년 - 년
유치환 시에서의 ‘죽음’의 의미와 인식 연구 - 시어의 계량적 특징과 ‘시·공간어’와의 관련성을 중심으로
[NRF 연계] 한국문학이론과비평학회 한국문학이론과 비평 Vol.18 No.4 2014.12 pp.157-184
...Yu chi-hwan’s poetry has been studied on poetical idea with reference to his biography and a literary work. In result, there are lack of research for his poetry idea in connection with total works. This article studied on Cheongma’s wholistic poetry idea through statistical analysis for his total works. In this study, data were used frequency of poetical diction used in 906 poems written from early works to his death. A result of statistical investigation for his total works were as followings. A word of ‘Life’ which closely connected with ‘Death’ is most kernel through total works and that is paradoxical phenomenon in the domain of his works and real life. Cheongma saw with his own eyes for fatal situation in our modern history and these make serious ‘trauma’ in his life and thoughts. Nevertheless this grief, ‘will for life’ is powerful action through his works and the word used by means of restoration. As a result, ‘Life’ used on a similar frequency with ‘Death’ and this functioned a way for reflection of his life. And the word used more frequently in the age after having experience in war than his early works. In the meaning of ‘death’ written in Cheongma’s characters, it changed from abstract concept to concrete or meaningful idea through the replacement by ‘Life’ with Living(목숨, 삶). Through his total works, ‘Death’ is not the marginal situation in our living but attachment for the present or God and this suffering on turning in his viewpoint was represented by the words, that is ‘Universe’, ‘Heaven And Earth’. The poetical words of ‘Universe’, ‘Heaven and Earth’ means harmony with God and Person or coexistence of two in his works. As a conclusion, a world of Cheongma’s poetry works is love for live which including death positively. In this article, a work for analysis of statistical frequency focusing on the words, ‘Life Will and Death’ was carried out merely, for total understanding on his poetry world, next research for another poetical dictions is needed accordingly. Through this systematical-organized work we understand Cheongma’s poetical idea totally and explore meaningful suggestions in his works.
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Because of the fact that original text is not definitely settled, Cheongma Yu chi-hwan’s poetry has been studied on poetical idea with reference to his biography and a literary work. In result, there are lack of research for his poetry idea in connection with total works. This article studied on Cheongma’s wholistic poetry idea through statistical analysis for his total works. In this study, data were used frequency of poetical diction used in 906 poems written from early works to his death. A result of statistical investigation for his total works were as followings. A word of ‘Life’ which closely connected with ‘Death’ is most kernel through total works and that is paradoxical phenomenon in the domain of his works and real life. Cheongma saw with his own eyes for fatal situation in our modern history and these make serious ‘trauma’ in his life and thoughts. Nevertheless this grief, ‘will for life’ is powerful action through his works and the word used by means of restoration. As a result, ‘Life’ used on a similar frequency with ‘Death’ and this functioned a way for reflection of his life. And the word used more frequently in the age after having experience in war than his early works. In the meaning of ‘death’ written in Cheongma’s characters, it changed from abstract concept to concrete or meaningful idea through the replacement by ‘Life’ with Living(목숨, 삶). Through his total works, ‘Death’ is not the marginal situation in our living but attachment for the present or God and this suffering on turning in his viewpoint was represented by the words, that is ‘Universe’, ‘Heaven And Earth’. The poetical words of ‘Universe’, ‘Heaven and Earth’ means harmony with God and Person or coexistence of two in his works. As a conclusion, a world of Cheongma’s poetry works is love for live which including death positively. In this article, a work for analysis of statistical frequency focusing on the words, ‘Life Will and Death’ was carried out merely, for total understanding on his poetry world, next research for another poetical dictions is needed accordingly. Through this systematical-organized work we understand Cheongma’s poetical idea totally and explore meaningful suggestions in his works.
李漁 戱曲理論 속의 商業性 고찰 ― ≪閑情偶寄≫를 중심으로
[NRF 연계] 중국어문연구회 중국어문논총 Vol.60 2013.12 pp.235-256
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該文根據李漁的≪閑情偶寄≫內有關戱曲創作理論中分析商業因子的問題進行硏究了。從李漁的商人品格, 有關戱曲創作時積極追求戱的娛樂性和通俗性的三個部分探討了李漁之商業的戱曲理論。李渔商人品格的形成显然與他的出身、经历、追求等有关。李渔出生在一個具有浓厚商业氣氛的家庭,從幼时就受到一些商业上的熏陶。他的戱曲活動是出于养家糊口的需要而卖文以糊其口的人生道路,因此他的戏曲理论和创作实践中已包含了诸多的商业化、市场化因子。李渔将戏曲作品當做一種用于交换、营利的商品,观众的接受过程则转化为一種消费行为,他本人则成了戏曲商品的制作者與销售者。思考如何选择创作题材是作品走向市场。首先,取材符合观众的欣赏习惯。他从容易激发普通市民读者兴趣的日常琐事人手。李渔强调娱人,高度重视喜剧创作、重视戏曲的娱乐功能,注重以诙谐機趣的表演體现。从这一创作宗旨出发,为了取悦观众, ≪閑情偶寄≫內主张“戒板腐”,提倡“重機趣”、“重科诨”。他认为戏曲创作应當出奇创新,应當走出模仿前人的窠臼以使观众有耳目一新之感。同時李渔极其重视戏曲的通俗性。李渔时代的戏曲消费者, 大多数缺乏良好的文化教养, 只有通俗戏曲才能赢得廣大的市民、市场。李渔为了適应观众欣赏的需要,倡导并实践着通俗浅显的戏曲语言风格。极力追求一種真实浅显的戏曲艺术风格。让观众能明了剧情、聽懂唱词宾白就成为最基本的要求。同时为了引起观众思想情感上的共鸣,题材就应當真实而不应荒唐。≪閑情偶寄≫內首先强调戏曲语言“贵显浅”,追求浅显易懂的戏曲的唱词宾白的创作。還有重視普遍的“人情物理”的體現。他的戏曲多以男女爱情、婚恋等通俗的故事为主。他将爱情这样的内容写人作品,引起了读者、观众的廣泛兴趣。李渔戏曲创作與演出的商业化倾向对建構他独具特色而又自成系统的戏曲理论體系、对推动當时戏曲的繁荣與发展却产生了积极的作用。
庾信 〈哀江南賦〉小考-작품구성과 창작시기의 문제를 중심으로
[NRF 연계] 한국중국어문학회 중국문학 Vol.76 2013.08 pp.69-98
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庾信的《哀江南賦》采用长篇赋体写成,作者在文中回顾了自己的人生历程,同时还结合当代王朝的兴亡,时而化身为一个史官,对这段历史和其间的人物进行了评价。因此与庾信的其他以抒情性为主的小赋作品相比,叙事性很突出。该作品在叙事方面有两条线索,一条是有关作者身世的自传,另一条是对梁朝灭亡的历史叙述。这种构思在序文中就已经有所体现。首先,在充满悲哀的叹息声中引出主题和创作动机,然后点明悲哀源于自身的境遇不济和梁朝之灭亡。这與文中要铺展开的自传與历史两个中心紧密相关。正文以江陵的陷落为分水岭可分为前半部和后半部,以自传叙述衔接历史叙述的方式构成。前半部的自传依次叙述了自己的家世背景,东晋时期迁移到江南后的前途光明的青年时期,后半部叙述了离开侯景掌控的建康到达江陵的过程及丧父的经历。把对家世的叙述置于文首的行文方式,纵然反映了当时士族重视家族远胜于社稷和王室的世界观,但也不排除是深受屈原《离骚》影响的结果。在对梁王朝兴亡的叙述上,从梁武帝的太平时期到侯景的叛乱导致建康陷落、武帝遭囚禁继而死去是前半部的内容。后半部则叙述了平定叛乱后,由于王室内讧而使江陵陷落,以致王位禅让與陈的过程。这种历史叙述并非局限于单纯地将事件按时间顺序进行排列,其间不乏寻找事件发生的原因、总结出责任所在,从而探求其历史意义的史论性内容。这意味着庾信持有史官意识,这一点通过《哀江南賦》将创作動機放在“记言”上,并把自己比喻成司马迁可以得到印证。可以说《哀江南賦》被赋予“赋史”这一美誉,也正是因为这一点。《哀江南賦》在创作时期上有入北后期说、初期说、中期说,但無论何种见解都尚未有确凿的理论依据。我们认为中期说可信度比较高,推测依据是已得到考证的北朝时期庾信的事迹和作品中出现的间接性线索,以及作品全文中所流露出的对人生和历史的深度省察的痕迹。當然关于这一推测还需日后进一步的考察。
[NRF 연계] 진단학회 진단학보 Vol.118 2013.08 pp.279-298
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그 동안 柳僖(1773~1837)에 관한 연구는 국어학, 과학, 경학 등을 중심으로 논의되었다. 그러나 그의 종합저술인 『文通』이 그 이름만 전하고 실체를 확인하기 어려워 보다 진전된 논의가 이루어지기 어려웠다. 10여 년 전 『문통』이 학계에 보고되면서 그의 문학에 대한 연구도 시작되었으나, 방대한 양으로 인해 종합적인 접근은 한계가 있었다. 유희는 少論系 인사들과 가까이 교유했는데 특히 江華學派 인물들과 가까웠다. 그럼에도 사상적으로 陽明學보다 朱子學的 측면이 드러나는데, 이것은 어머니 師朱堂 李氏의 영향으로 보인다. 많은 저술을 남기고 당대 진보적인 지식인들과 교유하면서도 당대 학술과 문학을 주도적으로 이끌어 나가지 못하였는데, 이것은 현실정치에서 소외된 집안의 가계와 그의 개인적 성향이 결합된 결과였다. 『문통』에는 苦心人 또는 寒士로서 유희가 잘 드러나고 있다. 한사로서의 사회적 위상과 고심인의 성향은 그의 詩文에도 투영되어 정신을 강조하고 세밀한 창작론을 내세웠다. 특히 議論을 중시한 宋詩의 가치에 다시 주목하여 世道와 연관지으려 한 점은 특기할 만하다. 또한 江西詩派를 중시하여 근체시의 詩統을 杜甫에서 강서시파로 정통을 삼고, 송시를 좋아했던 우리나라 시인들을 높이 평가한 것은 유희만의 문학적 특징이라고 할 수 있다. 그의 시는 한사의 답답한 심회를 풀어내기도 하였고, 樂府詩를 통하여 자신의 정신을 완곡하게 드러내기도 하였다. 한편 18세기 이후 확립된 일상의 소소한 사물을 주목하여 관찰하고 형상화하는데 장처가 있었다.
유미리의 『골드러시(ゴールドラッシュ)』론 -‘감각’ 장치와 ‘공간’의 의미를 중심으로-
[NRF 연계] 한국일본어문학회 日本語文學 Vol.1 No.57 2013.06 pp.339-357
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柳美里の文学は、自分の経験に基づいた家族の物語が大きな軸になっている。というのは、『石に泳ぐ魚』、『フルハウス』、『家族シネマ』など、初期の作品群で確認することができる。また、社会的な問題にも関心を持つようになるが、『ゴールドラッシュ』は、そのような傾向をみせる。実際の殺人事件をモチーフにして、自分の父親を殺した少年の心理を描いているこの小説は、現代の物質万能主義の社会に警鐘を鳴らす。本稿では、聴覚と嗅覚の感覚的な装置が、物質万能主義の社会でさまよう少年の姿を形象化していることに注目して、「音」と「におい」などの感覚, そして感覚の外部世界である空間を中心にこの小説の意味を考察してみた。少年の鼓膜にこびりついている「音」と恐怖の「におい」は、彼の内面世界を支配している闇を表象する。打見には闇の中で出口が見えないような小説であるが、金閣の老人と金本、響子との関係を通して疎通の扉を開けられる黄金の鍵を発見できる。この人達との交感は、少年が不安と恐怖の閉じ込められた空間から外部との疎通ができる開けた空間へ進んでいく可能性を見せる。
[NRF 연계] 한국문학회 한국문학논총 Vol.63 2013.04 pp.59-88
...Yu, Dosoon’s collection of poems, The bloodstain of silent flowers which is unpublished till now. As well as four closed poems are introduced in this paper. First, this paper is examined the year of his death. Judging from the data, he may have died in 1945. His early poetry reveals excessive sentimentalism, it will follow the overall trend of the time. On the other hand, his collection of poems are contained 23 poems. Although more than half poems are known already, these poems are important because his poems are shown the his early poems trend. His poems are divided into two. One is the sorrow of lover’s absence and the other is the expression of the Christian view of the world. His collection of poems has meaning the organizing of his early poems.
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본고는 이제까지 공개되지 않았던 유도순의 시집 『혈흔의 묵화』를 소개하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 아울러 아직 소개되지 않았던 유도순의 초기 시 네 편도 제시하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 유도순의 신상과 관련된 쟁점을 정리하였다. 즉 기존의 유도순의 사망 연도로 지적된 1938년이나 1939년 내지 1940년 사망 추정설이 맞지 않다는 것을 밝혔다. 더 많은 방증자료가 필요하나, 본고에서 언급한 ‘1945년 사망설’이 앞서 제시된 유도순의 사망 연도보다 신빙성이 있다는 것을 밝혔다. 이어서 유도순이 1920년에서 1921년에 걸쳐 『매일신보』에 수록한 네 편의 시를 소개하였다. ‘과잉된 감상주의’가 표출된 이러한 시들은 당시 시들의 경향과 유사하다고 볼 수 있다. 그리고 네 편의 시는 유도순의 초기 시 목록에 보충해야 할 것들이기도 하다. 이어서 이제까지 공개되지 않은 『혈흔의 묵화』에 수록된 시도 소개하였다. 1926년에 간행된 『혈흔의 묵화』는 유도순이 그때까지 창작한 시 중에서 23편을 선별한 시집이다. 비록 기존에 이미 알려진 시가 절반을 차지하였으나 시집에 수록된 시를 소개하여 유도순 초기 시의 경향을 보여주었다. 『혈흔의 묵화』에 수록된 시는 크게 두 가지로 나누어서 살펴볼 수 있다. 즉 ‘임의 부재에서 비롯한 애상’과 ‘기독교적 세계관의 표출’이 그것이다. 유도순의 시 창작이 기독교적인 배경에서 시작된 것은 이미 알려져 있었다. 본고에서는 그의 시를 통해 그가 기독교적인 배경에서 어떤 이유로 시 창작을 하게 되었는지까지 밝혔다. 즉 비애와 슬픔 속에서 기독교에 의지했던 유도순은 그 기도에 대한 응답으로 시를 창작했던 것이다. 시집의 <서시>를 비롯하여 <나의 시>에 이르기까지의 시에서 그러한 사실을 확인할 수 있다. ‘임의 부재에서 비롯한 애상’을 드러낸 시의 경우, ‘부재한 임’, ‘시적 화자의 과거 지향성’, 그리고 ‘시적 화자의 수동성’이 민요를 위시한 기존 시가의 전통을 계승한 것임을 지적하였다. 『혈흔의 묵화』는 유도순 자신이 창작한 초기 시를 결산하는 의미를 지니는 시집이라고 할 수 있다. 이는 유도순에게 있어서 어쩌면 이루어지지 못한 첫사랑을 떠나보내는 일종의 의식이었다고 할 수 있다. 아플 만큼 아파야 새로운 사랑을 시작할 수 있듯이, 『혈흔의 묵화』도 유도순 청춘의 한때를 결산하는 의미를 지니는 시집이라고 할 수 있다. 비록 시 한편마다의 치밀한 분석을 이루지는 못하였으나, 아직 알려지지 않았던 유도순의 초기 시 네 편을 소개하고 『혈흔의 묵화』의 전모를 밝힌 것은 본고의 성과라고 할 수 있다.
This paper aims to introduce Yu, Dosoon’s collection of poems, The bloodstain of silent flowers which is unpublished till now. As well as four closed poems are introduced in this paper. First, this paper is examined the year of his death. Judging from the data, he may have died in 1945. His early poetry reveals excessive sentimentalism, it will follow the overall trend of the time. On the other hand, his collection of poems are contained 23 poems. Although more than half poems are known already, these poems are important because his poems are shown the his early poems trend. His poems are divided into two. One is the sorrow of lover’s absence and the other is the expression of the Christian view of the world. His collection of poems has meaning the organizing of his early poems.
[NRF 연계] 고려대학교 중국학연구소 중국학논총 Vol.39 2013.02 pp.265-289
...Yu Hua’s literary thinking emerging in the latter half of the 1980s deserves attention in some respects, firstly, in the sense that it is more than the author’s literary settlement in the vanguard of experimental literature during the 1980s. Yet, it is not that simple as, most of all, Yu Hua attempted to build his own fictional world in the form of parables at that time so as to provide readers with what he considered a world of truth. Further, such parabolic true stories were not irrelevant to changes of trend in creative writing in the 1990s. Hence, the author’s literary tendency at that time is the touchstone of how he sublated the predominant ‘avant-garde literature’ in the 1980s. Yu Hua dealt with the reality and targets, which are revealed in the form of “parables”, while seeking earnestly how to take a look at the modern history of China and what the literature covering life should be. To approach Yu Hua from this perspective, it is necessary to address distinct branch points of changes in his creative writing. Although there are certain standard patterns in perspectives on dividing Yu Hua’s literary world, the content and its meaning have not been elucidated to the fullest largely because of two aspects. First, the author’s concerns are highly likely to have been overlooked due to the predominant focus on segmentation theory. Also, this may have resulted from Yu Hua’s sporadic statements of his literary position through the author’s prefaces, epilogues, proses and interviews. That is, investigators have had to accept the author’s stance in dispersal. Second, few satisfactory attempts have been made to estimate the changes in Yu Hua’s creative writing based on diversified grounds. Provided that Yu Hua’s literary world is divided into two tendencies, there should be a spectrum that is seated on the boundary between the two or that assumes the attributes of both at the same time. Then, it would be plausible to review a transition period as a part of diverse trials and groping. However, customary cliches of “experimental or realistic narratives” repeated countlessly seem to linger on too persistently. It is most important of all not to ignore the author’s voice. In addition, it should be reminded that such discussions began in Yu Hua’s own remarks at first and that his anguish and torment implied in his remarks were strongly associated with the literary situations in the latter half of the 1980s. Defining the author’s sedulous consciousness about his literary world as a certain or vague “memory” or “fate,” or regarding it as an “excessive pride” would be equivalent to underestimating his torment or anguish. Again, it is the author’s voice that matters. The present study aims to restore the transition period in Yu Hua’s creative changes, looking for his voices scattered.
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
Yu Hua’s literary thinking emerging in the latter half of the 1980s deserves attention in some respects, firstly, in the sense that it is more than the author’s literary settlement in the vanguard of experimental literature during the 1980s. Yet, it is not that simple as, most of all, Yu Hua attempted to build his own fictional world in the form of parables at that time so as to provide readers with what he considered a world of truth. Further, such parabolic true stories were not irrelevant to changes of trend in creative writing in the 1990s. Hence, the author’s literary tendency at that time is the touchstone of how he sublated the predominant ‘avant-garde literature’ in the 1980s. Yu Hua dealt with the reality and targets, which are revealed in the form of “parables”, while seeking earnestly how to take a look at the modern history of China and what the literature covering life should be. To approach Yu Hua from this perspective, it is necessary to address distinct branch points of changes in his creative writing. Although there are certain standard patterns in perspectives on dividing Yu Hua’s literary world, the content and its meaning have not been elucidated to the fullest largely because of two aspects. First, the author’s concerns are highly likely to have been overlooked due to the predominant focus on segmentation theory. Also, this may have resulted from Yu Hua’s sporadic statements of his literary position through the author’s prefaces, epilogues, proses and interviews. That is, investigators have had to accept the author’s stance in dispersal. Second, few satisfactory attempts have been made to estimate the changes in Yu Hua’s creative writing based on diversified grounds. Provided that Yu Hua’s literary world is divided into two tendencies, there should be a spectrum that is seated on the boundary between the two or that assumes the attributes of both at the same time. Then, it would be plausible to review a transition period as a part of diverse trials and groping. However, customary cliches of “experimental or realistic narratives” repeated countlessly seem to linger on too persistently. It is most important of all not to ignore the author’s voice. In addition, it should be reminded that such discussions began in Yu Hua’s own remarks at first and that his anguish and torment implied in his remarks were strongly associated with the literary situations in the latter half of the 1980s. Defining the author’s sedulous consciousness about his literary world as a certain or vague “memory” or “fate,” or regarding it as an “excessive pride” would be equivalent to underestimating his torment or anguish. Again, it is the author’s voice that matters. The present study aims to restore the transition period in Yu Hua’s creative changes, looking for his voices scattered.
[NRF 연계] 동악어문학회 동악어문학 Vol.60 2013.02 pp.243-271
...Yu, Dosoon's biography and the features of his works. First, this paper is examined the year of his death and his stage names. Judging from the data, He may have died in 1945. In addition, ‘Beumo’, and ‘Seo, Dusung’ will not be his stage names. Next, the lists of his works are compiled and lyrics are classed as Yuhang-ga and Sinminyo(New folk songs). He wrote about 104 lists of lyrics, 90 lyrics were found all his works. His Sinmiyo dealt with three themes, love, the cult of our territory, and the retrospective of history. These songs use mimetic words, specific place names, and traditional chorus. On the other hand, his Yuhang-ga's themes are divided into two the woman who wait the lover and the man who wander. The former succeed to the tradition, The latter change the tradition. Especially, his works are more tragic because the sorrow of wanderers is connected to death in his lyrics.
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본고는 유도순의 전기와 관련된 몇 가지 쟁점을 고찰하고 그가 작사한 대중가요 가사의 전반적인 양상과 특징을 살펴본 것이다. 먼저 유도순의 전기(傳記)와 관련해서 쟁점이 되고 있는 그의 사망 연도와 그가 사용한 예명을 살펴보았다. 이로써 기존에 유도순이 1938년에 사망했다는 설이 맞지 않다는 것을 논증하였다. 그리고 여러 자료들을 종합할 때 유도순이 1945년에 사망한 것으로 보인다고 추정하였다. 다음으로 유도순이 사용한 것으로 알려진 홍초, 서두성, 범오 중에서 ‘홍초’만이 유도순이 사용한 예명이 맞는다고 할 수 있다. 서두성은 유도순과 다른 인물임을 밝혔고, 다른 증거 자료가 나올 때까지 ‘범오’를 유도순의 예명으로 보는 것도 유보하는 것이 합당하다는 결론을 제시하였다. 이어서 유도순이 작사한 대중가요 가사를 정리하고 분석해서 ‘신민요’와 ‘유행가’에 따라 그 가사가 어떻게 다르게 나타나는지를 살펴보았다. 그가 작사한 대중가요로는 총 104편의 목록을 찾을 수 있었고, 이 중에서 90편의 가사를 찾았다. 그리고 그가 작사한 대중가요를 신민요와 유행가로 나누어서 각각의 구체적인 모습을 고찰하였다. 이를 통해, 신민요에서는 주로 전통의 계승에 초점을 맞추어서 유도순이 기존의 전통가요를 신민요에서 어떤 식으로 계승했는지를 고찰하였다. 유도순의 신민요 가사는 그 주제에 따라 이성간의 사랑을 다룬 노래, 국토를 예찬한 노래, 역사적 회고주의를 담은 노래로 나눌 수 있다. 이러한 노래들은 의성어와 의태어의 사용, 특정 지명의 차용, 후렴구의 계승과 변용을 통해 전통가요의 형식을 계승하는 모습을 보여주었다. 특히 ‘한문투의 표현’을 사용한 것은 어떤 면에서 전통의 부정적인 계승이라 볼 수 있으나 이것이 여타 신민요와 유도순의 신민요가 다른 지점이기도 하다. 한편 유도순이 작사한 유행가에서는 크게 두 가지 인물 군이 나타났다. ‘부재하는 임을 그리워하고 기다리는 여인’과 ‘정처 없이 떠도는 외로운 나그네’가 그것이다. ‘부재하는 임을 그리워하고 기다리는 여인’이 전통을 계승한 것이라면, ‘정처 없이 떠도는 외로운 나그네’는 전통을 변모시킨 예로 볼 수 있다. 식민지 상황에서 나라 잃은 민중은 누구나 나그네일 수밖에 없다. 그 때문에 당시 대중가요 가사에 ‘방랑의식’이 드러났던 것이다. 그러면서도 유도순의 작품이 더 비극적인 것은 나그네의 슬픔이 종종 ‘죽음’과 연결되기 때문이다.
This paper is investigated a few issues related Yu, Dosoon's biography and the features of his works. First, this paper is examined the year of his death and his stage names. Judging from the data, He may have died in 1945. In addition, ‘Beumo’, and ‘Seo, Dusung’ will not be his stage names. Next, the lists of his works are compiled and lyrics are classed as Yuhang-ga and Sinminyo(New folk songs). He wrote about 104 lists of lyrics, 90 lyrics were found all his works. His Sinmiyo dealt with three themes, love, the cult of our territory, and the retrospective of history. These songs use mimetic words, specific place names, and traditional chorus. On the other hand, his Yuhang-ga's themes are divided into two the woman who wait the lover and the man who wander. The former succeed to the tradition, The latter change the tradition. Especially, his works are more tragic because the sorrow of wanderers is connected to death in his lyrics.
[NRF 연계] 중국어문논역학회 중국어문논역총간 Vol.32 2013.01 pp.343-371
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
以文爲詩是北宋人槪括出來的韓愈詩歌的藝術手段之一。 對于這一藝術手段, 自古至今有截然相反的評價, 引起了爭論。 原因就是以文爲詩借用散文的特徵作詩歌。 宋代陳師道《後山詩話》雲: “退之以文爲詩, 子瞻以詩爲詞, 如敎坊雷大使之舞, 雖極天下之工, 要非本色。” 對以文爲詩的問題由北宋到現代, 爭論不休, 已近千年, 可是還沒有得出一個能爲大家所公認的結論。以文爲詩雖然早在中唐時代産生的韓愈詩中就已出現了, 存在了, 但是將以文爲詩噹作一個詩歌創作上的問題來加以反對或者贊成, 却始于北宋中葉。 而北宋中葉, 從文學發展的趨勢來看, 則是古文(散文)已經取代了時文(騈文)而成爲主要文體的時代, 又是詩歌的風格由唐轉宋, 出現了宋詩的獨特面貌的時代。以文爲詩這一其所涉及的範圍是有局限的藝術手段的具體內容, 槪括起來, 大體上有兩個方面, 一方麵是以古文的章法⋅句法爲詩, 另一方面是以在古文中常見的議論入詩。 韓愈以文爲詩以及北宋人學韓愈以文爲詩, 還有由于這種創作實踐而引起的爭論, 都是一定歷史條件下的産物。以文爲詩表現了中國古典作家在藝術上打破常規⋅不拘一格的創造性。 它對宋詩新風貌的形成具有積極的影響。 無論是以古文的章法⋅句法還是以議論入詩, 都使得藝術表現增加了新的手段, 使得詩歌可以更其自如地表達生活內容, 少受限制, 從而使得詩人們可以對生活攝取得更廣, 開發得更深。
[NRF 연계] 대한중국학회 중국학 Vol.42 2012.08 pp.191-224
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
本稿乃以在韩国国内2011年以前所發表有關郁达夫的研究爲對象,加以探究了韩国学者对郁达夫所进行的各種研究面貌。为此,以在其間韩国发行的各种学位论文、学术论文和專著为主要分析对象,进行研究和探索了韩国学者对郁达夫這一方面的不同觀點, 以及他們与中国学者之間的異同。本稿由于探討的內容篇幅較長, 先就探索了郁达夫〈沈淪〉、〈银灰色的死〉、〈春風沈醉的晩上〉等小说作品硏究, 及比较文学方面的硏究傾向進行分析。郁达夫的小说在其文学作品体裁中最具代表性。在韩国国内对郁达夫小说的研究颇受关注,与此同时,也有一部分學者郁达夫与韩国作家作品的对比正在进行研究中。本稿除郁达夫小说硏究外, 亦探索了國內对其对比分析的內容。本稿在结尾部分,还将韩国国内的郁达夫研究按体裁、年度分別进行分类,以体现此项研究的发展进程,分析和總結了至2011年爲止的研究趋势。希望本稿能有助于对郁达夫的正确理解,成为一箇今后有關郁达夫研究的有益資料。
유몽인의 「안변삼십이책」 연구: 조선 중기 문학에서의 ‘정치(政治)’의 한 사례로서
[NRF 연계] 민족문학사연구소 민족문학사연구 Vol.48 2012.04 pp.33-74
...Yu Mong-in(柳夢寅, 1559∼1623)’s <The 32-point Northward Policy>(安邊三十二策) is a full-length policy paper that was sent to Han Jun-gyeom(韓浚謙, 1557∼1627) at the provincial governor of Hamgyeong-do. This paper is marked by Mong-in’s a prominent political reformist characteristic. The 32-point Northward Policy face up the socio-economic backwardness of Chosun(朝鮮) and have a critical mind to emerge from the backwardness by administrativeㆍpoliticalㆍfiscal reform policy. I explore the ways in which his 32-point Northward Policy allude to various books on strategy(兵書) of “ancient Classics”, and the ways in which his 32-point Northward Policy describe the China’s various socio-economic advancements of “contemporary Classics.” Particularly, the latter is noteworthy that his thought is shared with the school of northern studies(北學派). They all, for instance, exhorted to emulate Chinese brick and wagon, to promote commerce and circulation of hard currency. In the forth chapter, I explore, furthermore, the connection between the “books on strategy(兵書)” and “classical Prose(古文)” as his ideological foundation, and it’s Significance in Middle and Latter Chosun Period. Consequently, I argue that Mong-in’s Political ideas has thoughts of “The Politics based on books on strategy[Classical Prose]” or “The books on strategy[Classical Prose] based on Politics.”
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Yu Mong-in(柳夢寅, 1559∼1623)’s <The 32-point Northward Policy>(安邊三十二策) is a full-length policy paper that was sent to Han Jun-gyeom(韓浚謙, 1557∼1627) at the provincial governor of Hamgyeong-do. This paper is marked by Mong-in’s a prominent political reformist characteristic. The 32-point Northward Policy face up the socio-economic backwardness of Chosun(朝鮮) and have a critical mind to emerge from the backwardness by administrativeㆍpoliticalㆍfiscal reform policy. I explore the ways in which his 32-point Northward Policy allude to various books on strategy(兵書) of “ancient Classics”, and the ways in which his 32-point Northward Policy describe the China’s various socio-economic advancements of “contemporary Classics.” Particularly, the latter is noteworthy that his thought is shared with the school of northern studies(北學派). They all, for instance, exhorted to emulate Chinese brick and wagon, to promote commerce and circulation of hard currency. In the forth chapter, I explore, furthermore, the connection between the “books on strategy(兵書)” and “classical Prose(古文)” as his ideological foundation, and it’s Significance in Middle and Latter Chosun Period. Consequently, I argue that Mong-in’s Political ideas has thoughts of “The Politics based on books on strategy[Classical Prose]” or “The books on strategy[Classical Prose] based on Politics.”
[NRF 연계] 연세대학교 국학연구원 동방학지 Vol.157 2012.03 pp.243-278
...Yut was made for fortunetelling and had the religious idea and profound philosophy of the ancient. In other words, Yut was not just a folk game, and the fortune telling of the ancient indwelled it. In addition, a profound history and philosophy were combined in it. Due to the systematic data about Yut and fortunetelling from KyungDoJapJi of the Yu Deuk-gong, who lived in the late 18th century, this book can be an invaluable material in studying this essence of Yut. In this article, we analyzed Yut-divination recorded in KyungDoJapJi according to the view of I-Ching philosophy. The analysis showed us that the Yut-divination of Korea systematized a unique method of interpreting hexagrams that adopted 64 hexagrams of I-Ching, which is one of many indigenous folk-theories. In addition, Yut-divination was the endemic fortunetelling method of Korea that was utilized to determine whether one would have a good harvest or not on the first day of the year; by extension, it was used in order to know whether one would have a good year or not (shinsoojom) in KyungDoJapJi. Furthermore, as women got to play Yut in the Joseon Dynasty, the hexagrams of Yut ended up taking a feministic view. Yut-divination inherited the unique fortunetelling techniques of our nation, for instance when and how to do something, and the hexagrams of Yut-divination are what folks utilized to tell one’s fortune. In conclusion, the 64 hexagrams of KyungDoJapJi are the indigenous folk theory of Korea that adopted the 64 hexagrams of I-Ching philosophy in Yut-divination.
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Stewart Culin은 윷의 본래 목적이 占術에 있으며 고대의 종교사상과 심오한 철학이 담겨있다고 갈파한 바 있다. 다시 말해 우리의 윷은 단순한 민속놀이에 그치는 것은 아니라, 본질적으로 고대로부터 전해내려오는 점의 성격이 내재되어 있으며 심오한 철학과 역사가 결합되어 있다. 18세기말에 활동했던 柳得恭의 『京都雜誌』에서는 윷과 그 점법에 관한 체계적인 기록을 남기고 있어서, Stewart Culin이 말한 윷의 본질로서의 점술에 대해 연구할 수 있는 소중한 자료를 제공하고 있다. 본고에서는 『경도잡지』에 수록된 윷점을 주역철학의 관점에서 분석하였다. 그 결과 윷점은 주역의 64卦와 결합한 占辭를 독자적으로 체계화하고 있으며, 중국과 관계없이 우리나라에서 자생적으로 발생한 하나의 民間역학으로서의 가치를 지니고 있음을 밝혔다. 이외에도 원래 윷점은 元旦에 한해의 풍흉을 점치던 민족 고유의 점법이었지만, 『경도잡지』의 윷점에서는 개인의 1년 신수점을 보는 것으로 변화되어 있음을 분석‧고찰하였다. 또한 윷점사를 분석해보면 윷이 조선시대에 들어와서 閨房으로 들어가면서 점사에도 여성주의적 관점이 개재되어 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 윷점은 그 점치는 시기나 방법등에 우리 민족 고유의 점법이 간직되어 있으며, 그 점사의 내용은 민간에서 길흉을 점치는 점서라고 할 수 있다. 결론적으로 『경도잡지』에 실린 64괘 윷점은 우리 고유의 윷점에 주역의 64괘를 결합시켜 만들어낸 우리나라의 독자적인 民間역학이라고 평가할 수 있다.
Stewart Culin once argued that Yut was made for fortunetelling and had the religious idea and profound philosophy of the ancient. In other words, Yut was not just a folk game, and the fortune telling of the ancient indwelled it. In addition, a profound history and philosophy were combined in it. Due to the systematic data about Yut and fortunetelling from KyungDoJapJi of the Yu Deuk-gong, who lived in the late 18th century, this book can be an invaluable material in studying this essence of Yut. In this article, we analyzed Yut-divination recorded in KyungDoJapJi according to the view of I-Ching philosophy. The analysis showed us that the Yut-divination of Korea systematized a unique method of interpreting hexagrams that adopted 64 hexagrams of I-Ching, which is one of many indigenous folk-theories. In addition, Yut-divination was the endemic fortunetelling method of Korea that was utilized to determine whether one would have a good harvest or not on the first day of the year; by extension, it was used in order to know whether one would have a good year or not (shinsoojom) in KyungDoJapJi. Furthermore, as women got to play Yut in the Joseon Dynasty, the hexagrams of Yut ended up taking a feministic view. Yut-divination inherited the unique fortunetelling techniques of our nation, for instance when and how to do something, and the hexagrams of Yut-divination are what folks utilized to tell one’s fortune. In conclusion, the 64 hexagrams of KyungDoJapJi are the indigenous folk theory of Korea that adopted the 64 hexagrams of I-Ching philosophy in Yut-divination.
[NRF 연계] 한국외국어대학교 중국연구소 중국연구 Vol.52 2011.07 pp.79-99
...Yu Fen(zi, Zi-yi子漪), a poet of the Late Tang, was a native of Changan. It’s impossible to find out the date of his birth and death exactly. Yu Fen passed the jin-shi examination in 861, and in his later days held a minor post in Si-zhou泗州. He was prominent the gu-feng古風. He bitterly criticized the corruption of the times, and frankly expressed his own dissatisfaction. This thesis aims to analyze the themes of his poetry. Yu Fen’s 46 extant poems, all of which consist of old style poetry with five-word lines, can be divided into five groups. The first group revealed the sufferings of the common people due to a war. The second one disclosed a noticeable distinction between the rich and the poor. The third one showed a historical lesson through the medium of poem on history. The fourth one expressed grievance about his hard luck. The fifth one denounced the depravity of the sovereign and the wealthy class. Nearly all of his poetry have a close relation to showing the social inconsistency or reflecting the pain of the common people. It is rarely to find to poets who wrote so many social poems like Yu Fen of the Late Tang poets. In this way Yu Fen’s poems deserve to be called a mirror of society in the Late Tang.
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Yu Fen(zi, Zi-yi子漪), a poet of the Late Tang, was a native of Changan. It’s impossible to find out the date of his birth and death exactly. Yu Fen passed the jin-shi examination in 861, and in his later days held a minor post in Si-zhou泗州. He was prominent the gu-feng古風. He bitterly criticized the corruption of the times, and frankly expressed his own dissatisfaction. This thesis aims to analyze the themes of his poetry. Yu Fen’s 46 extant poems, all of which consist of old style poetry with five-word lines, can be divided into five groups. The first group revealed the sufferings of the common people due to a war. The second one disclosed a noticeable distinction between the rich and the poor. The third one showed a historical lesson through the medium of poem on history. The fourth one expressed grievance about his hard luck. The fifth one denounced the depravity of the sovereign and the wealthy class. Nearly all of his poetry have a close relation to showing the social inconsistency or reflecting the pain of the common people. It is rarely to find to poets who wrote so many social poems like Yu Fen of the Late Tang poets. In this way Yu Fen’s poems deserve to be called a mirror of society in the Late Tang.
[NRF 연계] 한국문학이론과비평학회 한국문학이론과 비평 Vol.15 No.1 2011.04 pp.285-308
...Yu, Jong-ho reviews the position of criticism which should be responsible for the literature in a new perspective, and emphasizes the spirit of criticism as an intellectual reflection. This reflects Yu's views that criticism should participate as an alternative writing to solve the problems during the time. Yu's argument was similar to building a strict and firm new house on the rubbles of the post-war ear in the 1950s. This was because the ruins of the generation shared similar traits with the non-existence of genres. Yu was the first critic to provide an opportunity to reconfigure the basics of the criticism by recognizing that his generation lacked literalism in the era of no professional criticism. Yu's view was that the duty of critics was to contribute by communicating with the world through interpreting complex literature, and that this recreated criticism into a creative criticism. At this point, he argued that criticism should position itself as rebelling against the violence during the 1950s when the society forced people to take sides. This means that criticism should stand against violence by maintaining balanced views as a language of moderation in the era of forcing people to be purist or participants. Yu's methodology of criticism is concluded as his interest on literature language itself, and this literature language means aboriginal mother language. In this case, mother language is not defined as regional Korean language, but encompasses Chinese characters with long history. The final destination of literature language he wanted to reach was works which could depict Korean literature language's aesthetic culmination; for poems, it can be created through musicality, and sincerity for proses. Yu configured the position of the critics in the field of writers who create communication as the language of moderation, and sought for a real modernization by expanding the boundaries of language which were the objects of criticism. At this point, literature should possess truth, and through this sincerity can be achieved. Through this analytic view on the actual criticism on literature, he has shown an good example of literature which the generation should pursue. The writers who fall into Yu's selective standards include Kim, So-wol, Jeong-Ji-yong, Seo, Jeong-joo, Yun, Dong-joo, Hwang, Soon-won, and Sohn, Chang-sup.
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In 1950s, many professional critics appear. Their activities are summarized as positioning as new criticism. Among these new generation critics, Yu, Jong-ho reviews the position of criticism which should be responsible for the literature in a new perspective, and emphasizes the spirit of criticism as an intellectual reflection. This reflects Yu's views that criticism should participate as an alternative writing to solve the problems during the time. Yu's argument was similar to building a strict and firm new house on the rubbles of the post-war ear in the 1950s. This was because the ruins of the generation shared similar traits with the non-existence of genres. Yu was the first critic to provide an opportunity to reconfigure the basics of the criticism by recognizing that his generation lacked literalism in the era of no professional criticism. Yu's view was that the duty of critics was to contribute by communicating with the world through interpreting complex literature, and that this recreated criticism into a creative criticism. At this point, he argued that criticism should position itself as rebelling against the violence during the 1950s when the society forced people to take sides. This means that criticism should stand against violence by maintaining balanced views as a language of moderation in the era of forcing people to be purist or participants. Yu's methodology of criticism is concluded as his interest on literature language itself, and this literature language means aboriginal mother language. In this case, mother language is not defined as regional Korean language, but encompasses Chinese characters with long history. The final destination of literature language he wanted to reach was works which could depict Korean literature language's aesthetic culmination; for poems, it can be created through musicality, and sincerity for proses. Yu configured the position of the critics in the field of writers who create communication as the language of moderation, and sought for a real modernization by expanding the boundaries of language which were the objects of criticism. At this point, literature should possess truth, and through this sincerity can be achieved. Through this analytic view on the actual criticism on literature, he has shown an good example of literature which the generation should pursue. The writers who fall into Yu's selective standards include Kim, So-wol, Jeong-Ji-yong, Seo, Jeong-joo, Yun, Dong-joo, Hwang, Soon-won, and Sohn, Chang-sup.
[NRF 연계] 한국현대소설학회 현대소설연구 Vol.46 2011.04 pp.339-362
...yu (it means dream) narratives have focused on some mong-yu-rok. This paper paid attention to mong-yu narratives in journals during the transition period to modern era in Korea to expand the scope. The journals, along with newspapers, were one of the powerful media in the period. There were more than 200 articles with narrative-style in the journals. Still, there have not been enough studies on them. As part of the efforts to deal with the issue, the paper studied six mong-yu narratives to understand their role and status in the journals during the period. It found that there were significant differences between mong-yu narrative in the transitional period and mongyu-rok in pre-modern era in terms of structure and story. Stereotyped structures in the pre-modern era were intentionally broken down or vaguely shown, blurring the boundaries between dream and actuality. In addition, deified or mysterious characters/stories, which had been created to express themes related to educational enlightenment, became weakened. Realistic characters and backgrounds were often seen in mong-yu narratives in the transitional period. In this regard, the characteristics of mong-yu narratives in the journals deserves attention as it reflects the circumstances of the times.
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근대전환기 몽유 서사에 대한 연구는 일부의 장편 몽유록에만 집중되어왔다. 본고는 이 같은 연구 대상의 협소함을 극복하고자 근대전환기 학회지에 수록된 몽유 서사를 중심으로 논의를 확대하고자 한다. 근대전환기의학회지는 신문과 함께 유력한 언론 매체 가운데 하나였다. 이곳에 수록된글들 가운데 서사체가 사용된 글들은 대략 200여 편을 상회하는데, 이들을대상으로 한 연구는 부족한 것이 사실이다. 본고에서는 이를 보완하기 위하여 근대전환기 학회지에 수록된 몽유 서사 6편을 발굴, 정리하여 제시하도록 한다. 또한 근대전환기라는 시기적 특성과 학회지라는 지면의 특수성속에서 몽유 서사가 어떤 위치를 차지하고 있고, 어떤 역할을 담당하고 있는가를 확인하고자 한다. 분석 결과 근대전환기 몽유 서사는 전근대의 몽유록과는 상당 부분 내용과 형식적인 측면에서 많은 차이를 보이고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 우선 정형화된 구조는 이 시기에 이르러 의도적으로 파괴되거나 모호하게 처리됨으로써 꿈과 사실의 경계를 무화하려는 의도를 보이고 있었다. 또한 교육 계몽에 관련된 주제의식을 표출하기 위하여 신격화된대상이나 신이함을 전제로 한 인물과 내용은 약화되고 당대의 사실적인 배경과 인물들을 토론의 공간과 대상으로 등장시키기도 하였다. 근대전환기학회지에서 수록된 몽유 서사는 이 같은 의미에서 당대의 시대적 상황을 대표할 수 있는 주목할 만한 특징들을 포함하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.
Studies on mong-yu (it means dream) narratives have focused on some mong-yu-rok. This paper paid attention to mong-yu narratives in journals during the transition period to modern era in Korea to expand the scope. The journals, along with newspapers, were one of the powerful media in the period. There were more than 200 articles with narrative-style in the journals. Still, there have not been enough studies on them. As part of the efforts to deal with the issue, the paper studied six mong-yu narratives to understand their role and status in the journals during the period. It found that there were significant differences between mong-yu narrative in the transitional period and mongyu-rok in pre-modern era in terms of structure and story. Stereotyped structures in the pre-modern era were intentionally broken down or vaguely shown, blurring the boundaries between dream and actuality. In addition, deified or mysterious characters/stories, which had been created to express themes related to educational enlightenment, became weakened. Realistic characters and backgrounds were often seen in mong-yu narratives in the transitional period. In this regard, the characteristics of mong-yu narratives in the journals deserves attention as it reflects the circumstances of the times.
[NRF 연계] 한국중국어문학회 중국문학 Vol.63 2010.05 pp.39-58
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庾信是南北朝時期具有總結意義的詩人, 近年來在他的詩賦方面的硏究已得到了相當的成果, 可是樂府方面的硏究比較罕見. 我看, 那是因爲擬樂府因循古題的題材, 內容上好像幾乎沒有作者本身的體驗或是發自內面的感情. 後半期庾信文學的特徵是從貴族的唯美文學轉向言志的詠懷文學. 這篇文章的目的就是闡明在他的樂府作品裏也有沒有這種詩風的轉變. 在題材上庾信的樂府可分爲三類, 就是行樂類⋅宮體類⋅邊塞類. 行樂類的樂府最含有南朝貴族的遊戱文學成份, 這類作品大槪是入北以後適應正在渴仰漢族文化的北方人的需要而寫的. 一部宮體類的作品分明是因審美目的而製作的, 可是<怨歌行>等一些作品裏確有寄托. 他用悲劇性的婦女形象來寄托了他內心的痛苦和怨望, 因此我們可以說庾信用擬樂府形式來寄托了寓意. 經過侯景的亂以後庾信在江陵寫了一篇邊塞風的樂府<燕歌行>, 脫離曹丕以來以思婦哀怨爲主的<燕歌行>的情調, 而顯示出了蒼茫的意境和悲凉蒼勁的氣槪, 可是這裏還含有南朝貴族文學的神仙色彩和脂粉氣味. 入北以後他脫離這種傾向, 本着親眼目睹的北方風物和北方人的尙武精神, 用多彩的典故來寫了形象豊富而風格雄渾的邊塞樂府. 因此我們可以贊賞他奠定了盛唐的邊塞詩的基础.
유치환의 산문을 통한 생명인식에 대한 고찰 —‘고독’, ‘나태’, ‘푸름’의 개념을 중심으로—
[NRF 연계] 배달말학회 배달말 Vol.28 2010.02 pp.465-492
...Yu Chihwan who is well known as one of the ‘Life Group’ has continued since his death. Today we have more knowledge than more. He always maintained that thinking comes first of all, especially more than poetry. So the study of awareness has completed by his essay. Especially the concept of 'Solitude','Laziness', 'Blue' has referred in his essay and poetry, and that meaning is described very clear. First, 'Solitude' is 'the essence of Life' and it's in charge of getting to Nirvana that is final goal of 'Life' Second, 'Laziness' is means that leads to meditation and 'Extreme laziness' leads you to reach 'the condition of God'. Finally 'Blue' is the outside color and the reality is 'never changing will' The words are organically connected and you can find that they pursue the perfection of 'life'. This kind of conception is closely related in his existence and you can observed it in his poetry
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생명파 시인으로 잘 알려진 유치환에 대한 연구는 그의 사후부터 지금까지 꾸준히 이어져 상당한 성과를 이루고 있다. 그는 시보다 인생에 대한 사유를 우선시 하였기에 그의 인식세계의 연구는 산문을 중심으로 이루어져야 한다. 특히 ‘고독’, ‘나태’, ‘푸름’ 등과 같은 개념은 산문과 시에서 자주 언급되고 있으며 그 의미는 산문에 잘 나타나 있다. ‘고독’은 생명의 필수로서 생의 궁극적 목표인 ‘안심입명’으로 이끄는 역할을 하고 있다. 또, ‘나태’는 명상으로 인도하는 수단이며 ‘지극한 나태’는 생명의 근원인 ‘신의 상태’에 도달하게 하는 역할을 한다. ‘푸름’은 의장의 빛깔로 그 실체는 비존재적인 허공이자 ‘절대의사’이다. 이 개념들은 서로 유기적인 관계에 있으며 유치환의 사유의 근원인 ‘생명’을 그 궁극적 목표로 하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이러한 인식은 실존과도 깊이 관련되며 그의 시에도 그대로 반영되고 있다.
The study about Yu Chihwan who is well known as one of the ‘Life Group’ has continued since his death. Today we have more knowledge than more. He always maintained that thinking comes first of all, especially more than poetry. So the study of awareness has completed by his essay. Especially the concept of 'Solitude','Laziness', 'Blue' has referred in his essay and poetry, and that meaning is described very clear. First, 'Solitude' is 'the essence of Life' and it's in charge of getting to Nirvana that is final goal of 'Life' Second, 'Laziness' is means that leads to meditation and 'Extreme laziness' leads you to reach 'the condition of God'. Finally 'Blue' is the outside color and the reality is 'never changing will' The words are organically connected and you can find that they pursue the perfection of 'life'. This kind of conception is closely related in his existence and you can observed it in his poetry
[NRF 연계] 중국학연구회 중국학연구 Vol.48 2009.06 pp.31-56
...Yu Shi-nan(zi Bo-shi, a native of Yue-zhou) was born in the second year of Yong-ding Reign of the Chen Emperor Wu-di(558) and died in the 12th year of Zhen-guan Reign of the Tang Emperor Tai-zong(638). In this paper, I study the Yu Shi-nan’s place in the history of Tang Poetry by examining how his 24 poems, written in the early 7th century, exerted influence on the Early Tang and High Tang poetry, claiming that Yu Shi-nan’s poetry is not the palace poetry but the court poetry. Yu Shi-nan’s works in Tang Dynasty have been under the influence of Southern Dynasties courtly style like those in Su Dynasty. But in many cases, unlike any other court poets, he put spirit and passion into his court poems standardized by elaborating his observations and experiences of real life into the plot and expressing them beautifully. Such poems influenced Du Fu to some degree. Yu Shi-nan composed border poems based on his literature experience. His poems often speak of the pain of soldiers toward the front, praising soldiers’ heroism and patriotism, and inspiring to them the ambitions for success and faith in a certain victory, fraught with robust spirit and heroic mood. No pentasyllabic poems in conforming with regulated form rules were found in his works. However, generally they were composed of the rules of tonal antithesis and couplet parallelism, contributing to the development and completion of the “new style” forms. To sum up, it can be said that Yu Shi-nan’s works took the lead in the formation and development of Tang poems by merging the so-called “North and South poetical styles” in the stage of transition from North and South Dynasties poems in the 7th century to the Early Tang and High Tang poetry. In this regard, it is considered that Yu Shi-nan’s poetry had its important place in the history of Tang poetry.
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Yu Shi-nan(zi Bo-shi, a native of Yue-zhou) was born in the second year of Yong-ding Reign of the Chen Emperor Wu-di(558) and died in the 12th year of Zhen-guan Reign of the Tang Emperor Tai-zong(638). In this paper, I study the Yu Shi-nan’s place in the history of Tang Poetry by examining how his 24 poems, written in the early 7th century, exerted influence on the Early Tang and High Tang poetry, claiming that Yu Shi-nan’s poetry is not the palace poetry but the court poetry. Yu Shi-nan’s works in Tang Dynasty have been under the influence of Southern Dynasties courtly style like those in Su Dynasty. But in many cases, unlike any other court poets, he put spirit and passion into his court poems standardized by elaborating his observations and experiences of real life into the plot and expressing them beautifully. Such poems influenced Du Fu to some degree. Yu Shi-nan composed border poems based on his literature experience. His poems often speak of the pain of soldiers toward the front, praising soldiers’ heroism and patriotism, and inspiring to them the ambitions for success and faith in a certain victory, fraught with robust spirit and heroic mood. No pentasyllabic poems in conforming with regulated form rules were found in his works. However, generally they were composed of the rules of tonal antithesis and couplet parallelism, contributing to the development and completion of the “new style” forms. To sum up, it can be said that Yu Shi-nan’s works took the lead in the formation and development of Tang poems by merging the so-called “North and South poetical styles” in the stage of transition from North and South Dynasties poems in the 7th century to the Early Tang and High Tang poetry. In this regard, it is considered that Yu Shi-nan’s poetry had its important place in the history of Tang poetry.
[NRF 연계] 한국고전문학회 고전문학연구 Vol.35 2009.06 pp.425-452
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柳僖는 儒醫로 생계를 꾸렸다. 1814년 6월에 손에 마비 증세가 왔을 때 쓴 「手病」이란 산문에서, “나는 빈천하면서 할 일이 많은 사람이다.”라 하고는 손이 다시 나으면 남의 병을 고치고 또 남의 서찰에 응수하며 남의 일을 떠맡아 힘쓰겠다고 했다. 그는 포의로 삶을 마쳤지만 방대한 양의 『文通』을 남겼다. 유희는 그는 서울이나 안산 등에 거주하는 명류들과 문학세계를 공유하지 않았다. 하지만 세간의 부조리를 광정하겠다는 의지를 잃지 않았으며, 다양한 사상 조류에 대해 연찬하고 서양 천문력을 받아들여 과학적 사고를 확장했다. 유희의 한문문학은 통속적이다. 소재가 통속적이며, 한문 문장은 구법과 행문이 정돈되어 있지 않다. 그가 남긴 여러 편의 遊記는 이념을 함축하거나 의론으로 제시하지 않았고 서정과 묘사의 정교한 織造를 시도하지 않았다. 본고는 유희의 한문문학이 지닌 특성 가운데 ‘통속적 생활세계와 정감의 문학적 형상화’와 ‘속가에의 관심과 번역한시체의 개발’이라는 두 측면을 부각시켰다. 유희의 한문문학에 대한 검토는 향후 19세기 중간지식인들의 문학 세계를 이해하는데 한 가지 단서가 되리라 생각한다.
[NRF 연계] 인천대학교 인천학연구원 인천학연구 Vol.1 No.10 2009.02 pp.261-306
...Yu Wan-mu was of noble birth on 1861 at sicheon-dong Incheon. He was traditional confucian scholar. When Korea's sovereignty fell into crisis, he organized the secret society of confucian scholars, and fight for Korean Independence. As part of his efforts, he and his fellow thinkers was trying to rescue Kim Gu. As well as he was organized nationwide secret network of confucian scholars, he did his best to recover Korea's sovereignty and independence. However, the national movement within the country was difficult, he interested in pioneering Gando and researched on the dominium of Gando. As a result, he contributed to publish the Bukyeoyoseon as gando's geographical book. He contrived the publishing the paper and education business. For that purpose he called Chang Ji-yeon and Lee seung-hee into the North Gando. However, due to division of the national independence he was assassinated by Lee Bum-yoon's members in 1909. But he was selected the National Dying Patriot by government in 1951. But he has forgotten without any apparent reason. Hereafter, we must research of him, at the same time, exercise appropriate evaluation his good national movement.
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Bakcho Yu Wan-mu was of noble birth on 1861 at sicheon-dong Incheon. He was traditional confucian scholar. When Korea's sovereignty fell into crisis, he organized the secret society of confucian scholars, and fight for Korean Independence. As part of his efforts, he and his fellow thinkers was trying to rescue Kim Gu. As well as he was organized nationwide secret network of confucian scholars, he did his best to recover Korea's sovereignty and independence. However, the national movement within the country was difficult, he interested in pioneering Gando and researched on the dominium of Gando. As a result, he contributed to publish the Bukyeoyoseon as gando's geographical book. He contrived the publishing the paper and education business. For that purpose he called Chang Ji-yeon and Lee seung-hee into the North Gando. However, due to division of the national independence he was assassinated by Lee Bum-yoon's members in 1909. But he was selected the National Dying Patriot by government in 1951. But he has forgotten without any apparent reason. Hereafter, we must research of him, at the same time, exercise appropriate evaluation his good national movement.
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