The portraits of Ming and Qing dynasties play an important role in the development of traditional Chinese portraits, and they have formed a diversified style based on the inherited painting style of previous generations. This paper explores portrait painting of Ming and Qing dynasties from the perspective of "phrenology", elaborates on the factors of physiognomy in portrait painting of Ming and Qing dynasties, and further demonstrates the relationship between physiognomy and portrait painting of Ming and Qing dynasties. To a certain extent, physiognomy also influenced the development of portrait painting, and explore the relevance of physiognomy in Ming and Qing portrait painting in terms of the concept of form and spirit, imagery and modeling. During the Song and Yuan dynasties, due to the rise of literati painting, portrait painting from the palace painting slowly transferred to the folk, painting theory of portrait was also becoming more mature, and portrait painting in the Ming and Qing dynasties stood to become an independent subject. The origin of phallic art is not clear, and there are many books on phallic art in ancient times, so this paper takes the content of phallic art as the entry point, and the portrait paintings of Ming and Qing dynasties as the research object, thereby finding out the correlation points related to phallic art from the portrait paintings, gradually refining the subjects, and looking into the differences between Chinese and Western portrait paintings. Through the study of the factors of physiognomy in the portrait painting in the Ming and Qing dynasties, this study hopes to provide some inspiration for the contemporary portrait painting and creation.
한국어
明ㆍ淸초상화는 중국 전통 초상화의 발전에서 중요한 위치를 차지합니다. 표현 의 형태로는 이전 세대의 회화를 계승하여 다양한 형식이 형성되었음은 물론 여러 요 인의 영향을 받아 번성하게 발전했습니다. 본문은 '관상술(相術)'의 시각에서 명ㆍ청초 상화를 탐문하고, 명ㆍ청초상화 속 그 요소를 밝히고, 상술과 명ㆍ청초상화의 관계를 논증하였다. 상술은 초상화의 발달에도 영향을 주어서 명청 초상화의 형신관, 조형관 등에 있어서의 상관성을 탐구할 수 있다. 宋ㆍ元시대에는 문인화의 발흥으로 초상화가 궁중 회화에서 민간으로 옮겨가고 초상화에 대한 화론 저술이 무르익으면서 명ㆍ청대에 독 립적으로 작품화되었다. 상술의 기원이 언제인지는 명확하지 않고, 고대 상술과 관련 하여 연구 성과는 많으나, 본고에서는 상술의 내용을 근거로 하여 명․청초상화 작품 을 연구 대상으로 한다. 아울러 초상화 작품에서 상술과 관련된 연관점을 찾아내고 점 차 세분화하여 중국과 서양 초상화의 차이점에 대해 언급하였다. 그 결과 명․청초상 화 속의 상술적 요소를 연구함으로써 당대의 초상화 그림과 창작에 시사하는 바가 크다.
목차
<논문요약> Ⅰ. Introduction Ⅱ. Overview of portrait painting Ⅲ. physiognomy and Ming and Qing portraits 1. The cultural connotation of physiognomy 2. The Relationship between Physiognomy and Portraiture 3. Physiognomy and the Application of Portraiture in the Ming and Qing Dynasties 4. The shape of the spirit and imagery modeling Ⅳ. The Differences between Chinese and Western Portrait Painting V. The Inspiration of Physiognomy to Modern Contemporary Portrait Painting VI. Conclusion ABSTRACT