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This review article argues for the need for interfaith unity to create a spiritual civilization in the 21st century. It charts the historical trend towards interfaith unity that reached maturity in the United States and describes the manifold efforts of Sun Myung Moon and Hak Ja Han to this end both in America and Korea.

Planetary science has been revealing more and more facts over the last half century how apparently chance events led to the ideal environment for life to evolve to humans and allowed them to develop science. The theory of intelligent design implies that there was a causal being (creator) who designed and guided the universe so that intelligent life would emerge and reveal the secrets of the creation process and wanted them to know his motivation or purpose of creation. Discoveries in planetary science provide some of the simplest and persuasive examples of intelligent design, which has a potential to unify science and religions through scientific methods.

This paper is explored commonalities and differences by comparing thought of co‐existence of Unification Thought with theory of ideal society of Buddhism. In comparing the two ideas, I would like to compare them from an ontological difference and functional similarities. The subject of comparative research on the contact points between Unification Thought and Buddhism can have various dimensions, such as world view, theory of human beings, theory of the messiah, view of an ideal society, ethical beliefs, view of the economy, view of peace, view of the family, view of afterlife, view of world citizen, and view of meditation practice. This paper is concerned with the following issues from the perspective of Buddhism. First, what is the goal of joint ethics of world religions and theories of an ideal society? Second, what is the theoretical basis of the theory of an ideal society and the economic ethics of Buddhism and Unification Thought? Third, what is the socio‐ethical meaning of the idea of the great compassion based on sameness in essence implied in the Buddhist theory of dependent arising (緣起說, Pratītyasamuptpāda) of no‐self (anātman). Fourth, what are the characteristics of co‐existence (共生, symbiosis), the economic theory of the ideal society of Unification Thought? Fifth, what are the similarities and differences between the view of an ideal society and the co‐existence (symbiosis, concurrently produced) thought of Buddhism and the Unification Thought? Through critical exploration of these issues, I intend to reexamine the methodology for inter‐religious dialogue and to find a common direction toward establishing global ethics.

Recently, microorganism studies increases have provided potential applications and challenges for all organisms. Understanding how the microorganisms' diverse metabolisms have an essential effect on other organisms is crucial. Isolated bacteria from cold environments and have the potential to play various roles at low temperatures. The genetic pattern analysis of carbohydrateactive enzymes (CAZymes) in isolated bacteria from cold environments can help to determine how they adapt and survive in extreme environments. In a genome sequence-based, this study provides insights into the diversity of redundant patterns of CAZyme for finding new compounds and active enzymes that can endure the cold environment of microbial. Genome-wide comparisons confirmed that AA3, AA4, CE1, CE4, CE9, CE14, GH3, GH13, GH23, GT2, GT4, GT51, and CBM48 families of CAZyme were highlighted from isolated bacteria genomes from the cold environment. The CAZyme pattern of cold environment microbial can infer that energy is obtained from polysaccharides found in crustaceans, algae, and grasses in cold environments, such as glycogen, cellulose, hemicellulose, and chitin. These overall results explained the genome sequence based CAZyme pattern analysis of cold environment microbial. The most visible patterns were groups of enzymes that could degrade the main components of a fungal cell wall or the shell components of crustaceans. Thus, In this study provides a way for isolated bacteria from a cold environment to utilize polysaccharide or carbohydrate degradation as an energy source to generate energy in cold environments and provides a foundation for understanding survival adaptation mechanisms under cold adaption.

Heavy elements, heavier than lithium‐7, are synthesized through stellar evolution. One of the important research subjects in nuclear astrophysics is to study how the elements in the universe, which consist of our environment including ourselves, are synthesized through stellar evolution. In the present paper, we review our recent works on a theoretical framework to estimate the reaction rate of radiative alpha capture on carbon‐12 in the red giant stars. We construct an effective field theory, which is based on the methodology of quantum field theory, for the process, and apply the method to the study of nuclear reactions related to the radiative alpha capture on carbon‐12. We discuss the significance of our results and the foresight of the application of the theoretical framework to other nuclear reactions in stellar evolution.

The purpose of this article is to diagnose the critical effect of the climate crisis on the African poor and explore sustainable solutions. Climate change has remained a problem for Africa, pushing more than 100 million people into poverty. The ecosystem resources providing ecological goods and services to the poor have been heavily degraded. Increased anthropogenic activities have significantly altered the ecosystemʹs ability to provide nature‐based solutions for the poor. The research methods used in this study are philosophical and historical approaches, scientific reviews, policy examinations, and community observations, to enhance understanding and explanation as well as expose and evaluate underlying assumptions and connectedness. The studyʹs findings indicated that farmers on the continent routinely engage in farming for subsistence while relying on rainfed agriculture and employing obsolete farming technologies. The concepts of agribusiness, sustainable land, climate smart farming, farmer incentivization, technology transfers, farmer innovative platforms, and farmer data are low, if not absent. Under such conditions, the climate crisis creates a competing demand for food and nutrition. The problem is further exacerbated by frequent political conflict, drought, flooding, climate‐related epidemics, and pollution. In conclusion, the article calls for a serious rethinking of African government climate science policies and programmatic actions, with an opportunity to learn from countries that have experienced successes in climate mitigation and adaptation, such as Korea. While the costs of mitigation may be unaffordable, the recent proposal at COP‐27 to set up a fund to mitigate damages wrought by the climate crisis is welcome. It should also be noted that in Africa, adaptation is the key and calls for a multidisciplinary, transdisciplinary, and multifaceted approach that taps into existing, emerging, and traditional knowledge.