Earticle

본 연구는 오프라인 환경의 상점에서 활용할 수 있는 근거리 무선 통신 기반의 유비쿼터스 고객 관계 관리 시스템을 설계하고 분석한다. 기존에 오프라인 환경의 상점에서 활용했던 고객 관계 관리 시스템은 로열티 카드를 발급하거나, 구매 확인을 위해 도장을 찍어주는 것, 또는 소프트웨어 프로그램 을 활용해 고객들의 상점 방문 및 구매 이력을 관리하는 것이 대부분이었다. 그러나 이러한 고객 관계 관리 시스템은 상점 관리자가 풍부한 고객 데이터를 획득하기 어려울 뿐만 아니라, 데이터를 획득한다 하더라도 체계적으로 관리하기 어려웠던 것이 사실이다. 특히, 로열티 카드를 활용하는 경우 에는 고객들이 그 카드를 소지하고 다니지 않거나, 분실하는 경우가 빈번하기 때문에 그 효율성 및 효과성에 대해 의문이 제기된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 오프라인 환경의 상점에 근거리 무선 통신 태그가 부착됨으로써, 상점 관리자들은 고객 데이터를 용이하게 수집 및 관리할 수 있고, 고객들은 상점의 정보를 이음매 없이 파악할 수 있는 유비쿼터스 고객 관계 관리 시스템을 제안한다. 이를 위해 먼저 고객 관계 관리에 대한 기존 연구들을 검토하여, 유비쿼터스 고객 관계 관리의 개념을 검토하고, 제안 하고자 하는 근거리 무선 통신 기반의 유비쿼터스 고객 관계 관리 시스템이 고려해야 할 요소를 도출한다. 그리고 제안 시스템이 활용되는 상황의 시나리오를 제시하고, 제안 시스템을 활용하게 되는 참여자들의 가치 분석과 프로세스 분석을 수행한다. 또한 실제 비즈니스 환경에서 제안 시스템의 활용 가능성을 다양한 관점에서 검토한다.

This research aims to design and analyze a ubiquitous customer relationship management system based on near field communication which can be applied to stores in off-line environment. The existing customer relationship management system has been used mainly for stores in off-line environment to issue a royalty card, to stamp a seal on the purchase goods, and to manage the history of customers’ visits and purchases. But, the existing system has two weaknesses; it makes difficult for a store manger not only to acquire a wealth of customer data but also to systematically manage the acquired data. In particular, the effectiveness and efficiency of the royalty card are questioned when a customer makes purchases in the store in that the customer frequently does not carry it or loses it. So, this research suggests a ubiquitous customer relationship management system where a tag for near field communications is attached to a store in off-line environment; a store manager can collect and manage easily customer’s dada and customers can seamlessly acquire store’s information. To do this, this research conducts the followings. First, we review the previous researches of customer relationship management to examine the concept of ubiquitous customer relationship management. Second, from the examination, we draw the factors to be considered in ubiquitous customer relationship management system based on near field communication. Third, we propose a scenario where the suggested system is used. Fourth, we analyze the participants’ values and the process that will be used for the suggested system. Finally, we discuss the possibility of the application of this system to real business environment from various viewpoints.

In this paper, we present a three-dimensional (3D) optical encryption technique for quick response (QR) code using computational synthesized integral imaging, computational volumetric reconstruction, and double random phase encryption. Two-dimensional (2D) QR code has many advantages, such as enormous storage capacity and high reading speed. However, it does not protect primary information. Therefore, we present 3D optical encryption of QR code using double random phase encryption (DRPE) and an integral imaging technique for security enhancement. We divide 2D QR code into four parts with different depths. Then, 2D elemental images for each part of 2D QR code are generated by computer synthesized integral imaging. Generated 2D elemental images are encrypted using DRPE, and our method increases the level of security. To validate our method, we report simulations of 3D optical encryption of QR code. In addition, we calculated the peak side-lobe ratio (PSR) for performance evaluation.

A quick response (QR) code is a two-dimensional barcode in which a lot of information can be recorded. There are many online QR code generators that conveniently make QR codes. Recognition of QR codes with a smartphone is easy and fast. Therefore, QR codes are widely used in various industries, such as manufacturing, logistics, transportation, retail stores, advertising, education, and office automation. This paper proposes the design of a QR code–based client–server tour guide system, which comprises a web server, a streaming server, and an archive system. The client is a smartphone application that recognizes the information in a QR code when the user takes a picture of it. Then, the client accesses the web resource designated by the QR code. A web site can provide a video closely related to the tourist attraction to which the QR code is attached. In addition to playing videos, the web site provides many kinds of useful information to tourists.

Quick response (QR) code is the prevalent trademark for a type of matrix barcode symbol. That code is always scanned to efficiently acquire data, especially for mobile device users. It involves the capabilities of data storage, reliable readability and strong error correction. This paper utilizes these properties of a QR code to propose an image tamper detection and recovery scheme for grayscale images. The image to be protected is first subsampled and decomposed the principal energy compaction for image blocks. These are regarded as the image authentication and recovery data and then are encoded into the pattern of a QR code. The QR code is subsequently embedded into the original image. Experimental results showed that the authentication and recovery data in a QR code is able to sustain certain perceptible distortions such that the proposed scheme can detect tampered regions clearly and recover them roughly. Moreover, the proposed scheme also provides a better embedded image quality in comparison with the previous method.

본 논문에서는 스마트 폰과 QR코드를 활용하여 기존의 출입 통제 시스템과 보안시스템의 역할을 수행하며 문제점을 해결할 수 있는 시스템을 제안하고자 한다. 출입 통제 시스템은 종이카드에 기록이 되기 때문에 전산화 하지 못하고 출근카드가 소진이 되면 추가로 구매해야하는 불편함이 있으며, RFID를 활용한 카드 출입기는 카드를 분실할 경우 복제의 위험성과 보안에 문제점이 발생하게 된다. 보안 시스템에서는 감시카메라를 전역 설치할 경우 비용이 커지며, 기록을 보존해야하기 때문에 대용량 저장 장치가 필요하게 된다. 이 시스템을 활용할 경우 스마트 폰의 사용자 정보와 QR코드의 정보를 통해 출입 통제 기능을 수행할 수 있으며, 카메라의 기능을 통해 감시카메라 역할을 대신하여 비용을 절감할 수 있고 출입 통제기록과 근태 관리 등을 전산화를 시킬 수가 있어 근무자를 관리하는데 용이해진다.

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of perceived ease of use, perceived benefits, and perceived risk of using QRIS among people in the city of Semarang. Design/methodology/approach: The population used is all users of the QRIS payment system, the sample size is 200 respondents, with the sampling technique using purposive sampling. The data source used is primary data, with data collection methods using questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is Partial Least Square. Findings: The results of hypothesis testing showed that perceived ease of use had a positive and significant effect on the intention to use QRIS, perceived benefits had a positive and significant effect on the intention to use QRIS, and perceived risk had a negative and significant effect on the intention to use QRIS. Research limitations/implications: The limitations of the study are the sample and the intention factor used. Future research needs to expand its scope and explore other factors such as the availability of IT infrastructure and the quality of service from vendors. Originality/value: The study contributes to TAM theory by focusing on the using of the e-money payment system by Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS). Other contribution is test and compare the covariance based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) software i.e. SmartPLS v. 4, AMOS v. 25, and Lisrel Lisrel v12.4.4.