Earticle

This paper aims to clarify the concept of clipped words and blends in korean by investigating the morphological characteristics some problematic examples. Clipped word is formed by clipping the part of a word. It have the same meaning with the original word. There is a diversity of opinions about what is the morphological identity of abbreviations that is formed from the first syllables extracted the constituents of a word. This paper considers a word have the clipping process as clipped word. Initialism is not a opposing concept with clipped word in korean but only a type of clipped word. Blends are words formed by combination of arbitrary of existing two or more words and are characterized by comprising both clipping and compounding. The typical blends is ones that two or more existing words have paradigmatic relations, and that all of two or more existing words is clipped, and that have AD pattern in morphological structure. The most problematic example in the study on blends is abbreviations that the componential words have syntagmatic relations, and that the clipped parts is the first syllables of words, and that AC pattern in morphological structure. This paper consider abbreviations of this AC pattern as blends on the evidence of existence of the syntagmatic blends of AD pattern. So initialism is considered as needless concept in study on blends in korean. This paper demonstrated that the meaningful sameness between original forms and blend is not criteria which distinguish whether any abbreviations is blends or not. So componential words which can form syntactic constructions of parallel connection become blends by undergoing both clipping and compounding.

In this paper, a SiC MOSFETs gate driver for parallel connections is proposed and implemented. The proposed design enhances the reliability of parallel-connected SiC MOSFETs in high-frequency applications. High-speed over-current protections are applied for both over-voltage and under-voltage situations. In addition, a dynamic balancing current sharing scheme for SiC MOSFETs is proposed for high-speed parallel applications by current feedback and switching delay time compensation. With the proposed design, parallel-connected SiC MOSFETs can work at an operation frequency of 1 MHz with over-current protections. In addition, with the dynamic current balancing scheme, the operation temperature decreases from 115 to 86.9 ℃, while the temperature difference for paralleled devices drops from 25.8 to 1.8 ℃.

This paper presents a method of improving the power factor and , the waveform of A.C line currents and the output waveforms of AC to DC fully bridge converter systems which is achieved by connecting CON I.II and CON III.IV in series and parallel. The basic principle of the CON I.II.III.IV's operation is simple and feasibility of thease converter is proved by experiments. CON I and CON III are constructed of natural commutation, CON II and CON IV are constructed of forced commutation. The experimental results show that the power factor and waveform of the source currents and the output waveforms are improved by the method of connecting converter in series and parallel and driving it in I, II, III, IV quadrant.

This paper presents a five-level PWM inverter using series and parallel connection of voltage sources. The alternative connection is done by an auxiliary circuit consisted of a switch, three diodes, and two batteries. The auxiliary circuit is located between input dc voltage source and H-bridge cell. Thanks to the auxiliary circuit, the proposed inverter synthesizes five-level output voltage in an effective way. Topologically both batteries are charged and discharged in the same rate, so it does not need to apply battery voltage balancing control method. Theoretical analysis of the proposed inverter is verified by computer-aided simulation and experiment based on a prototype of 1kW.

Cost effectiveness is an important parameter for producing DSSCs as compared to the widely used conventional silicon based solar cells. A fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate coated with a catalytic amount of platinum is used as counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cell. Carbonaceous materials are quite attractive to replace platinum due to their high electronic conductivity, corrosion resistance towards $I_{2}$, good catalytic effect and low cost. In this paper, the unit DSSCs with Pt and CNT as a counter electrode were connected in series-parallel externally, then the current-voltage curves were investigated to find out the connection characteristics of the DSSC with CNT counter electrode. The connection characteristics of the DSSC with CNT counter electrode is superior to that of the DSSC with Pt counter electrode. And a parallel connection of the DSSC with CNT counter electrode has higher efficiency than a series connection of that.

Carbon nanotube(CNT) materials are expected a stable current collector without the phenomena such as oxidizing and melting of grid by redox electrolyte and with low cost. In this paper, two types of dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs) with Pt abd CNT as a counter electrode were fabricated, then the energy conversion efficiency characteristics were investigated. The main purpose of this study is to find out the possibility of CNT material as cheap current collector of a large scale DSSC module. In addition, the Hall coefficient were measured by using FCM analysis.

For accuracy of an experiment, measure changing of grounding resistance by short period after construction and investigated the efficiency of grounding's different methode of parallel connection. We could confirm on measurement's accuracy, error through comparing the theoretical value and measured value. Therefore, reduction ratio can be expected from execution measurement to receive a target resistance value. By the result, we could evaluate the method of rod grounding electrode's proper execution

이번 연구에서는 병렬 결합된 두 개의 비동기 순차 머신에 대한 교정 제어 문제를 다룬다. 각 비동기 머신은 동일한 외부입력을 받아 서로 독립적인 상태 천이 특성을 보인다. 본 논문에서는 한 개의 교정 제어기만을 이용하여 두 개의 비동기 머신의 폐루프 시스템 동작을 각각의 기준 모델의 동작과 일치시키도록 하는 제어 방법을 제안한다. 본 방법은 교정 제어기 두 개를 사용해야 하는 기존 방법에 비해 제어기 크기 및 계산량을 줄일 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 대상 비동기 머신이 입력/상태 유형이라고 설정하고 상태 피드백 교정 제어기가 존재할 조건과 설계 과정을 제시한다. 또 예제 시스템을 통하여 제안된 기법의 적용 과정을 기술한다.

We address the problem of corrective control for two asynchronous sequential machines in parallel connection. Each asynchronous machine receives the same external input and shows independent state transition characteristics. We propose a novel control scheme in which only one corrective controller is employed so as to make the closed-loop system of each machine match the behavior of the corresponding reference model. Compared with the former method utilizing two corrective controllers, our scheme can reduce the controller size and computational load in controller design. We present the existence condition and design procedure for a state-feedback corrective controller under the assumption that the controlled machines are of input/state type. The design procedure for the proposed controller is described in an illustrative example.

We have analyzed operating characteristics of hybrid-type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) according to the parallel connection of secondary windings with $YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7}$ (YBCO) films. The turn ratio between the primary and secondary windings of each reactor was 63:21. Hybrid-type SFCL using a transformer with parallel reactors could reduce the unbalanced quench caused by differences of the critical current density between YBCO films. We found that hybrid-type SFCL having parallel connection induced simultaneous quench between the superconducting elements. The quench-starting point at this time was almost same. When the applied voltage was 200V, the limiting current in the hybrid-type SFCL with a serial connection was lowered to 34 percent than that in the SFCL with a parallel connection. In the meantime, when the voltage generated in the superconducting elements was the same, the current value in the parallel connection was 60 percent less than in the serial connection. The voltage generated in the primary winding also showed the similar behavior. In conclusion, we found that the fault current was limited more effectively in the SFCL with the serial connection but the power burden of the superconducting elements was reduced in the parallel connection.

We investigated the operational characteristics of the hybrid-type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) according to the serial and parallel connections of secondary circuits. The hybrid-type SFCL consists of a transformer, which has a primary winding and several secondary windings with $YBa_2Cu_3O_7$ films connected in series and parallel. In order to increase the capacity of the SFCL, the serial connection between each current limiting unit is necessary. The hybrid-type SFCL with the serial connection in secondary circuits could show superior characteristics than those of the parallel connections in the current limiting and quench time. The resistances generated in the superconducting units were also lowered at the parallel connections. We confirmed that the parallel connection reduced the power burden of each superconducting unit under the same conditions because of the simultaneous quenching between superconducting units.

This paper suggests a 6-pulse-shift converter with PWM current-source inverter based on buck-boost configuration to improve the efficiency and to reduce the switching frequency of inverter for photovoltaic generation system, the device can be operated as interface system between solar module system and power system grid without energy storage cell. the circuit has six current-source buck-boost converter which operate chopper part has one full bridge inverter which make a decision the polarity of AC output. Therefore, the proposed PWM power inverter has advantages such as the reduction of witching loss and realization of unity power factor operation. the theoretical backgrounds are discussed and the input-output characteristics for the implemented prototype inverter using TMS320F2812 are verified experimentally in this paper.

This paper presents a hybrid winding connection method for torque characteristics improving of a traction SRM. In order to get a high torque in wide speed range and torque ripple reduction, series and parallel winding connection are changed according to operating speed. From the analysis of torque character operation mode and efficiency, the proposed control scheme is verified.

B-ISDN 환경의 VB5.2 인터페이스는 B-BCC 프로토콜을 이용하여 액세스 망과 서비스 노드 사이에서 ATM 자원의 동적인 할당 및 해제 기능을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 액세스 망의 도입으로 인한 연결 선정 지연을 향상시키기 위하여 VB5.2 인터페이스의 B-BCC 프로토콜을 개선시킨 B-ANCC 프로토콜과 서비스 노드에서 VS5.2 인터페이스의 연결 제어 프로토콜이 신호 프로토콜과 병렬형으로 연동하는 모델을 제안하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 B-ANCC 프로토콜의 정확성을 확인하기 위하여 자동 도구인 SPIN을 이용하여 검증하였으며, 큐잉 모델 분석과 시뮬레이션을 통하여 B-BCC 프로토콜 기반의 순차형 연동 모델과 B-ANCC 프로토콜 기반 병렬형 연동 모델의 연결 설정 지연 및 완료비에 대한 비교, 분석을 수행하였다. 분석 결과 VB5.2 인터페이스의 연결 제어 프로토콜로 B-BCC 대신 B-ANCC를 사용하고 병렬형 연동 방식을 사용함으로써, 연결 설정 지연과 완료비 모두를 향상시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

The VB5.2 interface of B-lSDN, that is located between an access network and a service node, allows dynamic allocation and release of ATM resources. In this paper, we propose the B-ANCC protocol of the VB5.2 interface to minimize the overall connection setup delay by introducing the access network. The B-ANCC protocol enhances the B-BCC protocol and adopts a parallel interworking function with signaling protocols in the service node. To confirm the correctness of the proposed B-ANCC protocol, we validate it using the automated validation tool, SPIN. We analyze and simulate the sequential interworking model based on the B-BCC protocol and the parallel interworking model based on the B-ANCC protocol, in terms of a connection setup delay and a completion ratio. It is shown that our proposed parallel interworking model with B-ANCC reduces a setup delay and improves a completion ratio compared to the sequential interworking model with B-BCC.

A battery is the device that transforms the chemical energy into the direct-current electrical energy directly without a mechanical process. Unit cells are connected in series to obtain the necessary voltage, while being connected in parallel to organize capacity for load current and to decrease the internal resistance for corresponding the sudden shift of the load current. The circular-current, however, could be occurred when the system is driven in parallel. As a result, the new batteries are heated by over-change and discharge, and the over charge current makes to increase the rust of the positive grid and consequently the shortened life of the new batteris would be shown. In this paper, the internal resistance of charge and discharge will be balanced, through inserting the resistance into the system by way of calculation of the changed amount of internal resistance.