Earticle

본 연구는 고령자의 스마트폰 이용률 증가에 따라, 고령자가 활용이 가능한 ICT(정보통신기술) 기반의 맞춤형 보행보조기술 개발을 제시하고 이에 대한 사용자 니즈(needs)를 규명하고자 하였다. 맞춤형 보행보조서비스의 형태는 햅틱(진동 및 촉각정보)을 통한 보행안내지원 서비스와 자동 및 셀프 SOS 시스템, 그리고 접근차량의 정보알람 서비스가 포함된 웨어러블(Wearable) 보행안내 보조 장치를 기반으로 한다. 이러한 서비스의 실효성을 검토하기 위하여 189명의 잠재적 고령자와 고령자를 대상으로 그들이 가지는 보행에 관한 심리적 태도 및 각 서비스에 대한 선호도, 그리고 보행안내 보조 장치에 대한 WTP (willingness to pay)를 조사 및 분석하였다. 또한 조사된 변수를 통해 요인분석(Factor analysis)을 수행하였으며 여기서 도출된 요인간 상관관계 파악을 위해 경로모형 (path model)을 추정하였다. 분석된 결과를 통해 연령대에 적합한 보행보조 장치의 맞춤형 서비스의 방향을 제시하였으며, 이는 제품화된 기술에 대한 활용범위를 증대시키고 궁극적으로 고령자의 보행 안전성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

In accordance to rapid aging of population, the accidents of elderly pedestrian and pedestrian safety are becoming very important issues. In terms of smartphone technologies, older people are increasingly looking for useful and friendly ICT services that which can add a value on their silver life. This paper introduced a new IT-based service for elderly walking assist using a smart-phone accompanied by a wearable watch. We describe the functional requirements and a systems architecture model with an interface between a smart-phone and wearable watch. Moreover, this study attempted to verify what services are needed and to estimate elderly pedestrians’ WTP (willingness to pay) for IT-based walking assistance device. A total of 189 elderly pedestrians were randomly surveyed through face-to-face interviews. The questionnaire consisted of 3 categories: (1) questions pertaining to socio-economic status, (2) 12 questions regarding walking attitudes, and (3) a question to measure WTP. With this gathered data, factor analysis and path model estimating were conducted. The results identified the elderly user requirements and the use-value of new innovative products for IT-based walking assistance services by two groups(latent elderly and elderly). The modeling result shows that elderly’s service preference would increase the possibilities for the commercialization of IT-based walking device with improving their walking safety.

In this paper, we propose a soft actor?critic (SAC) algorithm with hindsight experience replay (HER), called SACHER, which is a class of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm. SAC is an off-policy model-free DRL algorithm that outperforms earlier DRL algorithms in terms of exploration and robustness. However, in SAC, maximizing the entropy-augmented objective degrades the optimality of learning outcomes. We propose SACHER to improve the learning performance of SAC. We apply SACHER to the path planning and collision avoidance control of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). We demonstrate the effectiveness of SACHER in terms of the success rate, learning speed, and collision avoidance performance of UAV operation.

Purpose: Family caregivers of people living with dementia (PLWD) may experience mental and physical health issues. The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with family caregiver outcomes and to describe their interrelationships. Methods: Grounded in the stress process model, path analysis was conducted using secondary data from 178 dyads of community-dwelling PLWD and family caregivers in Korea. Caregiver outcome was assessed through caregivers’ health status and stress due to behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Agitation and depression were specified as primary stressors, and PLWD factors were included as background factors associated with BPSD, with separate symptom models. Results: Agitation and depression showed the strongest associations with family caregiver stress related to BPSD. Agitation explained 45.1% of caregiver stress related to BPSD variance (β=.66, p<.001), while depression explained 41.5% (β=.63, p<.001). Agitation and depression were related to caregiver health status (β=.17, p=.006; β=.18, p=.017). In both agitation and depression models, female caregivers (β=.19, p=.008, in both models), older age (β=.21, p=.007, in both models), and lower economic status (β=.32, p<.001, in both models) were associated with poorer caregiver health status. Dementia severity and patient age showed indirect associations with caregiver stress related to BPSD through agitation and depression. Conclusion: Agitation and depression were associated with caregiver stress related to BPSD, while caregiver characteristics were associated with health status. These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions to address BPSD and support caregivers. Family-centered and system-level approaches are essential for improving outcomes for PLWD and their families.

이 연구의 목적은 가상 시뮬레이션의 특수교육 활용에 영향을 미치는 현존감 요인의 경로를 분석하는데 있다. 이 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 C 지역 J 대학교와 K 대학교 예비특수교사 76명을 참여자로 선정하였다. 참가자들은 각 3시간으로 구성된 3개 강의를 통해 가상 시뮬레이션 이론 및 실습을 진행하였으며, 이후 현존감 검사와 가상 시뮬레 이션의 특수교육 활용 기대감 설문지에 응답하도록 하였다. 이 연구의 결과 가상 시뮬레이션의 특수교육 활용 기대에 영향을 미치는 현존감 요인은 다음과 같다: 첫째, 현존감 요인 중 ‘재미’와 ‘상호작용’은 긍정적 기대에, ‘몰입’은 부정적 우려에 각각 직접 효과를 나타냈다. 둘째, ‘사실성’ ‘접근성’ ‘수행’ ‘상호작용’ ‘몰입’은 ‘재미’를 매개로 긍정적 기대에 간접 효과를 나타냈다. 셋째, ‘상호작용’과 ‘사실성’은 ‘몰입’을 매개로 부정적 우려에 간접 효과를 나타냈다. 마지막으로 연구결과에 따라 논의하고 제언하였다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the paths of the presence that influences the use of the virtual simulation in the special education classrooms. The participants consisted of 76 students who majored in special education in J and K universities. Participants took a three lectures of 3-h. that addressed the theory and practice of virtual technology such as virtual reality(VR) and augmented reality(AR), and then completed the questionnaires on participants’ presence level and expectation level of virtual simulation for special education. Study results were as followings: (1) Enjoyment and Communication have direct effects on positive expectation, while Immersion has a direct effect on negative concern; (2) Reality, Accessibility Performance, Communication, and Immersion have indirect effects mediated by Enjoyment on positive expectation; and (3) Communication and Reality have indirect effects mediated by Immersion on negative concern. Lastly, the implications and suggestions for future research were presented.

Management of the workforce in the early career stage who enter information security work after graduating from college or university so that they can continue to develop their information security careers without leaving the organization can be a solution to the problem of absolute shortage of staffing and lack of skills. This is because the workforce can improve their job skills, and organizations can build a stable, cost-effective human resource management system. This paper constructed and verified a turnover intention research model focusing on the factors that affect the turnover intention of early-stage workforce who took their first steps in society as an information security workforce after graduating from university or college; it confirmed that self-realization is a crucial factor. Furthermore, with in-depth interviews, the career path information of skilled workers, which is essential information necessary for self-realization, was analyzed, and the direction of HRM for self-realization of the workforce in the early career stage was presented.

Purpose: This study was conducted to test the model for sleep in community-dwelling older adults. The hypothetical model based on a senescent sleep model was constructed using the multiple influencing factors of sleep and associated adverse outcomes of changes in sleep in the older adults. Methods: Data were collected from 203 community-dwelling older adults living in Korea, and analyzed using IBM SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: Increased age and multiple comorbidities were associated with decreased physical activities. Decreased physical activities were associated with smaller social networks, and smaller social networks were associated with higher level of loneliness. Multiple comorbidities, decreased physical activities, larger social networks, and higher level of loneliness were associated with maladaptive sleep hygiene. Decreased physical activities, higher level loneliness, and shorter actual sleep duration were associated with worse sleep quality. Smaller social networks and shorter actual sleep duration were associated with lower cognitive functions. Smaller social networks, higher loneliness, and worse sleep quality were associated with more severe depressive symptoms. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the sleep improvement interventions not only with physical perspectives but psychosocial onesfor older adults may improve depressive symptoms as well as sleep quality.

본 연구의 목적은 부모와의 의사소통 개방성과 성인 애착, 자기 존중감이 대학생의 성적 자기 주장에 어떠한 경로로 영향을 미치는 지 탐색하는 데 있다. 이는 데이트 폭력의 보호 요인인 성적 자기 주장의 발달에 영향을 미치는 요인과 경로를 탐색하여 데이트 폭력 예방에 직접적인 함의를 주기 위한 것이다. 본 연구에는 영남권(부산, 대구, 경북)에 소재한 4년제 대학교에 재학 중인 대학생 680명이 조사에 참여하였다. 데이터 분석에는 변인간의 상관 관계 검증을 위한 Pearson의 상관관계분석과 매개 모형의 검증을 위한 구조방정식 모형을 사용하였다. 분석 결과, 부모-자녀 의사소통, 성인 애착, 자기 존중감 변인 중에 자기 존중감 만이 대학생의 성적 자기 주장에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 부모-자녀 의사소통은 성인 애착과 자기 존중감을 매개로 간접적으로 성적 자기 주장에 영향을 미쳤다. 성인 애착 역시 자기 존중감을 매개로 간접적으로 성적 자기 주장에 영향을 미쳤다. 자아 존중감은 부모-의사 의사소통과 성적 자기 주장간의 관계 및 성인 애착과 성적 자기 주장간의 관계를 완전 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 분석 결과를 토대로 데이트 폭력 예방 서비스에 대한 시사점을 제언하고 본 연구의 제한점 및 후속 연구에 대한 제언점을 기술하였다.

The purpose of this study was to the examine the relationship among parent-child communication, adult attachment, self-esteem and sexual assertiveness of college students using a path model. A total of 680 college students who were enrolled in the local universities located in Busan, Daegu and Kyungsangbuk-do participated in this study. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and structured equation modeling. Result of this study showed that self-esteem among the three factors ?parent-child communication, adult attachment, and self-esteem was found to have significant direct effect on sexual assertiveness. Self-esteem was confirmed as a complete mediator between parent-child communication and sexual assertiveness as well as in the relationship between adult attachment and sexual assertiveness. Parent-child communication had significant indirect effect on sexual assertiveness, while adult attachment and self-esteem mediated the relationship between parent-child communication and sexual assertiveness. Adult attachment was also found to have significant indirect effect on sexual assertiveness, while self-esteem mediated the relationship between adult attachment and sexual assertiveness. Implications for dating violence prevention programs were provided based on the result of this study. Lastly, limitations of this study and suggestions for future studies were provided.

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence medication adherence and self-care among low-income older adults with hypertension. Methods: A sample of 297 low-income older adults with hypertension was recruited from June 30 to July 30, 2010. Data collection was done using a face-to-face interview with structured questions. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient,and path analysis. Results: Subjective health status, duration of hypertension, number of drugs excluding antihypertensives, body mass index, knowledge about hypertension, sense of coherence, benefit, barrier, and self-efficacy were identified as significant predictors. Subjective health status and duration of hypertension,knowledge, depression, and self-care showed direct effects on medication adherence. Depression had the strongest direct influence on medication adherence. Body mass index, benefit, self-efficacy, and depression showed a direct effect on self-care. Sense of coherence was a strong predictor of depression which significantly influenced on medication adherence and self-care. Conclusion: For enhancing medication adherence and self-care, it is suggested that a psycho-education program reducing depression and increasing knowledge about hypertension should be provided into low-income older adults with hypertension.

본 연구는 청소년 동성애자들이 자신의 성정체성을 드러내는 과정이 자살 위험성에 미치는 영향을 경로모형을 사용하여 실증적으로 검증하였다. 본 연구의 대상자는 스스로를 동성애자로 규정하면서 적어도 1명 이상에게 자신의 성정체성을 드러낸 경험이 있는 만 13세에서 만 23세 사이의 청소년 동성애자로서 눈덩이 표집방식으로 자료를 수집하였으며 최종 115명을 대상으로 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 청소년 동성애자들은 커밍아웃의 범위가 넓어질수록 주변의 수용정도가 부정적이고 반동성애 폭력경험에 노출될 가능성이 높아지며 또한 비자발적으로 아웃팅을 당할수록 반동성애 폭력경험이 많아지는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 수용정도가 부정적이고 반동성애 폭력경험이 많을수록 청소년 동성애자의 우울수준과 자살위험성이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 자신의 성정체성을 드러내는 과정에서의 주변의 수용정도나 반동성애 폭력경험과 같은 사회적 반응이 이들의 자살위험성에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 청소년 동성애자에 대한 실천적 함의를 논의하였다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the process of influences of disclosure on suicidal risk of gay and lesbian youth. And the data were analyzed using path modeling with AMOS 6.0 and SPSS 12.0. In this research, gay and lesbian youths aged 13~23 who recognized their sexual identity and disclose to at least 1 person were the research subject for a survey, and materials on 115 youths were collected by snowball sampling method. The major findings are summarized as follows. Depression and suicidal risk of gay and lesbian youths were influenced indirectly through perceived acceptance level and anti-gay violence experience after 'coming out' or 'outing'. Eventually, the social response after disclosure of their sexual identity more influenced on suicidal risk of gay and lesbian youths. On the basis of these results, this study provided some suggestions for preventing or reducing suicidal risk of gay and lesbian youths.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to construct and verify a path model for the influencing factors on occupational stress of Vietnamese migrant workers in Korea. Methods: Participants were 193 Vietnamese migrant workers recruited from Foreign Workers Support Centers. Data were collected by a self-administered survey with copies of a Questionnaire written in Vietnamese. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients and path analysis using SPSS/WIN 23.0 and Amos 20.0 program. Results: Length of residence, homeland friends’ and Korean colleagues’supports, and acculturation have been found to have significant direct effects on occupational stress of Vietnamese migrant workers. Meanwhile, Length of residence, homeland friends’, Korean colleagues’, and their families’ supports showed indirect effects on their occupational stress. What had the greatest direct effect on occupational stress of Vietnamese migrant workers was Korean colleagues’ support. Conclusion: For reducing occupational stress of Vietnamese migrant workers, it is necessary to strengthen their Korean colleagues’ supports in work places. In addition, community organizations should take strategies to enhance homeland friends’ supports and to improve acculturation of Vietnamese migrant workers.

Purpose: In this study, the fitness of a path model on suicidal ideation in university students was examined including the relationship of the following stress perception, problem focused coping style, dysfunctional impulsivity, somatization, anger, and depression. Methods: The subjects consisted of 645 university students. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyses was performed using SPSS/WIN 12.0 and LISREL 8.30. Results: According to the modified model, depression was found to have the most significant direct effect on suicidal ideation. Stress perception and problem focused coping style were also found to have a significant direct effect on suicidal ideation. On the other hand the anger, somatization, and dysfunctional impulsivity were found to have a significant indirect effect mediated by depression on suicidal ideation. Conclusion: These results suggest that university students’ suicidal ideation can be decreased by managing stress perception, dysfunctional impulsivity, depression, anger, and somatization and increasing problem focused coping style. Based on the outcomes of this study, it is necessary to develop stress management methods and positive coping styles. Key words : University, Suicidal ideation, Stress, Coping skills, Depression

Purpose: This study examined the fitness of a path model for the relationship among daily life stress, problem of life, social support, depression, and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Methods: The subjects consisted of 247 adolescents. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires. The data were analyzed by the SPSS and AMOS programs. Results: Daily life stress, problem of life, social support, and depression showed direct effects on suicidal ideation in adolescents, while daily life stress and problem of life showed indirect effects on suicidal ideation in adolescents. Daily life stress and problem of life showed direct effects on social support and depression in adolescents. The hypothetical path model of adolescents' suicidal ideation was proven correct. Conclusion: Based on the outcomes of this study, it is necessary to design an intervention program that emphasizes the reduction of daily life stress, problem of life, depression and enhancement social support in order to prevention adolescents’ suicidal ideation.

Purpose: This study examined the fitness of a path model on the relationship among perceived health status, self?esteem, self?efficacy, and Yangsaeng for elderly women. Methods: The subjects consisted of 633 aged women. Data were collected through self?report questionnaires. The data were analyzed with the SPSS and AMOS programs. Results: Perceived health status, self?esteem, and self?efficacy showed a direct effect on elderly women’s Yangsaeng while perceived health status and self?esteem showed an indirect effect on their Yangsaeng. Perceived health status and self?esteem showed a direct effect on elderly women’s self?efficacy. The hypothetical path model of elderly women’s Yangsaeng was proven correct. Conclusion: These results suggest that elderly women’s Yangsaeng can be enhanced by increasing their perceived health status, self?esteem and self?efficacy. Based on the outcomes of this study, it is necessary to design an intervention program that emphasizes the enhancement of perceived health status, self?esteem and self?efficacy in order to improve elderly women’s Yangsaeng.

본 연구는 조절초점이론(Regulatory focus theory)에 근거하여 부정적인 기능만이 강조되어 온 신경증이 특정 맥락 하에서의 진로탐색행동 촉진여부를 탐색하고자 하였다. 이와 관련하여 본 연구는 진로탐색행동과 관련하여 지각된 불안은 신경증이 높은 개인에게 적합한 동기적 단서를 제공함으로써 수행을 향상시키지만, 성공적인 수행에 대한 기대감인 자기효능감은 이에 상응하지 않을 것이란 가정 하에 설정한 경로모형의 적합성을 검증하였다. 이를 위하여 서울 소재 4년제 대학생 223명(남학생 93명, 여학생 130명)을 대상으로 신경증척도, 진로탐색자기효능감척도, 상태불안척도, 진로탐색행동척도, 조절초점전략척도가 포함된 설문을 실시하였다. 그리고 상황적 맥락에 따라 참가자들을 구분하기 위하여 긍정적인 역할모델 지시문 또는 부정적인 역할모델 지시문이 포함된 두 종류의 설문에 참가자들을 무선 할당하였다. 연구결과 본 연구의 경로모형은 적합한 것으로 나타났으며, 진로탐색행동관련불안은 정적으로, 진로탐색자기효능감은 부적으로 신경증과 진로탐색행동의 관계를 매개하였다. 본 연구는 또한 서로 다른 조절초점기제에 따른 관련 변인에서의 차이 여부를 조사하고, 개인의 성향적인 조절초점과 상황적으로 일시적으로 유도된 조절초점의 일치여부에 따라 본 연구의 경로모형의 적합성이 다르게 나타나는 지를 확인하였다. 먼저 예방초점일수록 신경증과 진로탐색행동관련불안이 크며, 향상초점일수록 수행에 대한 자신감인 진로탐색자기효능감이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 성향과 상황적 조절초점이 일치하는 경우에서만 본 연구의 경로 모형이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구 결과에 대한 해석과 시사점 및 제한점에 대하여 논의하였다.

Based on the Regulatory Focus Theory, this study investigated the possibility that neuroticism could prompt one's career exploration behavior under a certain circumstance. For the purpose, this study examined the model fit of the path model driven by the hypothesis that perceived anxiety about career exploration behavior will enhance performance by providing positive motivational cues to an individual who is high in neuroticism while self-efficacy will impede performance. 223 college students(93 men and 130 women) completed measures of neuroticism, career exploration self-efficacy, state anxiety, career exploration behavior, and regulatory focus strategies. This survey was designed as having two types, one including the instruction about positive role models, the other having negative role models. Then in order to classify the participants according to contextual conditions, we randomly assigned the participants to these two types. The results revealed that career exploration anxiety positively mediated the relationship between neuroticism and career exploration behavior while career exploration self-efficacy negatively mediated that relationship. This study also looks into whether relevant variables vary depending on different regulatory focus mechanisms, and whether accordance/discordance between dispositional regulatory focus and situational regulatory focus affects the suitability of this study’s path model. When one was more prevention focused, the extension of neuroticism and perceived anxiety was higher. But when one was more focused on promotion, he had higher career exploration self-efficacy. And when the dispositional and situational regulatory focus were correspondent, the path model could be applied. Explanations for unexpected outcomes and suggestions for future research are also discussed.

본 연구는 자기애와 성폭력의 관계에서 경로모형을 설정하고 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 자기애가 특권 분노에 영향을 미치고 특권 분노가 성적 지배에 영향을 미쳐 성폭력으로 연결되는 경로와, 자기애가 허용적 성태도에 영향을 미치고 허용적 성태도가 성적 대상화에 영향을 미쳐 성폭력으로 연결되는 경로로 구성된 이중 경로모형을 설정하였다. 또한 각 경로의 2차 매개변인인 성적 지배와 성적 대상화가 성폭력에 영향을 미치는 경로에서 알콜사용과 강간통념수용의 조절효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 모형적합성과 조절효과 검증을 위해, 충청지역 4개 대학교에서 수집한 368명의 질문지 자료를 사용하여 구조방정식 모형분석을 하였다. 모형검증 결과, 다양한 대안모형과 적합도 비교에서 1, 2차 매개변인들이 완전 매개하는 연구모형이 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 연구모형의 성적 지배가 성폭력에 영향을 미치는 경로에서, 성적 지배동기가 높으면 알콜사용 수준이 높을 때 또는 강간통념수용 수준이 높을 때 성폭력이 대폭 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 논의에서는 본 연구 결과의 시사점 및 제언이 기술되었다.

In this study, We examined the dual path model in which entitlement rage and sexual dominance on the one of two pathway, sexual permissiveness and sexual objectification on another pathway mediated the relation between narcissism and sexual aggression. In addition, it was investigated whether alcohol use and rape myths acceptance have moderating effects in the pathways from sexual dominance and sexual objectification to sexual aggression on our path model. Data from 368 male college students in four university in Chungcheong province were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results in structural equation modeling exhibited that narcissism affected sexual aggression through mediating effects of entitlement rage and sexual dominance, and through mediating effects of sexual permissiveness and sexual objectification. Furthermore, alcohol use and rape myths acceptance only moderated the relation between sexual dominance and sexual aggression on our model. We discussed the meaning of results and the implications for further study.

흔히 진보와 보수로 일컫는 정치적 태도는 선거에서 지지 후보를 선택하는 중요한 요인이다. 최근에는 개인의 기본적인 심리적 특성들이 정치적 태도의 형성에 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 연구 결과들이 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 개인의 내적 심리 요인들 중 기본적 개인 가치, 도덕성 기반, 성격 특질(성실성, 친화성, 경험에 대한 개방성)이 정치적 태도의 형성에, 그리고 그를 통해 선거 후보 선택에 영향을 미칠 것으로 가정하고 이에 대한 경로 모형을 검증하였다. 이를 위해 제18대 대선에서 보수와 진보 후보 지지자들의 심리적 특성들을 측정, 비교하였다. 300명(여성 152명)의 참가자들이 각 지역의 인구비율에 맞추어 모집되었으며 2012년 12월 19일 대선 직전 인터넷을 통해 설문에 참가하였다. 정치적 태도의 측정을 위해 진보와 보수의 일차원적 개념 이외에도 한국 사회의 특수한 이념 특성을 반영한 구체적 정치 사안들에 대한 입장과 체제정당화 등의 다각화된 변인들을 사용하였다. 분석 결과, 개인의 내적 요인인 기본적 개인 가치 10차원 중 권력, 안전, 성취, 전통의 차원에서 각 후보 지지자들 간에 차이가 나타났으며, 정치적 태도인 이념적 성향, 북한변화요구/북한지원, 경제성장/소득분배, 경제성장/환경보호, 체제정당화에서도 두 집단 간에 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 관찰되었다. 최종적으로 기본적 개인 가치가 정치적 태도를 통해 정치적 판단으로 이어지는 매개 효과들이 확인되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 정치적 판단에 관련된 심리적 특성의 보편성과 특수성을 밝힐 수 있었다.

Political attitudes, typically discussed in terms of liberal and conservative, are an important factor in candidate choice in elections. Recently, research has been documenting that basic psychological characteristics can influence formation of political attitudes. In this study, we hypothesized and tested a path model in which three sets of intraindividual psychological factors of basic personal values, moral foundations, and personality traits (conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience) can impact political attitudes, and in turn, candidate choice in an election. We measured and compared psychological characteristics of supporters of conservative and liberal candidates in the 18th Korean presidential election. We recruited 300 participants (152 female) employing quota sampling for regions, who participated via the internet before the 2012 election. Various facets of political attitudes were measured, including the unidimensional constuct of ideological orientation, stances on social issues specific to the Korean political context, and degrees of system justification. The results showed that supporters of the two major presidential candidates differed on such personal value dimensions as power, security, achievement, and tradition, as well as political attitudes of ideological orientation, positions on North Korea, the economy, the environment, and system justification. Finally, mediation effects from basic personal values to political judgment through political attitudes were identified. We were able to demonstrate both universality and specificity in psychological characteristics involved in political judgments.

Purpose: This study was conducted to predict the effects of behavioral intention on pap screening tests in unmarried college women using a path model. Methods: The study subjects were 216 university students and data were collected through self-report questionnaires including knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intentions to take the Pap test, and health responsibility. Results: Knowledge regarding the Pap test was moderate. The factors of knowledge, attitude, and perceived behavioral control negatively influenced the behavioral intention of the Pap test. However, the factors of subjective norms and health responsibility positively influenced behavioral intention. Conclusion: Subjective norms are the most importance factor to increase the intentions of the Pap test among unmarried college women. It is also necessary to eliminate barriers to undergoing pap testing, as well as to provide nursing intervention to obtain correct knowledge and a positive attitude regarding the Pap screening test.

Purpose: This study identified relationships among person-centered care environment, patient engagement, and patient outcomes in stroke rehabilitation patients. Methods: This descriptive, correlational study was conducted using data from 243 post-stroke patients who were admitted in 6 rehabilitation hospitals. We collected data using self-report, structured questionnaires, which included items about the person-centered care environment, patient engagement, patient outcomes (patient satisfaction with nursing care, activities of daily living, levels of depression), and demographic characteristics. Path analysis and descriptive analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0. Results: The hypothesized path model fit well for data based on goodness-of-fit indices. In the path model, person-centered care environment was significantly related to patient engagement and patient satisfaction with nursing care but not to activities of daily living and levels of depression, controlling for demographic character istics. Additionally, person-centered care was significantly related to patient satisfaction with nursing care and reduction of depression through patient engagement. Conclusion: Findings indicate the importance of developing a person-centered care environment to improve satisfaction with nursing care for stroke rehabilitation patients. A person-centered care environment improves patient engagement, which might be a significant factor in patient outcomes, including reduced depression for stroke rehabilitation patients.