Earticle

Yoon Dong-Ju’s poetry collection ‘Sky, Wind, Stars and Poems’ was translated in Japanese by Ibuki Go for the first time in 1984. After that, in 1990, the Japanese translation of ‘Seo si’(the prologue in Sky, Wind, Stars and Poems), as a poem that was written by a Korean, was printed in Japanese junior high school textbooks of Modern Japanese Language for the first time. This made Yoon Dong-Ju widely known in Japan and until today he is still loved by Japanese people. But in 1995, 10 years after the first Japanese translation, named ‘Sky, Wind, Stars and Poems’, was published, it has been pointed out that there are many excessive mistranslations about the original proem, and some researchers at home and abroad continue to criticize the original translation. In this context, this thesis aims to reveal whether the evaluation of mistranslation of this work is appropriate by re-finding the criticism of Yoon Dong-Ju’s Japanese translation since the 1990s.

Kövecses(2006) suggested that there is a peculiar metaphor that is preferred by other members according to the social factors and historical periods of a community. Such peculiar metaphors differ not only from one culture to another, but also exist in a same culture. Based on the theory of Kövecses, this study aims to investigate how the emotions of universal and central love of human beings appear differently in Korean culture, and to clarify the aspects through the songs of Shin Seung Hun and Baek Ji Young. In Chapter 2, we focus on the causes of cultural variation presented by Kövecses (2002, 2010). In Chapter 3, we explore the metaphorical conceptualization of love which Koreans customarily hold through song lyrics. In Chapter 4, we will discuss the metaphorical variation in Korean culture from two perspectives, based on the conceptual metaphor of love, and the difference of choice in metaphorical conceptualization and metaphorical language expression derived from Chapter 3.

Despite the fact that Japan has wide experiences and long history of translation compared to other neighboring countries, except for in few studies, it is still lacking behind in regards to research on translation education, translation theory and translation strategy. This can be attributed to the fact that translation study is still not fully recognized as a separate discipline in Japan. For this reason, professional interpreters and translators are mainly trained in private tutoring classes and professional schools. However, in recent years, the related achievements in translation are being recognized and there has been a movement to set up specialized courses to train professional interpreters and translators. According to this study, institutions of higher education (graduate school) offering translation education courses at present (2019) is only 2% of the whole of graduate school. In addition, the translation education course is offered only as a sub-discipline in Science of Communication and Linguistic Culturology. South Korea started Interpretation and Translation master degree program in 1979 and China started Translation and Interpretation master degree (MTI) program in 2007. Compared to these two countries, Japan is considerably slow. This study has attempted to give an overview of the situation of translation education in higher education institutions in Japan by examining its current situation of translation education. It also analyzed the contents of Korean translation education courses in graduate schools and professional schools. Through this research, specific problems are pointed out and the solutions to each problem are presented in this paper.

How could we conceptualize and express the abstract feelings of 'love' in our daily lives? The cognitive semantics claim that it can be shaped by the metaphorical conceptualization of abstract emotional states. According to Kὅvecses(2005), physiological metonymy provides cognitive motivation to metaphorical conceptualization, and metaphorical conceptualization is generally considered to be natural because it is founded on physiological metonymy. This paper looks at the process how the emotion of love could be conceptualized in order to understand the fact that metonymic experience becomes the foundation of metaphorical conceptualization. It especially focus on the cognitive correlation of metonymy and metaphors through Shin Seung Hun‘s songs. This study also tries to extend to community perspective so that it could look further into the Korean public’s cultural characteristics towards love by means of metonymic experience on which to base the metaphor conceptualization.

Among all of the types of translation, literature translation is the most difficult field. Especially the novels has distinctive factor that is divided by ‘linguistic symbols’ such as storyteller, listener, and other point of view inside of it since it has to be focused on narratives. This linguistic symbol refers to the personal pronoun. Personal pronouns are essential in order to understand the original text because it has grammatical elements in the original text and the target language text, also it would be influenced by the pragmatic features of the language and cultural environment. Even though Korean and Japanese are generally considered to be similar languages, there are also differences especially in the expression of personal pronouns between the two languages. Therefore, in the translation, if only the elements in the original text are simply converted reflectively, it would easily cause the wrong translation or unnatural translation in the target language text. The author argues that translation, as a means of communication to fill the gap between different cultures, should be analyzed by using a pragmatic perspective. This paper analyzes the unique personal expressions in Korean and Japanese.

Yoon Dong-Ju’s poetry collection ‘Sky, Wind, Stars and Poems’ was translated in Japanese by Ibuki Go for the first time in 1984. After that, in 1990, the Japanese translation of ‘Seo si’(the prologue in Sky, Wind, Stars and Poems), as a poem that was written by a Korean, was printed in Japanese junior high school textbooks of Modern Japanese Language for the first time. This made Yoon Dong-Ju widely known in Japan and until today he is still loved by Japanese people. But in 1995, 10 years after the first Japanese translation, named ‘Sky, Wind, Stars and Poems’, was published, it has been pointed out that there are many excessive mistranslations about the original proem, and some researchers at home and abroad continue to criticize the original translation. In this context, this thesis aims to reveal whether the evaluation of mistranslation of this work is appropriate by re-finding the criticism of Yoon Dong-Ju’s Japanese translation since the 1990s.

Kovecses(2006) suggested that there is a peculiar metaphor that is preferred by other members according to the social factors and historical periods of a community. Such peculiar metaphors differ not only from one culture to another, but also exist in a same culture. Based on the theory of Kovecses, this study aims to investigate how the emotions of universal and central love of human beings appear differently in Korean culture, and to clarify the aspects through the songs of Shin Seung Hun and Baek Ji Young. In Chapter 2, we focus on the causes of cultural variation presented by Kovecses (2002, 2010). In Chapter 3, we explore the metaphorical conceptualization of love which Koreans customarily hold through song lyrics. In Chapter 4, we will discuss the metaphorical variation in Korean culture from two perspectives, based on the conceptual metaphor of love, and the difference of choice in metaphorical conceptualization and metaphorical language expression derived from Chapter 3.

Despite the fact that Japan has wide experiences and long history of translation compared to other neighboring countries, except for in few studies, it is still lacking behind in regards to research on translation education, translation theory and translation strategy. This can be attributed to the fact that translation study is still not fully recognized as a separate discipline in Japan. For this reason, professional interpreters and translators are mainly trained in private tutoring classes and professional schools. However, in recent years, the related achievements in translation are being recognized and there has been a movement to set up specialized courses to train professional interpreters and translators. According to this study, institutions of higher education (graduate school) offering translation education courses at present (2019) is only 2% of the whole of graduate school. In addition, the translation education course is offered only as a sub-discipline in Science of Communication and Linguistic Culturology. South Korea started Interpretation and Translation master degree program in 1979 and China started Translation and Interpretation master degree (MTI) program in 2007. Compared to these two countries, Japan is considerably slow. This study has attempted to give an overview of the situation of translation education in higher education institutions in Japan by examining its current situation of translation education. It also analyzed the contents of Korean translation education courses in graduate schools and professional schools. Through this research, specific problems are pointed out and the solutions to each problem are presented in this paper.

How could we conceptualize and express the abstract feelings of 'love' in our daily lives? The cognitive semantics claim that it can be shaped by the metaphorical conceptualization of abstract emotional states. According to K?vecses(2005), physiological metonymy provides cognitive motivation to metaphorical conceptualization, and metaphorical conceptualization is generally considered to be natural because it is founded on physiological metonymy. This paper looks at the process how the emotion of love could be conceptualized in order to understand the fact that metonymic experience becomes the foundation of metaphorical conceptualization. It especially focus on the cognitive correlation of metonymy and metaphors through Shin Seung Hun‘s songs. This study also tries to extend to community perspective so that it could look further into the Korean public’s cultural characteristics towards love by means of metonymic experience on which to base the metaphor conceptualization.