature now that the vague adaptation process in previous studies has been clarified through the in-depth qualitative study, identifying each phrase with accuracy. In addition, based on these results some guidelines can be set up to help determine which strategies are needed in an individual, group, and organizational level for the purpose of effective technology appropriation. In practice, managers can focus on the changes of spirits and elevation of the structural dimension to achieve effective technology use.

One of the most important reasons for using online game is intrinsic motivation which relates the drive to perform a behavior for perceptions of pleasure and satisfaction from the behavior itself. Therefore, most studies for using online game have been based on theories for intrinsic motivation such as flow. However, such theories have some limitations for explaining social aspects of online games such as Massively Multiplayer Online Role Game (MMORPG), which provides a society for game players by using a virtual space for playing games so called 'persistent world'. Adaptive structuration theory (AST) is one of trying to capture the change of using IT due to social interactions between users and system. In order to explain online game players' behavior considering social interaction, we suggest a research model based on AST. Our model aims to investigate the relationship between appropriation which is determined by faithfulness of appropriation (FOA) and consensus on appropriation (COA) and performance which is represented by the relationship among perceived winning, flow, and intention of reuse. An empirical test of our model for 125 MMORPG users which is analyzed by Partial Least Square method shows very satisfactory and interesting results. While hypotheses suggested in our model are supported, the influence of COA on game performance is shown to be stronger than that of FOA.

More recently, Advanced Information Technology of a firm such as KMS supports interpersonal communication and coordination of group works as well as business task. It means that AIT mediates human interaction in addition to support business functions to enhance the efficiency of performing tasks. The adaptive structuration theory is one of the most important theories that can describe the social aspects of AIT. The purpose of this study is to identify the appropriation of KMS based on AST and TAM. To empirically test the proposed model, this study performed an empirical research from a survey was conducted. Total 213 reponses were collected from the employees of several corporations who are using KMS and 203 responses were used in statistical analyses excepting 10 invalid reponses. The results show that perceived ease of use has a significant positive effect on perceived usefulness, faithfulness of appropriation, and consensus on appropriation. Also, faithfulness of appropriation and perceived usefulness have significant effects on user satisfaction in their KMS usage. But consensus on appropriation doesn't have significant effects on user satisfaction. The implication of this study is to help better understand the use of AIT in organizations by suggesting and empirically test the variables to explain the appropriation process of AIT. This study also implies that faithfulness of appropriation and consensus on appropriation are important to obtain user satisfaction of AIT users in general and of KMS users in particular.

이러닝은 인터넷과 시스템적 특성을 이용하여 사용자들의 정보나 지식획득에 기여하고 있다. 특히 많은 기업들이 구성원들의 역량 강화를 위해 이러닝을 도입하고 있어, 사용자 중심의 설계가 더욱 중요시되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 사용자들이 이러닝에서 학습을 수용하고 채택하는 과정이 시스템의 실제 사용 정도와 관련이 있는 것으로 보고, 기술의 전유(appropriation)로 사용자의 태도와 행동을 예측해보고자 한다. 그리고 기업의 이러닝 도입 활성화를 위해서 요구되는 방안에 대하여 기술사용 관점에서 논의하고자 한다.