Earticle

본 연구는 산업용 열교환기 및 상용 파이프의 최적 설계를 위하여 열교환기 내의 사각형 단면 파이프의 shear-thickening 비뉴톤 유체의 압력강하 및 대류 열전달률을 수치해석적으로 수행하였다. shear-thickening 유체의 구성 방정식은 기존의 비뉴톤 유체 멱법칙을 보완한 확장 멱법칙 모델을 채택하였다. 파이프 내의 압력강하를 의미하는 마찰계수와 확장 레이놀즈 수의 곱은 기존 연구의 비교자료와 비교할 때 뉴톤 유체 영역과 멱법칙 영역에서 각각 0.018% 및 0.06% 내에서 일치함을 보였고, 대류 열전달률을 의미하는 뉴셀트 수는 문헌치와 비교할 때 뉴톤 유체 영역과 멱법칙 영역에서 각각 0.025% 및 0.14% 내에서 일치함을 보였다. 비뉴톤 확장 멱법칙 유체 모델의 형태를 띠는 shear-thickening 유체를 열교환기 또는 상용파이프 내의 사각형 단면 파이프 내에서 사용하면 유동지수(n)에 따라서 뉴톤 유체보다 최대 160%의 압력강하를 증가시켰고 최대 14%의 대류 열전달 감소를 발생시킬 수 있었다.

The isothermal characteristics of a rectangular parallelepiped sodium heat pipe were inves­tigated for high-temperature applications. The heat pipes was made of stainless steel of which the dimension was $140\;m\;(L)\;{\times}\;95m\;(W)\;{\times}\;46 m\;(H)$ and the thickness of the container was 5 mm. Both inner surfaces of evaporator and condenser were covered with screen meshes to help spread the liquid state working fluid. To provide additional path for the working fluid, a lattice structure covered with screen mesh wick was inserted in the heat pipe. The bottom surface of the heat pipe was heated by an electric heater and the top surface was cooled by circulating coolant. The concern in this study was to enhance the temperature uniformity at the bottom surface of the heat pipe while an uneven heat source up to 900 W was in contact. The temperature distribution over the bottom surface was monitored at more than twenty six locations. It was found that the operating performance of the sodium heat pipe was critically affected by the inner wall temperature of the condenser region where the working fluid may be changed to a solid phase unless the temperature was higher than its melting point. The maximum temperature difference across the bottom surface was observed to be $114^{\circ}C$ for 850 W thermal load and $100^{\circ}C$ coolant inlet temperature. The effects of fill charge ratio, coolant inlet temperature and operating temperature on thermal performance of heat pipe were analyzed and discussed.

Dipole model based analytical expression is proposed to estimate the length and depth of the rectangular defect on ferromagnetic pipe. Among the three leakage profiles of Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL), radial and axial leakage profiles are considered in this work. Permeability variation of the specimen is ignored by considering the flux density as close to saturation level of the inspected specimen. Comparing the profile of both the components, radial leakage profile furnishes the better estimation of defect parameter. This is evident from the results of error percentage of length and depth of the defect. Normalized pattern of the proposed analytical model radial leakage profile is good agreement with the experimentally obtained profile support the performance of proposed expression.

In the pultrusion process for the CFRP (Carbon fiber reinforced plastic) rectangular pipe, the drawing device is eseential which can continuously produces products and draws the carbon fiber tow. In addition, since the degree of cure changes depending on the temperature and the temperature ditribution of the curing mold changes depending on the pultrusion speed, the temperature distribution of the curing mold under certain conditions must be studied before processing. In this study, in the pultrusion process using a closed impregnation method, which has several advantages compared to the general pultrusion process using a open bath impregnation method, the drawing force required to pull the carbon fiber tows and the temperature distribution of the curing mold was analyzed to design the drawing device and the curing mold efficiently.