Earticle

초록

영어

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria have increasingly emerged as a significant global health challenge in the effective treatment of bacterial infections. Therefore, we conducted this study to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of nitric oxide (NO) water and its influence on RAW 264.7 macrophage immune cell line during bacterial infections. The experiment was divided into four groups: NC (normal control), NT (cells + NO water), infected group (each bacterial strains), and treatment group (infected + NO water). NO water was generated using device by bubbling NO gas into tap water, thereby generating final concentrations of 100, 175, and 250 μM. The antibacterial activity was assessed against five different pathogenic bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella pullorum (S. pullorum), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Colony-forming unit (CFU) assays revealed a significant reduction in bacterial growth, with 250 μM NO water exhibiting the strongest antimicrobial effects. In particular, E. coli and S. aureus were the most susceptible, showing over a 90% reduction in CFU counts as compared to the control group. Moreover, P. aeruginosa, S. pullorum, and H. pylori also significantly decreased bacterial counts as compared to the control group. Furthermore, the effects of NO water on immune cell activation was assessed by treating RAW264.7 macrophages cell line to bacterial infection and measuring post-treatment cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and NO production. At 30 μM NO water, a significant increase in cell viability was observed 6 hours post-infection, particularly in S. aureus and S. pullorum-infected macrophages. However, cell viability decreased at 12 and 24 hours, indicating a time-dependent response. NO water significantly reduced ROS levels in E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and H. pylori-infected cells, thereby mitigating oxidative stress. In contrast, S. aureusinfected cells, ROS levels were increased, suggesting a pathogen-specific response. Additionally, NO water significantly increased intracellular NO levels in bacteria-infected RAW264.7 cells, particularly in infections with S. aureus, E. coli, and S. pullorum. Collectively, our findings suggest that NO water enhances NO synthesis, decreases ROS production, modulates immune responses, and facilitates pathogen clearance. However, further more in-depth in vivo and clinical studies are necessary to fully elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

키워드

저자

• Chaodeng Mo [ Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University/Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Graduate School, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea ]
• Md. Habibur Rahman [ 1Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea ]
• Johny Bajgai [ 1Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea/3Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea ]
• Hui Ma [ Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University/Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Graduate School, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea ]
• Wenjing He [ Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University/Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Graduate School, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea ]
• Sofian Abdul-Nasir [ Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University/Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Graduate School, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea ]
• Thu Thao Pham [ Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University/Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Graduate School, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea ]
• Haiyang Zhang [ Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University/Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Graduate School, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea ]
• Da Jun Moon [ Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University/Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Graduate School, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea ]
• Cheol-Su Kim [ Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea ]
• Kyu-Jae Lee [ Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University/Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Graduate School, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426, Republic of Korea ] Corresponding Author

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  한국물학회 학술대회

• 간기

  부정기

• 수록기간

  2013~2024

• 십진분류

  KDC 539 DDC 628