Earticle

Copyright protection of digital content has become one of important issues in digital content marketplace. Digital watermarking may be used as an effective method for identifying the copyright ownership of digital content against unauthorized use and distribution. In this paper, we propose a robust digital image watermarking algorithm based on the multiple transform method, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and discrete fractional random transform (DFRNT). We adopt a two-dimensional (2D) barcode for hiding information and apply the block code encoding and generate a watermark through them. The generated watermark image is embedded into DWT-DFRNT using quantization technique in order to ensure robustness and imperceptibility of the watermark. Experimental results present that our proposed algorithm has improved the extraction performance by accurately extracting the hidden information in the 2D barcode from the detected watermark. Also, combining the dual transform method, DWT and DFRNT, has improved the imperceptibility and robustness of the watermark against basic image signal processing attacks.

2D barcodes have successfully captured people's attention among mobile applications by capturing images from various devices without hardware modification processes, and providing a possible mechanism for bridging the physical world of printing and the cyber world of the Internet. Therefore, this study suggests a mobile-based product and shelf life management application that uses barcodes to manage various products and their shelf life. The suggested system implements barcode data identification through a mobile camera device, with product categorizing and expiry date notification service on mobile devices. Compared to the RFID-based solutions of existing systems, the suggested barcode-based mobile application does not need any special hardware and it can capture barcodes directly with a mobile camera system, with very limited computing resources and without the need for keyboard input, so that the focus is on designing an effective product and shelf life management system to ensure that users use the purchased products more efficiently and appropriately.