This paper is to analyse the cause of income disparity between regions and between provinces in the western region of China since implementing the Great Development Strategy of Western China, employing relative labor productivity index and relative openness index etc. The results of this paper are as followings; First, the indices of relative labor productivity have great differences between regions and between provinces in the western region. In the east the indices were high and increasing, but in the west low and even decreasing. So the disparity between east and west was widen over the periods. Second, the Chinese provinces vary considerably in the degrees of relative trade openness. The relative openness indices were high and increasing in eastern region of China, whereas low and unchanging in western region.