This study is an attempt to examine changes in the process of embodying national heroes based on the evolutionary recognition, with its focus on Shin Chae-ho's novels. Before Korea was colonized, Shin recorded Korean history based on the evolutionary recognition. In his history, the conqueror status was specifically embodied as a national hero. However, his attempt to overcome the hard reality by remembering winners was undermined by the colonized reality. The fact that the national hero presented in "Choidotongjeon(최도통전)" was not a winner but a loser is a reflection of the reality, and at the same time, Shin's pessimism about the evolutionary recognition by admitting the reality as a loser. His quest into the evolutionary recognition was strengthened after his exile. Shin's criticism about Goong-ye, who suppressed his people despite the national hero status, demonstrated that his concept of national hero had been changed. In particular, his displaying heroins rather than heros, and highlighting ordinary people who were discriminated showed that his concepts of heros or heroins were no longer based on the evolutionary competition. The aforementioned discussion is expected to contribute to diversifying thoughts about Shin before 1920s, which have been uniformly based on the evolutionary recognition.