Earticle

초록

영어

The research on facial animation is growing and became more sensible in terms of three dimensional data. The emergence of laser scans and advanced 3D tools imparted further towards the rapid development of complex facial model. This paper has given an overview on facial animation techniques such as blend shape interpolation, facial action coding system and parameterization. The major challenges, excitement, applications, recent progress and the future of various diversified facial animation methods are high-lighted as well. The emotional theory, involving the cognition as one of the elements of emotion and emphasizing on somatic factors describing emotional expressions and its perception as the other elements are presented. The essential factors responsible for emo-tional colors manifestations to an individual are the key issues. The notable theories and models of Goethe, Claudia Cortes, Naz Kaya, Color Wheel Pro, Shirley Willet and Yau Xueon facial colors expressions are critically commented and a facile comparison is car-ried out. Furthermore, a detailed discussions on facial colors appearance are provided using image based skin color analysis and synthesis, reflectance based model, bidirec-tional texture function, physiology measurement based and emotional appearance mod-els. The paper completed with the remarkable features official expression comprised of facial action coding system and MPEG-4 facial animation that enable considerable im-provement on facial animation technology. Our in-depth appraisal on facial animation may contribute as taxonomy towards the development of human facial skin colors on 3D avatar including facial action coding system, emotion theory, color theory, animation via blending and image based color analysis useful for various applications.

목차

Abstract
 1 . Introduction
 2 . Facial Animation
  2.1. Facial Animation Techniques
 3 . Emotion Theory
 4. Emotion Color
 5. Theory of Emotion Colors
  5.1. Color Theory of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
  5.2. Color Model of Claudia Cortes
  5.3. Color Model of Naz Kaya
  5.4. Colors from Wheel Pro
  5.5. Model of Shirley Willett
  5.6. Theory of Yan Xue
  5.7. Comparison of Different Emotion Colors Models
 6 . Facial Color Appearance
  6.1. Image Based on Skin Color Analysis and Synthesis
  6.2. Reflectance Based Model
  6.3. Bidirectional Texture Function
  6.4. Physiology Measurement Based Models
  6.5. Emotional Appearance Models
 7 . Facial Expressions
  7.1. Facial Action Coding System
  7.2. Moving Picture Experts Group
 8 . Conclusion
 Acknowledgements
 References

키워드

저자

• Mohammed Hazim Alkawaz [ Faculty of Computing ,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia, Faculty of Computer Sciences and Mathematics, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq ]
• Dzulkifli Mohamad [ Faculty of Computing ,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia ]
• Ahmad Hoirul Basori [ Interactive Media and Human Interface Lab., Department of Informatics, Faculty of Information Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya, Indo-nesia ]
• Farhan Mohamed [ Faculty of Computing ,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia ]

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering

• 간기

  월간

• pISSN

  1975-0080

• 수록기간

  2008~2016

• 등재여부

  SCOPUS

• 십진분류

  KDC 505 DDC 605