명대 유서류의 서목 수록과 전래의 연계 고찰 - 千頃堂書目, 明史 「藝文志」, 四庫全書總目을 중심으로 -
A Study on the Interrelationship between the Bibliographic Recording and Transmission of Ming Dynasty Leishu - Focusing on the Qianqingtang Shumu, the Mingshi Yiwenzhi, and the Siku Quanshu Zongmu -
This study aims to examine the interrelationship between the bibliographic recording and transmission of Ming Dynasty leishu (類書). To this end, it analyzes the continuity of records concerning Ming Dynasty leishu in Huang Yuji’s privately compiled catalog, Qianqingtang Shumu (千頃堂書目), and the officially compiled catalogs, the Mingshi Yiwenzhi (明史 「藝文志」) and the Siku Quanshu Zongmu (四庫全書總目), while also examining the extant status of these works in Korea and China.
During the 277-year period of the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), 125 Ming-dynasty leishu were recorded in the early Qing bibliographic work Qianqingtang Shumu. Subsequently, of the 78 leishu recorded in the Mingshi Yiwenzhi, 77 were found to have been derived from Qianqingtang Shumu, while 32 were subsequently recorded in Siku Quanshu Zongmu, demonstrating the continuity of their bibliographic records. An analysis of the characteristics of the Ming-dynasty leishu recorded in these three catalogs shows that works concerning texts and historical anecdotes, literature and verse, and comprehensive encyclopedic knowledge constitute the largest categories across all three catalogs.
A comparative analysis of the bibliographic records of the leishu included in bibliographical catalogs of the Ming dynasty revealed differences in the recording of the number of juan (卷), authors’ names, titles, and other bibliographic information, as well as cases in which existing records were corrected or supplemented. A comparative analysis of the descriptive entries for the Yongle Dadian (永樂大典) further showed distinct characteristics among the major bibliographical sources. The Qianqingtang Shumu focused primarily on the circumstances surrounding the compilation and the organizational structure of the work. The Mingshi Yiwenzhi, as an official bibliographical catalog, presented the work relatively briefly for registration purposes. In contrast, the Siku Quanshu Zongmu provided bibliographic textual verification and critical evaluation, while also offering a positive assessment of the work from the perspective of the preservation and transmission of textual materials.
Furthermore, an investigation into the survival status of the Ming-dynasty leishu listed and not listed in the Siku Quanshu Zongmu found that, of the 32 works included in the catalog, 28 are extant and 4 are presumed lost. Among the 46 works not included in the catalog, 17 are extant and 29 are presumed lost. Thus, the survival rate of the works included in the Siku Quanshu Zongmu was 87.5%, whereas that of the works not included was approximately 37.0%. This substantial difference in survival rates suggests the significance of bibliographical inclusion in examining the transmission and preservation of Ming-dynasty leishu. These findings also demonstrate that the Siku Quanshu Zongmu can serve not merely as a bibliographical catalog but also as an important bibliographic resource for identifying the bibliographic characteristics and textual value of Ming-dynasty leishu, including works that are no longer extant, and for tracing patterns of their transmission.
In conclusion, this study reexamined the value and significance of traditional bibliographic catalogs and their role as a form of mass media in transmitting knowledge to the modern era by analyzing the continuity of the cataloging and transmission of Ming-dynasty leishu from the Qianqingtang Shumu through the Mingshi Yiwenzhi to the Siku Quanshu Zongmu.