년 - 년
한국 대중음악 시장의 정보적 수확 체증: 대체재의 위협을 중심으로
[NRF 연계] 한국상품학회 상품학연구 Vol.41 No.2 2023.04 pp.91-97
...popular music market by utilizing the model proposed by Ijiri and Simon (1974). As music is an experience good, we expect that increasing returns to information do exist in the Korean music market. Moreover, we expect substitute goods, such as sports events, to significantly affect the music market by reducing the magnitude of increasing returns to information. This is because the low-involved consumers in the market can be distracted by international events with high quality, such as the Olympics and World Cup, and they may exit the market in the short- or mid-term . Using the data from the Circle Chart, we find that increasing returns to information exist in the Korean music market. The results also show that this phenomenon can be mitigated by substitute goods, which refers to international sports events in this study. This study is one of the few studies to demonstrate the existence of increasing returns to information in the Korean music market. And it is also one of the few studies to assess the effect of substitute goods on the Korean popular music market. We discuss practical implications for the music industry and artists as well.
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본 연구는 Ijiri and Simon (1974)가 제안한 수확 체증 모형을 확장하여 국내 대중음악 시장을 계량적으로 분석하였다. 음악은 경험재의 성격을 갖기 때문에 소비자들은 다른 소비자의 구전에 민감하게 반응한다. 이에 따라 차트에서 높은 순위를 기록하는 음악 상품일수록 그 자체로 자기상관적 성장을 기대할 수 있다. 이를 기반으로 본 연구는 국내 대중음악 시장에 이른바 정보적 수확 체증 현상이 존재한다고 예측하고, 이를 써클 차트(Circle chart) 데이터를 수집하여 분석함으로써 실증하였다. 추가적으로, 음악에 대한 주목을 분산시킬 수 있는 대체재가 등장할 경우, 음악 시장에 존재하는 저관여 소비자들이 일시적으로 이탈함에 따라 정보적 수확 체증 현상이 감소할 것으로 예상하였다. 대중음악의 매력적인 대체재로서 본 연구는 2022년 개최된 대형 국제 스포츠 이벤트인 베이징동계올림픽과 카타르월드컵의 개최 효과에 따른 시장의 반응을 분석하여, 일시적으로 정보적 수확 체증이 완화됨을 실증하였다. 본 연구는 국내 대중음악 시장에 정보적 수확 체증 현상이 존재한다는 사실을 규명한 소수의 연구 중 하나로서, 대체재의 위협이 대중음악 시장에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 계량적으로 분석했다는 점에서 학술적 의의를 가진다. 실무적 시사점으로서 대중음악 시장 구조와 아티스트 유형에 따른 마케팅 전략 또한 논의한다.
This study attempts to explore the Korean popular music market by utilizing the model proposed by Ijiri and Simon (1974). As music is an experience good, we expect that increasing returns to information do exist in the Korean music market. Moreover, we expect substitute goods, such as sports events, to significantly affect the music market by reducing the magnitude of increasing returns to information. This is because the low-involved consumers in the market can be distracted by international events with high quality, such as the Olympics and World Cup, and they may exit the market in the short- or mid-term . Using the data from the Circle Chart, we find that increasing returns to information exist in the Korean music market. The results also show that this phenomenon can be mitigated by substitute goods, which refers to international sports events in this study. This study is one of the few studies to demonstrate the existence of increasing returns to information in the Korean music market. And it is also one of the few studies to assess the effect of substitute goods on the Korean popular music market. We discuss practical implications for the music industry and artists as well.
[NRF 연계] 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.17 No.1 2023.01 pp.165-176
...popular music on happiness. The subjects of the study are 607 middle school students enrolled in three middle schools located in the metropolitan area, and the survey period is from October 27 to November 4, 2022. The collected data were subjected to frequency analysis, cross-analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 23.0 program. As a result of the analysis, first, it was found that there were significant differences in the number of use of platform to appreciate popular music, time of appreciating popular music, and media used to appreciating popular music according to the characteristics of middle school students. Second, it was confirmed that middle school students' autonomy, positive interpersonal relationships, personal growth, self-acceptance, and self-control over the environment had a significant effect on happiness. Through the results of this study, we propose the development and operation of various and differentiated popular music appreciation activities programs that make it easier for students to access the latest popular music to enhance and improve the happiness of middle school students.
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본 연구는 대중음악 감상 경험이 있는 중학생들의심리적 안녕감이 행복감에 나타내는 효과성을 파악 하기 위해 실시되었다. 연구대상은 수도권 지역 소재중학교 세 곳에 재학 중인 남·여 중학생 607명이며, 조사기간은 2022년 10월 27일~ 11월 4일까지이다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 23.0 프로그램을 활용해 빈도분석, 교차분석, 기술통계분석, 상관분석, 다중회귀분석을실시하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 중학생의 개인별 특성에따라 대중음악 감상 콘텐츠 이용횟수, 대중음악 감상시간, 대중음악 감상 시 사용한 매체는 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 중학생의 자율성, 긍정적 대인관계, 개인성장, 자아수용, 환경 통제력은행복감에 유의미한 효과가 있음이 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 중학생들의 행복감 증진 및 향상을 위해 학생들이 최신 대중음악에 더욱 용이하게접근할 수 있는 다양하고 차별성 있는 대중음악감상활동 프로그램 개발 및 운영을 제안한다.
This study was conducted to understand the effectiveness of the psychological well-being of middle school students with experience in appreciating popular music on happiness. The subjects of the study are 607 middle school students enrolled in three middle schools located in the metropolitan area, and the survey period is from October 27 to November 4, 2022. The collected data were subjected to frequency analysis, cross-analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 23.0 program. As a result of the analysis, first, it was found that there were significant differences in the number of use of platform to appreciate popular music, time of appreciating popular music, and media used to appreciating popular music according to the characteristics of middle school students. Second, it was confirmed that middle school students' autonomy, positive interpersonal relationships, personal growth, self-acceptance, and self-control over the environment had a significant effect on happiness. Through the results of this study, we propose the development and operation of various and differentiated popular music appreciation activities programs that make it easier for students to access the latest popular music to enhance and improve the happiness of middle school students.
메타버스와 NFT를 활용한 대중음악 산업의 사례분석 및 특성
[NRF 연계] 인문사회21 인문사회21 Vol.13 No.6 2022.12 pp.3975-3986
...popular music industry using metaverse and NFT and to suggest the development plan of the popular music industry. The research method was a literature review method. As for the contents of the study, previous studies were analyzed, metaverse and NFT were investigated, and cases of the popular music industry using metaverse and NFT were considered. As a result of the study, it was found that the popular music performance industry using the metaverse platform is emerging as an alternative solution to enjoy performances after COVID-19. Second, through the exchange of music information using the music metaverse, a community can be formed freely even in a virtual space, which is expected to expand the scope of communication. Third, it was confirmed that the NFT can further develop creators and the popular music industry, and can have a positive effect on the protection of intellectual property rights and the creation of profits. It is expected that the results of this study will have a positive impact on the further development of the Korean pop music industry and the protection of creators' rights.
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
연구 목적: 본 연구는 메타버스와 NFT를 활용한 대중음악 산업의 사례를 분석하고 대중음악 산업의 발전 방안에 대해 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구 방법: 연구 방법은 문헌고찰 방식을 사용했다. 연구 내용: 연구 내용으로는 선행연구를 분석하고, 메타버스, NFT에 대해 알아보았으며, 메타버스와 NFT를 활용한 대중음악 산업 사례에 대해 고찰하였다. 결론 및 제언: 연구 결과 첫째, 메타버스 플랫폼을 활용한 대중음악 공연산업이 코로나19 이후 공연을 즐길 수 있는 대안책으로 떠오르고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 뮤직 메타버스를 활용한 음악 정보 교류를 통해 가상공간에서도 커뮤니티를 자유롭게 형성할 수 있어 소통의 폭이 확장될 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, NFT로 인해 창작자 및 대중음악 산업이 더욱 발전할 수 있으며 창작자의 지적재산권 보호 및 수익 창출에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 연구 결과를 통해 한국의 대중음악 산업이 더욱 발전하고 창작자의 권리가 지켜질 수 있는 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있을 것을 기대한다.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the case of the popular music industry using metaverse and NFT and to suggest the development plan of the popular music industry. The research method was a literature review method. As for the contents of the study, previous studies were analyzed, metaverse and NFT were investigated, and cases of the popular music industry using metaverse and NFT were considered. As a result of the study, it was found that the popular music performance industry using the metaverse platform is emerging as an alternative solution to enjoy performances after COVID-19. Second, through the exchange of music information using the music metaverse, a community can be formed freely even in a virtual space, which is expected to expand the scope of communication. Third, it was confirmed that the NFT can further develop creators and the popular music industry, and can have a positive effect on the protection of intellectual property rights and the creation of profits. It is expected that the results of this study will have a positive impact on the further development of the Korean pop music industry and the protection of creators' rights.
대중음악의 디지털 샘플링과 저작권침해에 관한 연구 - 미국 판례를 중심으로 -
[NRF 연계] 한국스포츠엔터테인먼트법학회 스포츠엔터테인먼트와 법 Vol.23 No.2 2020.05 pp.89-110
...music. Some talented DJs with a great sampling skills was promoted to producer because music labels began to recognize their production ability. Finally they are leading current popular music's trend in the world. It is borrowing a specific part, which he needs, from a publicized song and giving to pitch and speed of the song to create new song. So it is inevitable to transform some part of original song and it causes copyright infringement such as duplication right. In the United States, court dispute for music sampling is occurring occasionally, and it shows different judgement of courts recently. This study analyzed some key cases of music sampling to help the application of Korean cases in future because there is no law cases of this kind of sampling case in Korea. This study finds the main judgements of United States' cases are fair use, the work's copyright and the doctrine of de minimis use and recent case of fair use was influenced by judgement of Supreme Courts in 1994.
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컴퓨터 프로그램 및 편집 기술의 발달은 대중음악의 창작활동에도 큰 변화를 가져오는데, 그것의 대표적인 것이 샘플링이라는 음악 제작기법이다. 샘플링은 미국의 DJ들이 클럽 공연을 위한 실연으로 시작되었으나, 점차 댄스 음악의 제작기법으로 발전하였다. 유능한 DJ는 그의 샘플링 기술을 음반사로부터 인정받아 프로듀서의 역할도 겸하게 되었고, 이들이 현재 세계 대중음악산업의 트렌드를 주도하고 있다. 샘플링이란 기존에 공표된 곡에서 자신이 필요한 특정부분을 차용하여 그의 의도에 맞게 음의 높낮이와 속도 등에 변화를 주어 새로운 작품을 만드는 것이다. 그러므로 원곡의 일부변형이 불가피하며, 복제권등 원 저작권자와 권리 침해문제를 발생시키게 된다. 미국에서는 이로 인한 법정 분쟁이 자주 발생하고 있으며 최근에는 법원에 따라 다른 판결이 나타나고 있다. 본 연구는 한국에서 아직 음악 저작물의 샘플링에 관한 법원 판례가 없어 향후 법 적용 시 도움을 주고자 미국의 주요 판례를 분석하였다. 연구결과 미국법원은 공정이용, 저작물성, 최소한의 사용 법칙을 주요 판단기준으로 삼았으며, 최근 공정이용법리 적용에는 1994년 음악의 패러디 대법원 판례가 영향을 주었다.
The development of computer program and editing technology brings a great change in creative activity, especially for production technique called 'sampling'. In the beginning, it was DJ's performance in club gig but it is gradually developed as production technique of dance music. Some talented DJs with a great sampling skills was promoted to producer because music labels began to recognize their production ability. Finally they are leading current popular music's trend in the world. It is borrowing a specific part, which he needs, from a publicized song and giving to pitch and speed of the song to create new song. So it is inevitable to transform some part of original song and it causes copyright infringement such as duplication right. In the United States, court dispute for music sampling is occurring occasionally, and it shows different judgement of courts recently. This study analyzed some key cases of music sampling to help the application of Korean cases in future because there is no law cases of this kind of sampling case in Korea. This study finds the main judgements of United States' cases are fair use, the work's copyright and the doctrine of de minimis use and recent case of fair use was influenced by judgement of Supreme Courts in 1994.
현대 아일랜드의 대중음악에 나타난 역사와 저항-크리스티 무어와 울프 톤즈를 중심으로-
[NRF 연계] 고려대학교 역사연구소 史叢(사총) Vol.99 2020.01 pp.361-405
...music, especially protest song of Christy Moore and Wolf Tones in order to see how pop culture expresses and remembers historical experiences of people in a way that creates socially useful values. The two singers' characteristics are summarized as follows. First, the contents of the lyrics are often based on historical facts in a very detailed way. When Christy Moore dealt with events such as the 1981 hunger strike of Maze Prison, for example, the names of all ten prisoners dying of hunger are named and what they asked was also mentioned. Second, it is noteworthy that they constantly reminded people of the Northern Ireland issue. This passed down to singers who came up in the 2000s. For example, Sinead O'Connor, an internationally popular punk music singer, actively expresses support for feminism and IRA, noting that she was influenced by precedent protest song singers. Third, the songs of Christy Moore and Wolf Tones are still gaining huge popularity among young Irish. Their songs are still popular in a form of football supporters' cheering song and are summoned whenever the Northern Ireland issue arises. Fourth, their popularity is not limited in Ireland, but reaches global stage as well with 'Irishness' as its main charming point. It is particularly interesting that in the US, traditional Irish folk songs or albums marked by protest and criticism of society are being sold steadily. Of course, it may be because there are a lot of Irish immigrants, but it should be noted that they have not lost their identity, and that pop music comes with this. Fifth, it is also interesting that both Christy Moore and Wolf Tones dealt with world conflicts through songs. Their songs about the Spanish Civil War and the Falklands War ensure their universality as protest songs.
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본 연구는 아일랜드 대중음악, 그 중에서도 특히 크리스티 무어와 울프 톤즈의 저항음악을 살펴봄으로써 대중문화가 국민의 역사적 경험을어떤 방식으로 표현하고 기억하는지, 그럼으로써 어떻게 사회적으로 유용한 가치를 창출하는지를 살펴보고자 했다. 이 두 가수의 특징을 정리해보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가사의 내용이 역사적 사실을 바탕으로 한 경우가 많으며 매우 구체적이다. 예를 들면 1970년대와 80년대의 단식 투쟁과 같은 사건을 다룰 때 사망한 10명의 이름을 모두 거명하고 그들의요구사항이 무엇이었는지를 그들은 상세하게 다룬다. 둘째, 북아일랜드문제를 계속해서 언급하고 있다는 점은 주목할 부분이다. 이것은 2000년대에 인기를 얻고 있는 가수들에게도 이어지고 있다. 예를 들어 펑크 음악의 기수인 시네이드 오코너의 경우는 페미니즘, IRA에 대한 지지를 적극적으로 나타내면서 선배 가수들의 영향을 받았다고 말하고 있다. 셋째, 무어와 울프 톤즈의 노래가 여전히 아일랜드의 젊은이들에게서 큰 인기를 얻고 있다는 점이다. 그들의 노래는 과거가 아닌 현재에도 축구 경기응원가와 같은 형식으로 여전히 힘을 발휘하고 있으며, 북아일랜드 문제가 불거질 때면 어김없이 소환된다. 넷째, 아일랜드 국내에 머무르지 않고 외국에서도 아일랜드인의 정체성과 관련지어 큰 인기를 얻고 있다. 특히 미국에서 아일랜드의 전통 민요나 사회비판과 저항을 담은 앨범이 꾸준히 판매되고 있는 것은 흥미롭다. 물론 아일랜드계 이주민이 많기때문에 그럴 수도 있지만 그들이 쉽게 미국에 동화되어 정체성을 잃어버리지 않았다는 점, 그리고 대중음악이 이와 함께 한다는 점은 주목해야한다. 다섯째, 무어와 울프 톤즈 모두 세계 분쟁에 대한 그들의 주장을노래를 통해 제시했다는 점도 눈여겨보아야 한다. 에스파냐 내전과 포클랜드 전쟁에 대한 이들의 노래는 그런 점에서 저항 노래로서의 국제성을담보하고 있다고 할 수 있다.
The study examined Irish pop music, especially protest song of Christy Moore and Wolf Tones in order to see how pop culture expresses and remembers historical experiences of people in a way that creates socially useful values. The two singers' characteristics are summarized as follows. First, the contents of the lyrics are often based on historical facts in a very detailed way. When Christy Moore dealt with events such as the 1981 hunger strike of Maze Prison, for example, the names of all ten prisoners dying of hunger are named and what they asked was also mentioned. Second, it is noteworthy that they constantly reminded people of the Northern Ireland issue. This passed down to singers who came up in the 2000s. For example, Sinead O'Connor, an internationally popular punk music singer, actively expresses support for feminism and IRA, noting that she was influenced by precedent protest song singers. Third, the songs of Christy Moore and Wolf Tones are still gaining huge popularity among young Irish. Their songs are still popular in a form of football supporters' cheering song and are summoned whenever the Northern Ireland issue arises. Fourth, their popularity is not limited in Ireland, but reaches global stage as well with 'Irishness' as its main charming point. It is particularly interesting that in the US, traditional Irish folk songs or albums marked by protest and criticism of society are being sold steadily. Of course, it may be because there are a lot of Irish immigrants, but it should be noted that they have not lost their identity, and that pop music comes with this. Fifth, it is also interesting that both Christy Moore and Wolf Tones dealt with world conflicts through songs. Their songs about the Spanish Civil War and the Falklands War ensure their universality as protest songs.
대중음악축제의 서비스 품질이 지각된 가치, 고객 만족도 및 축제 재방문 의도에 미치는 영향
[NRF 연계] 한국관광레저학회 관광레저연구 Vol.30 No.4 2018.04 pp.267-287
...popular music festival, starting at the middle of the first decade of 21century, have growed rapidly in a short period and become an industry though related researches. By studying the value of the event and conducting researches aiming at improving service quality and customer satisfaction, the revisit intention can be improved while the sustainability of the popular music festivals can be ensured. By examining the relationship of service quality, perceived value, customer satisfaction and revisit intention, the study aims at giving suggestions about designing and operating the popular music festival. In conclusion, perceived value positively affects customer satisfaction, which has positive effect on revisit intention. Moreover, the designer and operator of the popular music festival should make efforts to improve the customer satisfaction of participants by understanding the importance of service quality, perceived value, experience and image of the event.
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In South Korea, the popular music festival, starting at the middle of the first decade of 21century, have growed rapidly in a short period and become an industry though related researches. By studying the value of the event and conducting researches aiming at improving service quality and customer satisfaction, the revisit intention can be improved while the sustainability of the popular music festivals can be ensured. By examining the relationship of service quality, perceived value, customer satisfaction and revisit intention, the study aims at giving suggestions about designing and operating the popular music festival. In conclusion, perceived value positively affects customer satisfaction, which has positive effect on revisit intention. Moreover, the designer and operator of the popular music festival should make efforts to improve the customer satisfaction of participants by understanding the importance of service quality, perceived value, experience and image of the event.
[NRF 연계] 한국문화산업학회 문화산업연구 Vol.16 No.1 2016.03 pp.109-115
...Popular Music Industry, the contents of popular music arranging have high percentage using on broadcasting program, movie, and more. And understanding of the derivative work has begun to make issue. The derivative work have a right for original author. In music industry, the derivative work has used by new arranging of popular music on the broadcasting program. It has to get a License from original author, but it is uncertain on derivative work by musical standard. The License have classified four part of Cover, Remake, Adaptation, Sampling. The four parts of License have mean how far similar as original work, but it has a problem with a Copy Clear. This paper is for definition of copyright law in music industry, derivative work for copy clear, and issues of popular music industry.
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최근 대중음악산업에서 방송, 드라마, 영화에서 대중음악의 편곡을 소제로 한 콘텐츠가 비중을 차지하게 되면서 2차적 저작물에 관한 인식이 드러나기 시작했다. 대중음악, 가요를 소재로 하는 방송 프로그램이 늘어나면서 기존의 원곡을 재해석 하여 편곡하는 구성으로 만들어진 2차적 저작물은 저작권법상 원저작자에게 권리가 주어진다. 하지만, 대중음악산업에서는 라이선스(License)를 얻는 방식으로 원저작자로부터 권리를 받게 되는데 기준이 모호한 부분이 있다. 대중음악 산업에서 커버(Cover), 리메이크(Remake), 어답테이션(Adaptation), 샘플링(Sampling) 의 4가지로 라이선스(License)를 분류하는데 원곡과 얼마나 유사하느냐에 따라 지분의 명분은 있으나 실제로 이행할 수 없는 현실에 있다. 또한 방송프로그램에서 사용된 2차적 저작물은 권리처리가 제대로 이행되지 않는 경우도 발생한다. 본 연구는 대중음악 2차적 저작물에 관한 저작권법상 정의와, 권리처리의 현황, 대중음악산업 종사자로서의 쟁점들을 정리하고자 한다.
Recently in Popular Music Industry, the contents of popular music arranging have high percentage using on broadcasting program, movie, and more. And understanding of the derivative work has begun to make issue. The derivative work have a right for original author. In music industry, the derivative work has used by new arranging of popular music on the broadcasting program. It has to get a License from original author, but it is uncertain on derivative work by musical standard. The License have classified four part of Cover, Remake, Adaptation, Sampling. The four parts of License have mean how far similar as original work, but it has a problem with a Copy Clear. This paper is for definition of copyright law in music industry, derivative work for copy clear, and issues of popular music industry.
서사민요와 대중가요에 나타난 말하기 방식-남녀 간 연애를 주제로 한 노래를 중심으로-
[NRF 연계] 한국민요학회 한국민요학 Vol.42 No.3 2014.12 pp.173-204
...popular songs, which were respectively enjoyed in traditional society and industrial society, in an effort to determine the attitude of the receivers toward dating, which is one of universal human needs. It’s specifically meant to investigate the speaking patterns of the lyrics in several selected epic folksongs and popular songs of the 1960s and the 1970s. As a result of analyzing the words of the songs, a variety of speaking patterns appeared in the epic folksongs such as narration of the narrator, dramatic monologue or dramatic dialogue, which showed that there were direct or indirect two-way communication between the characters. In contrast, there was no two-way communication in the popular songs, which were characterized by narration of the narrator, monologue of the narrator or monologue of the first-person narrator. The speaking patterns of the epic folksongs were open, which implies that utterance by others was allowed at anytime. On the contrary, those of the popular songs were closed, which denoted that utterance by others wasn’t allowed. It could be inferred from the difference between the two that there would be another difference in attitude toward dating. The epic folksongs dealt with physical desire and direct communication between man and woman in a positive manner, whereas the popular songs of the 1960s and 1970s passively described longing for someone whom the writer couldn’t be with or sorrow about that. Despite the open structure of the epic folksongs, however, the folksongs looked at the dating situations, which they described, at a distance. On the contrary, the popular songs had a closed structure and dealt with the dating situations in an emotionally attached manner. The closedness of the epic folksongs was guaranteed by being enjoyed only by some people, but the popular songs were distributed through massmedia. It was possible for the epic folksongs to take an active and open attitude toward dating due to the closedness of the songs and the solidarity of the people who enjoyed the songs, and the passive attitude of the popular songs was attributed to the fact that they were freely distributed through massmedia such as radio or TV. In order to analyze the differences between the two and the causes of the differences in more detail, more intensive research efforts are required.
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이 연구는 전통사회와 산업화사회에서 불린 서사민요와 대중가요를 통해 향유층(수용자층)이 인류 보편의 욕망인 연애에 관하여 어떠한 태도를 보이는가를 구명하기 위해 시도한 선행 작업이다. 이를 위해 서사민요와 1960~70년대 대중가요 가운데 대중에게 널리 불리고 사랑받았던 노래 중 최소한의 이야기성을 담보하면서 연애 상황을 담아낸 노래를 선택하여 이들 노랫말에 나타난 말하기 방식을 살펴보았다. 대상 자료를 살펴본 결과 서사민요는 서사적 서술, 극적 독백, 극적 대화 등 다양한 말하기를 통해 등장인물 간 소통을 지향하는 반면 대중가요는 서사적 독백과 일인칭 화자 독백 등을 통해 일방적 말하기를 하고 있으며 소통을 허용하지 않는다. 또한 서사민요의 노랫말은 언제든지 다른 발화가 개입할 수 있는 개방성을 띠는 반면 대중가요는 다른 발화의 개입이 용인되지 않는 폐쇄성을 띤다. 이러한 차이는 연애에 대한 태도와 그 차이를 유추할 수 있는 근거가 된다. 현재의 육체적 욕망과 남녀 간 직접적 소통을 긍정하는 서사민요와는 달리 1960-70년대 대중가요는 일방적인 말하기를 통해 현재 나와 함께 할 수 없는 상대방에 대한 그리움과 아쉬움의 정서를 중심으로 소극적 자세를 보이기 때문이다. 그러나 서사민요에 나타난 개방적 구조는 향유자들에게 열려있지만 노래 속 연애 상황에 대해서는 일정한 거리를 취하는 양상을 보인다. 반면 대중가요에 나타난 폐쇄적 구조는 연애 상황에 대해 정서적으로 밀착된 양상을 보이고 있다. 향유자 간 소통을 통해 비밀과 폐쇄성이 보장받았던 서사민요와 달리 대중가요는 대중매체를 통해 생산, 유통되었다. 민중이 향유했던 연애에 대한 적극적이고 개방적인 태도는 향유층의 결속력과 폐쇄성이 보장한 것이고 대중가요에서 발견되는 소극적 태도는 라디오, 텔레비전과 같은 대중매체를 통해 공개적으로 유통된 데 그 원인이 있다고도 볼 수 있다. 이러한 변화의 양상과 원인을 입증하기 위해 향유층의 경험을 근거로 보다 정밀하고도 다각적인 연구가 필요한 시점이다.
The purpose of this study was to examine epic folksongs and popular songs, which were respectively enjoyed in traditional society and industrial society, in an effort to determine the attitude of the receivers toward dating, which is one of universal human needs. It’s specifically meant to investigate the speaking patterns of the lyrics in several selected epic folksongs and popular songs of the 1960s and the 1970s. As a result of analyzing the words of the songs, a variety of speaking patterns appeared in the epic folksongs such as narration of the narrator, dramatic monologue or dramatic dialogue, which showed that there were direct or indirect two-way communication between the characters. In contrast, there was no two-way communication in the popular songs, which were characterized by narration of the narrator, monologue of the narrator or monologue of the first-person narrator. The speaking patterns of the epic folksongs were open, which implies that utterance by others was allowed at anytime. On the contrary, those of the popular songs were closed, which denoted that utterance by others wasn’t allowed. It could be inferred from the difference between the two that there would be another difference in attitude toward dating. The epic folksongs dealt with physical desire and direct communication between man and woman in a positive manner, whereas the popular songs of the 1960s and 1970s passively described longing for someone whom the writer couldn’t be with or sorrow about that. Despite the open structure of the epic folksongs, however, the folksongs looked at the dating situations, which they described, at a distance. On the contrary, the popular songs had a closed structure and dealt with the dating situations in an emotionally attached manner. The closedness of the epic folksongs was guaranteed by being enjoyed only by some people, but the popular songs were distributed through massmedia. It was possible for the epic folksongs to take an active and open attitude toward dating due to the closedness of the songs and the solidarity of the people who enjoyed the songs, and the passive attitude of the popular songs was attributed to the fact that they were freely distributed through massmedia such as radio or TV. In order to analyze the differences between the two and the causes of the differences in more detail, more intensive research efforts are required.
문화레저사적 개념에서 본 한국 대중음악산업에 대한 시론적 연구
[NRF 연계] 한국관광레저학회 관광레저연구 Vol.24 No.8 2012.11 pp.325-342
...popular music industry through socio-cultural method. In fact, music appeals to the general people through being commercialized whether it is a record or sound. To outline the main research trend, the expansion of the popular music and record industry which originally had started as a way of modernity under Japanese rule-era occurred in a full swing after Korean liberation and 1960s when industrialization started. Especially after 1970s until 1990s, Korean record culture and market made powerful impact, but after 2000 the music market turned into the new phase with the emergence of music download industry.
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This study especially tries to look into the flow and interrelationship of Korean popular music industry through socio-cultural method. In fact, music appeals to the general people through being commercialized whether it is a record or sound. To outline the main research trend, the expansion of the popular music and record industry which originally had started as a way of modernity under Japanese rule-era occurred in a full swing after Korean liberation and 1960s when industrialization started. Especially after 1970s until 1990s, Korean record culture and market made powerful impact, but after 2000 the music market turned into the new phase with the emergence of music download industry.
대중음악 전공 교육과 산업 현장 요구 간 적합성에 대한 한중 대학 학생 및 교수 인식 비교 연구
[NRF 연계] 한국문화산업학회 문화산업연구 Vol.26 No.1 2026.03 pp.337-344
...popular music education and industry demands. A total of 256 participants (126 from Korea, 130 from China) completed a structured questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and regression analysis. The results showed that Korean respondents rated both the educational effectiveness (musical skills, creativity, professionalism) and industry alignment (practical applicability, trend reflection) significantly higher than their Chinese counterparts. Differences were also found between students and professors: students perceived greater industrial experience and internship opportunities, while professors emphasized curricular reflection of industry trends. Regression results indicated that education?industry alignment had a significant positive effect on overall satisfaction, confirming that curricula reflecting real-world demands enhance learners’ positive attitudes. This study provides empirical evidence for strengthening the linkage between education and the music industry in both countries, suggesting directions for curriculum reform, field training expansion, and institutional collaboration.
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본 연구는 한중 대학의 대중음악 전공 교육과 산업 현장 요구 간 적합성에 대한 학생 및 교수의 인식을 비교·분석하였다. 이를 위해 한국(126명)과 중국(130명) 대학의 대중음악 전공 학생 및 교수 256명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고, 기술통계, t-검정, 회귀분석을 수행하였다. 분석 결과, 한국 응답자들이 교육 효과성(전문 기술·창의성·음악적 소양)과 산업 적합성(실무 적용성·트렌드 반영) 측면에서 중국보다 높게 평가하였다. 또한 교수와 학생 간에도 인식 차이가 존재하여, 학생은 실습·인턴십 등 산업 경험을, 교수는 교육 내용의 산업 반영성을 더 높게 평가하였다. 회귀분석에서는 교육–산업 적합성이 교육 만족도에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤으며, 이는 산업 요구를 반영한 교육이 학습자의 긍정적 인식을 강화함을 의미한다. 본 연구는 한중 대중음악 교육의 체계적 비교를 통해 교육과 산업 간 연계성 강화, 커리큘럼 개선, 산학 협력 확대의 방향을 제시하였다.
This study examined and compared the perceptions of Korean and Chinese university students and professors regarding the alignment between popular music education and industry demands. A total of 256 participants (126 from Korea, 130 from China) completed a structured questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and regression analysis. The results showed that Korean respondents rated both the educational effectiveness (musical skills, creativity, professionalism) and industry alignment (practical applicability, trend reflection) significantly higher than their Chinese counterparts. Differences were also found between students and professors: students perceived greater industrial experience and internship opportunities, while professors emphasized curricular reflection of industry trends. Regression results indicated that education?industry alignment had a significant positive effect on overall satisfaction, confirming that curricula reflecting real-world demands enhance learners’ positive attitudes. This study provides empirical evidence for strengthening the linkage between education and the music industry in both countries, suggesting directions for curriculum reform, field training expansion, and institutional collaboration.
대학 교육을 위한 고전시가와 대중가요의 접목과 활용-대학에서의 고전시가 전공 수업 운영 수업 사례(2)-
[NRF 연계] 배달말학회 배달말 Vol.68 2024.12 pp.99-136
...popular music, including K-pop, into the curriculum. The article also reviews research on the continuity between classical Korean poetry and popular music and discusses the direction for classical poetry education in universities based on these findings. There has been ongoing academic discussion regarding the continuity and connection between classical Korean poetry and popular music. While scholars may differ on specific details, there is a general consensus that both classical Korean poetry and popular music can be viewed as part of an ongoing tradition, where their meanings and values are interconnected. Additionally, there has been continuous discussion about applying this integration of classical Korean poetry and popular music to university education. It is worth noting that discussions and critiques of classical Korean poetry and popular music are often reported even by those outside of academic circles, but such discussions sometimes stem from misconceptions or preconceived notions about classical Korean poetry, which can lead to problematic interpretations. This highlights the need for university education that helps foster a proper understanding of both classical Korean poetry and popular music. In the classical Korean poetry course taught by the author, the integration of classical poetry and popular music was incorporated into the curriculum. The theoretical portion of the course covered the evolution of classical Korean poetry, comparisons between classical poetry and modern popular music, and the development of K-pop. To ensure the course wasn’t overly focused on theoretical learning, students were also given practical assignments. These included: ①writing critical essays on modern popular music, and ②writing comparative analyses of classical Korean poetry and popular music. The first assignment served as a precursor to the second, helping students better prepare for the comparative analysis. Through analyzing popular music, students were better able to tackle the next step: comparing and analyzing classical Korean poetry and popular music. This process was deemed to effectively help students understand classical Korean poetry in new ways and deepen their learning experience.
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본고는 필자가 대학 교육 현장에서 운영했던 고전시가 전공 수업 사례를 정리․보고하는 글이다. 특히 이 글은 필자가 이전에 발표했던 ‘고전시가 교육을 위한 K-콘텐츠의 접목과 활용’이라는 논의 중 고전시가와 대중가요 또는 케이팝을 적용하여 수업했던 사례를 추가적으로 검토한 것이다. 더불어 고전시가와 대중가요의 연속성에 관한 연구들을 살펴보았고 이를 토대로 대학에서의 고전시가 교육의 방향성에 대해서도 함께 논의하였다. 그간 학계에서는 고전시가와 대중가요의 연속성, 연계성에 대한 논의가 꾸준히 이루어져 왔다. 논자마다 세부적인 부분에 대해서는 견해 차이가 나타나지만 대부분 고전시가와 대중가요를 연장선 상에 놓고 그 의미와 가치를 찾는 데 이견이 없다. 또한 고전시가와 대중가요를 접목하여 대학 교육에 적용한 논의들도 지속적으로 제출되고 있다. 한편 고전시가와 대중가요에 관한 논의와 비평은 학술 연구자가 아니어도 종종 보고되는데, 하지만 고전시가에 대한 선입견과 오해로 인해 자칫 문제의 소지가 있는 글을 쓰기도 한다. 이러한 까닭에 고전시가와 대중가요에 대한 제대로 된 시각과 학술 지식을 함양하는 대학 교육이 필요하다고 할 수 있다. 필자는 고전시가 전공 교과에서 고전시가와 대중가요를 접목하여 수업을 운영하였는데, 이론 학습에서는 고전시가의 흐름, 고전시가와 현대 대중가요의 비교, 대중가요와 케이팝의 흐름 등을 정리해서 전달하였다. 또한 이론 중심 수업으로 치우치지 않게 학습자들이 능동적으로 활동할 수 있도록 했는데, ①현대 대중가요 비평문을 과제로 제시하거나 ②고전시가와 대중가요 비교․분석 비평문 쓰기를 제안하였다. ①은 ②를 위한 전단계적 의미가 크다. 학습자들은 대중가요 분석을 통해 그다음 단계인 ‘고전시가+대중가요’ 비교 분석 과제를 보다 더 수월하게 수행할 수 있다. 이러한 과정을 거치면서 학생들은 고전시가를 효율적으로 학습하고 새롭게 이해하게 되는 계기를 마련하게 된 것으로 평가할 수 있다.
This article summarizes a case study of classical Korean poetry courses that the author taught in a university setting. Specifically, it builds on the previous discussion titled ‘Integrating and Utilizing K-Content in Classical Korean Poetry Education’, adding an exploration of integrating classical Korean poetry with popular music, including K-pop, into the curriculum. The article also reviews research on the continuity between classical Korean poetry and popular music and discusses the direction for classical poetry education in universities based on these findings. There has been ongoing academic discussion regarding the continuity and connection between classical Korean poetry and popular music. While scholars may differ on specific details, there is a general consensus that both classical Korean poetry and popular music can be viewed as part of an ongoing tradition, where their meanings and values are interconnected. Additionally, there has been continuous discussion about applying this integration of classical Korean poetry and popular music to university education. It is worth noting that discussions and critiques of classical Korean poetry and popular music are often reported even by those outside of academic circles, but such discussions sometimes stem from misconceptions or preconceived notions about classical Korean poetry, which can lead to problematic interpretations. This highlights the need for university education that helps foster a proper understanding of both classical Korean poetry and popular music. In the classical Korean poetry course taught by the author, the integration of classical poetry and popular music was incorporated into the curriculum. The theoretical portion of the course covered the evolution of classical Korean poetry, comparisons between classical poetry and modern popular music, and the development of K-pop. To ensure the course wasn’t overly focused on theoretical learning, students were also given practical assignments. These included: ①writing critical essays on modern popular music, and ②writing comparative analyses of classical Korean poetry and popular music. The first assignment served as a precursor to the second, helping students better prepare for the comparative analysis. Through analyzing popular music, students were better able to tackle the next step: comparing and analyzing classical Korean poetry and popular music. This process was deemed to effectively help students understand classical Korean poetry in new ways and deepen their learning experience.
청소년을 위한 대중가요 감상 활용 이야기 만들기 사례연구
[NRF 연계] 한국독서치료학회 독서치료연구 Vol.14 No.3 2022.10 pp.63-93
...popular music in high school music classes to help students expireince personal development of self-identity. The story-making process of literary therapy can provide opportunities for self-reflection and help with self-growth. Although folktales were used in the story-making methods of this study, the story-making process also incorporated popular music appreciation with the consideration of the effects of how music awakens the sensed, stimulates emotions, and how the characteristics of musical preferences affect adolescents. The principle and reaction stage of popular music appreciation were applied to the sensory appreciation technique. A stimulation process and emotional reaction stage of music, as suggested by Thaut, was used for studentes to experience emotions and maximize connections based on their own experiences and feelings. The following is the result of this study. First, it is found that the creation of fictional narratives using popular music appreciation can help adolescents in their writing activities. Second, it is found that the process of making a story using popular music appreciation helps adolescents to voluntarily self-understand and discover themselves. Third, it is found that the process of story-making using popular music appreciation is meaningful in providing an opportunity for self-reflection and helping adolescents to experience self-growth. Fourth, it is found that the story-making process using popular music can be an effective counseling method through the self-opening of adolescents. The significance and value of this study is that it provides a new method in which music and literature meet through the story-making process of using popular music appreciation, and it provides useful consideration of the characteristics and musical preferences of adolescents.
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
우리나라 대다수의 청소년들은 입시 위주의 교육 속에서 학업에 대한 강한 압박과 스트레스로 인해 긍정적 자아 정체성 형성에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 본 연구는 고등학교 음악 수업에서 대중가요 감상을 활용한 이야기 만들기 과정을 통해 청소년들에게 자아 성찰의 기회를 제공하고 더 나아가 자아 성장을 경험할 수 있도록 돕고자 계획되었다. 이를 위해 먼저 청소년의 자기 이해와 자기성찰적 글쓰기를 도울 수 있도록 대중가요 감상을 단계별로 제공하여 감각을 깨우고 정서적 반응을 통해 내면을 탐색하도록 하였다. 또한 대중가요 감상을 활용하여 탐색된 내면의 자기 이야기를 직접적으로 노출시키지 않으면서도 적극적 상상을 통해 자신의 이야기를 마음껏 펼쳐 나갈 수 있는 허구적 이야기 만들기 과정을 활용하였다. 제공된 대중가요 감상의 원리와 반응단계는 감각적 감상기법과 Thaut가 제시한 음악의 자극과정과 정서반응 단계를 적용하여 감정을 경험하게 하고 감정과 관련된 자신의 경험을 바탕으로 연상작용을 극대화시킬 수 있도록 제공하였다. 대중가요 감상 활용 이야기 만들기 과정을 실행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대중가요 감상을 활용한 허구서사창작이 청소년들의 글쓰기 활동에 도움을 줄 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 대중가요 감상을 활용한 이야기 만들기 과정은 청소년들의 자발적인 자기 이해와 자기 탐색을 돕는다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 셋째, 대중가요 감상 활용 이야기 만들기 과정은 청소년의 자아 성찰의 기회를 제공하고 자아 성장을 경험할 수 있도록 돕는데 유의미하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 넷째, 대중가요 감상 활용 이야기 만들기 과정은 청소년들의 자기개방을 통한 효과적인 상담의 방법이 될 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 청소년의 특성과 음악적 선호도를 고려하여 대중가요 감상을 활용한 이야기 만들기 과정을 통해 음악과 문학이 만나는 새로운 방법과 실질적인 사례를 제공했다는 점에서 의의와 가치를 찾을 수 있다.
Most adolescents in Korea are having difficulties in forming a positive self-identity due to the strong pressure and stresses on their studies in education which are centered on the university entrance exam. In this educational atmosphere, adolescents experience confusion about their identity which negatively affects the formation of their sense of self. The purpose of this study is to provide an opportunity for self-reflection of adolescents through story-making processes. These processes use the appreciation of popular music in high school music classes to help students expireince personal development of self-identity. The story-making process of literary therapy can provide opportunities for self-reflection and help with self-growth. Although folktales were used in the story-making methods of this study, the story-making process also incorporated popular music appreciation with the consideration of the effects of how music awakens the sensed, stimulates emotions, and how the characteristics of musical preferences affect adolescents. The principle and reaction stage of popular music appreciation were applied to the sensory appreciation technique. A stimulation process and emotional reaction stage of music, as suggested by Thaut, was used for studentes to experience emotions and maximize connections based on their own experiences and feelings. The following is the result of this study. First, it is found that the creation of fictional narratives using popular music appreciation can help adolescents in their writing activities. Second, it is found that the process of making a story using popular music appreciation helps adolescents to voluntarily self-understand and discover themselves. Third, it is found that the process of story-making using popular music appreciation is meaningful in providing an opportunity for self-reflection and helping adolescents to experience self-growth. Fourth, it is found that the story-making process using popular music can be an effective counseling method through the self-opening of adolescents. The significance and value of this study is that it provides a new method in which music and literature meet through the story-making process of using popular music appreciation, and it provides useful consideration of the characteristics and musical preferences of adolescents.
온라인 공연 기반의 대중음악산업 생태계 발전방안: 서비스 가치 네트워크 모형을 기반으로
[NRF 연계] 글로벌문화콘텐츠학회 글로벌문화콘텐츠 Vol.52 2022.08 pp.249-268
...popular music performance ecosystem and explore development plans. To this end, the current status and characteristics of the pop music performance industry were derived, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 experts from the pop music performance industry and academia. By applying the interview results to the service value network model, the offline-based performance industry ecosystem(As-Is) and the online and offline convergence performance ecosystem(To-Be) were schematized, and specific development plans were proposed based on this. As a result of the study, it was found that in the popular music industry, new value actors in the online performance industry will flow into all value chains except for the creative source stage, and the range of consumers, which consisted mainly of offline visitors, will be subdivided online and offline.
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
본 연구는 온⋅오프라인이 융합된 대중음악 공연 생태계를 분석하고 발전 방안을 탐색하는 것에 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 대중음악 공연산업 현황과 특성을 도출하고, 대중음악 공연산업계 및 학계의 전문가 15명의 심층 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 인터뷰 결과를 서비스 가치 네트워크 모형에 적용하여 오프라인 기반 공연산업 생태계(As-Is)와 온⋅오프라인 융합 공연 생태계(To-Be)를 도식화하였으며, 이를 토대로 구체적인 발전방안을 제언하였다. 연구결과, 대중음악산업에는 온라인 공연계의 새로운 가치행위자가 창작원천 단계를 제외한 모든 가치사슬에 새롭게 유입될 것으로 나타났으며, 오프라인 관람객 위주로 구성되었던 소비자의 범위가 온오프라인으로 세분화될 것으로 예측되었다.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the online and offline popular music performance ecosystem and explore development plans. To this end, the current status and characteristics of the pop music performance industry were derived, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 experts from the pop music performance industry and academia. By applying the interview results to the service value network model, the offline-based performance industry ecosystem(As-Is) and the online and offline convergence performance ecosystem(To-Be) were schematized, and specific development plans were proposed based on this. As a result of the study, it was found that in the popular music industry, new value actors in the online performance industry will flow into all value chains except for the creative source stage, and the range of consumers, which consisted mainly of offline visitors, will be subdivided online and offline.
메타버스 플랫폼 분석을 통한 대중 음악 문화의 발전 방향 연구
[NRF 연계] 한국문화산업학회 문화산업연구 Vol.22 No.2 2022.06 pp.1-12
...musical issues of existing large metaverse platforms. As a result, the researcher judged that Roblox was the easiest to enter through analysis of Roblox, ZEPETO, Fortnite, Minecraft, and Animal Forest, which are called large metaverse platforms. It is not easy for ordinary artists to enter into a contract with a platform by spending a large amount of money like large entertainment to enter the metaverse, so another approach is needed. Compared to the unprecedented metaverse storm, the technological development is slow and no future business model has been created. At this point, the metaverse platform Roblox and the artist's worldview content convergence are judged to have utility value and potential for development in the pop culture market. Like many maps in Roblox, simple games can induce users to purchase music within the platform, and storytelling can be used to build maps to attract users' interest. The creation of the metaverse platform using the worldview that expresses the creative ability and creativity of each artist is the most suitable path for various artists to enter the changing music market. A small number of popular musicians have acquired wealth in the past, but generally the life of a musician is not prosperous. The purpose of this study is to suggest the possibility of various artists entering the changing metaverse market by recommending the creation of the metaverse platform using the musical worldview
※ 협약을 통해 무료로 제공되는 자료로, 원문이용 방식은 연계기관의 정책을 따르고 있습니다.
본 연구는 현존하는 대형 메타버스 플랫폼들의 특징과 음악적 이슈 분석 방법을 통해 아티스트들이 메타버스 시장에서 활동할 수 있는 진입 경로의 범위 및 가능성을 진단하였다. 대형 메타버스 플랫폼으로 불리는 로블록스, 제페토, 포트나이트, 마인크래프트, 동물의 숲을 분석한 결과 연구자는 로블록스 진입이 가장 현실적인 경로라 판단하였다. 일반 아티스트들이 메타버스에 진출하기 위해 대형 엔터테인먼트처럼 거액을 들여 플랫폼과 계약관계를 맺는 것은 쉽지 않기 때문에 또 다른 접근 방법이 필요하다. 이례적인 메타버스 돌풍과 비교해 기술적 발전이 더디고 미래형 비즈니스 모델이 창출되지 않은 현시점에서 플랫폼 로블록스와 아티스트의 세계관 콘텐츠 융합은 대중 문화 시장에서 효용 가치와 발전 가능성이 있다고 판단된다. 로블록스 내의 맵들과 마찬가지로 간단한 게임으로 유저들을 유도하여플랫폼 내에서 음악을 구입하게 할 수 있으며 스토리텔링을 활용하여 맵을 구축해 유저들의 관심을 이끌 수 있다. 아티스트 개인의 창작 능력과 창의성이 개입된 세계관을 활용한 메타버스 플랫폼의 창작은 변화하는 음악 시장의 흐름에서 다양한 아티스트들이 메타버스에 진입할 수 있는 적합한 경로이다. 예전부터 소수의 대중음악가들이 부를 획득한 적이 있으나 일반적으로 음악가의 삶은 풍요롭지 못하다. 본 연구의 목적은 음악적 세계관을 활용한 메타버스 플랫폼 창작 권유로 다양한아티스트가 변화하는 메타버스 시장에 진입할 수 있는 가능성을 제시한다.
This study diagnoses the scope and possibility of entry routes through which artists can work in the metaverse market by analyzing the characteristics and musical issues of existing large metaverse platforms. As a result, the researcher judged that Roblox was the easiest to enter through analysis of Roblox, ZEPETO, Fortnite, Minecraft, and Animal Forest, which are called large metaverse platforms. It is not easy for ordinary artists to enter into a contract with a platform by spending a large amount of money like large entertainment to enter the metaverse, so another approach is needed. Compared to the unprecedented metaverse storm, the technological development is slow and no future business model has been created. At this point, the metaverse platform Roblox and the artist's worldview content convergence are judged to have utility value and potential for development in the pop culture market. Like many maps in Roblox, simple games can induce users to purchase music within the platform, and storytelling can be used to build maps to attract users' interest. The creation of the metaverse platform using the worldview that expresses the creative ability and creativity of each artist is the most suitable path for various artists to enter the changing music market. A small number of popular musicians have acquired wealth in the past, but generally the life of a musician is not prosperous. The purpose of this study is to suggest the possibility of various artists entering the changing metaverse market by recommending the creation of the metaverse platform using the musical worldview
대중음악 작곡가의 사운드 엔지니어링 역량 강화 필요성 연구
[NRF 연계] 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.16 No.2 2022.02 pp.41-56
...music. Therefore, the boundaries of the composer part and the technical part are now started to blur. Furthermore, now, composers without sound engineering skills cannot use electronic sounds and digital sample libraries. It is difficult to accurately convey complex musical intentions or expressions to players and mixing engineers. Additionally, through an in-depth interview with A&Rs, it was found that the sound quality and mixing state of the demo files are very important. In conclusion, the composer's sound engineering ability is an essential element in the market. Currently, the boundary between the musical realm and the technical realm is gradually breaking down, and the scope and concept of composition is expanding. Accordingly, composers need to strengthen their sound engineering competency as a technical basis for expressing their creativity and individuality, and this will allow them to gradually gain a competitive edge in the music market.
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비약적인 디지털 기술의 발전은 음악의 소비 환경 뿐만 아니라 제작 환경에도 큰 영향을 미치고 있으 며, 그로 인해 작곡가에게 요구되는 역량과 역할 또 한 변화하지 않을 수 없게 되었다. 본 연구는 현시대 작곡가가 변화에 적응하고 기술적인 역량을 강화해 야 할 필요 요인을 분석하여 작곡가들의 음악적 경 쟁력을 향상하기 위한 방향을 모색하고, 사운드 엔지 니어링 역량 강화를 통해 작곡가가 얻을 수 있는 이 점에 대해 고찰해보았다. 최근까지 음악이 제작되는 과정에서 작곡가의 영역(음악적 영역)과 엔지니어의 영역(기술적 영역)은 명확히 구분됐으나, DAW와 가 상 악기 및 Plug-in의 등장과 발전으로 작곡가들의 음악 제작환경은 디지털 홈 스튜디오 환경으로 전환 되었고, 이를 통해 손쉽게 작곡가 스스로 자신의 음 악의 기술적 부분에 대해 접근할 수 있게 되었다. 이 에 그치지 않고 사운드 엔지니어링 역량을 갖추지 않은 작곡가는 악보로 표현할 수 없는 전자적인 소 리와 디지털 샘플 라이브러리를 사용하는 작곡 방식 에 제대로 대응할 수 없으며, 날로 복잡해지는 음악 적 의도나 표현을 연주자와 믹싱 엔지니어에게 정확 히 전달하기도 힘들어졌다. 또한, 기획사나 퍼블리셔 의 A&R을 통한 대중음악 시장의 작품 수집 방식이 보편화 된 현재, 현직 A&R과의 심층 인터뷰를 통해 작곡가들을 대상으로 수집하는 데모 파일의 사운드 퀄리티와 믹싱 상태가 매우 중요함을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 대형 기획사의 경우 수집되는 데모 파일의 믹스 상태가 상업 음반에 준하는 수준이었으며, 이는 작곡가의 작품 마케팅 요소로써 사운드 엔지니어링 역량이 필수적인 요소로 자리 잡고 있음을 의미한다. 현재 음악적 영역과 기술적 영역의 경계는 점차 허 물어지고 있으며, 작곡의 범위와 개념은 확대되고 있 다. 이에 따라 현시대 작곡가는 자신의 창의력과 개 성을 표현하기 위한 기술적 기반으로 사운드 엔지니 어링 역량을 강화해야 하며, 이를 통해 점차 음악 시 장에서 경쟁 우위를 확보 할 수 있을 것이다.
With the rapid development of digital technology, the competencies and the roles required of composers have changed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the technical competencies which needs to be reinforced, and to predict the benefits when sound engineering competencies are improved. Until recently, the boundary of a composer’s realm and the boundary of an engineer’s realm were clearly separated. Since the development of the digital technology the composers now have an easy assess to the technical parts of their music. Therefore, the boundaries of the composer part and the technical part are now started to blur. Furthermore, now, composers without sound engineering skills cannot use electronic sounds and digital sample libraries. It is difficult to accurately convey complex musical intentions or expressions to players and mixing engineers. Additionally, through an in-depth interview with A&Rs, it was found that the sound quality and mixing state of the demo files are very important. In conclusion, the composer's sound engineering ability is an essential element in the market. Currently, the boundary between the musical realm and the technical realm is gradually breaking down, and the scope and concept of composition is expanding. Accordingly, composers need to strengthen their sound engineering competency as a technical basis for expressing their creativity and individuality, and this will allow them to gradually gain a competitive edge in the music market.
[NRF 연계] 인문사회21 인문사회21 Vol.12 No.6 2021.12 pp.3439-3450
...popular music and ways to revitalize it. To this end, the literature review method was used to analyze the current status of the Korean pop music industry and new media, the effect of new media on the production of Korean popular music, and ways to revitalize the use of new media in the production of Korean popular music. As a result of the study, it was found that the Korean popular music industry provided various opportunities to non-mainstream genre music producers through playlists reflecting individual tastes due to the expansion of music streaming. Second, the use of new media platforms suggested that Korean musicians could play a positive role in the changing music production environment. Third, for the balanced development of Korean popular music using new media, increase communication channels through various platforms and apply block chain technology, etc. access was found to be necessary. Combining these research results, it was found that a multi-faceted approach using new mere language and environment and strategies for producing Korean popular music are needed.
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본 연구는 뉴미디어가 한국 대중음악의 제작에 미치는 영향 및 활성화 방안을 제안하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 문헌 고찰 방식을 사용하여 한국 대중음악 산업과 뉴미디어의 현황, 뉴미디어가 한국 대중음악 제작에 미치는 영향, 한국 대중음악 제작에 뉴미디어를 활용한 활성화 방안에 대해 분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 한국의 대중음악 산업은 음악스트리밍 확대로 개인의 취향을 반영한 플레이리스트가 비주류 장르 음악 제작자에게도 다양한 기회를 제공한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 뉴미디어의 신규 플랫폼을 활용하면 변화하고 있는 음악 제작 환경에서 한국의 뮤지션들이 발전할 수 있는 순기능을 할 수 있을 것을 시사했다. 셋째, 뉴미디어를 활용한 한국 대중음악의 균형적 발전을 위해서는 다양한 플랫폼으로 소통창구를 늘리고, 블록체인 기술 등을 적용하여 음악 산업의 균형적인 발전과 알고리즘 분석으로 음악 창작자의 홍보방안과 마케팅 전략에 대한 접근이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 종합하면 한국 대중음악 제작을 위해서 뉴미어를 활용한 다각도적인 접근과 이를 위한 환경과 전략이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.
The purpose of this study was to suggest the influence of new media on the production of Korean popular music and ways to revitalize it. To this end, the literature review method was used to analyze the current status of the Korean pop music industry and new media, the effect of new media on the production of Korean popular music, and ways to revitalize the use of new media in the production of Korean popular music. As a result of the study, it was found that the Korean popular music industry provided various opportunities to non-mainstream genre music producers through playlists reflecting individual tastes due to the expansion of music streaming. Second, the use of new media platforms suggested that Korean musicians could play a positive role in the changing music production environment. Third, for the balanced development of Korean popular music using new media, increase communication channels through various platforms and apply block chain technology, etc. access was found to be necessary. Combining these research results, it was found that a multi-faceted approach using new mere language and environment and strategies for producing Korean popular music are needed.
AHP기법을 활용한 대중음악의 이해 교양교과목 모형개발
[NRF 연계] 한국지식정보기술학회 (사)한국지식정보기술학회논문지 Vol.16 No.1 2021.02 pp.231-240
...popular music' is to help them grow into people of the world and culture by activating the sensibility of learners and enabling creative thinking by understanding the artistic value of various popular music works and popular musicians. Plays a role. This study conducted AHP analysis by conducting an expert questionnaire to develop a liberal arts subject model for “Understanding Popular Music” through a survey of popular music-related subjects established by each university and various literature studies. According to the results of the analysis, the importance of the top and top items were derived, and a curriculum model for the 15 weeks of 'Understanding Popular Music' was presented. The proposed model of understanding curriculum of popular music can serve as a standard in the composition of the curriculum for professors in related subjects, and is expected to be helpful in establishing a curriculum for understanding popular music in each university. It is believed that continuous research and development of popular music related subjects will be needed in the future.
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우리가 살고 있는 21세기는 지식기반사회로서 새로운 지식과 정보를 창조하고 전수하는 대학 교육의 역할을 더욱 중요하게 생각한다. 특히 대학의 교양교육은 학생들이 보편적 지식의 습득하고 품성함양 및 전인교육을 학습하여 모범적인 사회구성원으로 성장하는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 대학의 교양교육 중에서 학생이 '대중음악의 이해‘를 학습한다는 것은 여러 대중음악 작품 및 대중음악가들의 예술적 가치를 이해함으로써 학습자의 감수성을 활성화시키고 창의적 사고를 가능케하여 세계인, 문화인으로 성장할 수 있도록 도와주는 역할을 한다. 본 연구는 각 대학교에서 개설하고 있는 대중음악관련 교과목을 조사와 각종 문헌 연구를 통하여 ’대중음악의 이해‘ 교양교과목 모형을 개발을 위한 전문가설문을 실시하여 AHP분석을 하였다. 분석결과에 따라서 상위항목과 항위항목별 중요도를 도출하였으며 ’대중음악의 이해‘ 15주차의 교육과정 모형을 제시하였다. 제시된 대중음악의 이해 교육과정 모형은 관련 교과목 교수자들에게 교과과정 구성에 있어서 기준이 될 수 있으며 각 대학교에서 대중음악의 이해 교과목의 개설에 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다. 향후에도 대중음악관련 교과목에 대한 지속적인 연구와 개발이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.
In the 21st century in which we live, as a knowledge-based society, we consider the role of university education to create and transmit new knowledge and information more importantly. In particular, liberal arts education at universities plays an important role in helping students acquire universal knowledge, cultivate character, and grow into exemplary social members by learning the whole person education. In the liberal arts education of universities, the fact that students learn 'understanding of popular music' is to help them grow into people of the world and culture by activating the sensibility of learners and enabling creative thinking by understanding the artistic value of various popular music works and popular musicians. Plays a role. This study conducted AHP analysis by conducting an expert questionnaire to develop a liberal arts subject model for “Understanding Popular Music” through a survey of popular music-related subjects established by each university and various literature studies. According to the results of the analysis, the importance of the top and top items were derived, and a curriculum model for the 15 weeks of 'Understanding Popular Music' was presented. The proposed model of understanding curriculum of popular music can serve as a standard in the composition of the curriculum for professors in related subjects, and is expected to be helpful in establishing a curriculum for understanding popular music in each university. It is believed that continuous research and development of popular music related subjects will be needed in the future.
[NRF 연계] 경인교육대학교 기전문화연구소 기전문화연구 Vol.41 No.2 2020.12 pp.135-172
...popular culture, the causes and dynamics of the Bupyeong area that played a role as the center of Korean popular music from the 1950s to the early 1970s were examined. As the center of Korean pop music, the conditions for popular culture to blosom in Bupyeong were the consumption, distribution, and production (creative) elements in Bupyeong Ascum City US miltary base, Bupyeong Sinchon, and Bupyeong Samneung, respectively, and economic conditions suported this. I found that it can work actively while giving. Until now, Bupyeong popular music has only focused on the consumption aspect, namely, the existence of the US miltary base club in Bupyeong Ascum City, so it has not ben reached to present the theoretical basis for which Bupyeong was the center of Korean popular music. Through this study, as wel as the US miltary bases in Bupyeong Ascum City, Bupyeong Sinchon and Bupyeong Samneung are the only regions on the Korean peninsula that are fuly equiped with elements of Korean pop music. Theoreticaly confirmed and verified results were achieved. Therefore, it is the outcome of this study to confirm that the use of the thre locations in Bupyeong Ascom City US Miltary Base, Bupyeong Sinchon and Bupyeong Samneung based on the historical and cultural characteristics of Korean popular music should be the basic direction for Bupyeong to become a music city.
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부평지역은 1950년대부터 1970년대 초까지 한국대중음악의 중심지로서역할을 담당했던 원인과 동력을 대중문화 관점에서 살펴보았다. 한국대중음악 중심지로서 부평에는 대중문화가 꽃피울 여건이 부평 애스컴시티 미군기지와 부평 신촌, 부평 삼릉에서 각각 소비, 유통, 생산(창작) 요소들이 아주가까이에 마련되어 있었고, 이를 경제적 여건들이 뒷받침해 주시면서 활발하게 작동할 수 있음을 발견하였다. 지금껏 부평 대중음악은 소비 측면, 곧 부평 애스컴시티 미군기지 클럽 존재에만 강조점을 두었기 때문에 부평이 한국대중음악 중심지이었던 이론적 근거를 제시하는데 까지는 이르지 못했다. 이번 연구를 통해서 부평 애스컴시티 미군기지 뿐만 아니라, 부평 신촌과 부평 삼릉은 한반도에서 유일 무일하게 한국대중음악 중심지로서 요소를 완전하게 갖춘 지역임을 생산, 소비, 유통 대중문화의 기본 범주를 설정해서 이를이론적으로 확인하는 검증하는 성과를 거두었다. 따라서 부평 애스컴시티 미군기지, 부평 신촌, 부평 삼릉 세 군데 장소를 한국대중음악의 역사성과 문화성을 근거해서 활용하는 것이 부평이 음악도시로 나아가는 기본 방향이 되어야 한다는 점을 확인한 것이 이 연구의 성과물이다.
From the perspective of popular culture, the causes and dynamics of the Bupyeong area that played a role as the center of Korean popular music from the 1950s to the early 1970s were examined. As the center of Korean pop music, the conditions for popular culture to blosom in Bupyeong were the consumption, distribution, and production (creative) elements in Bupyeong Ascum City US miltary base, Bupyeong Sinchon, and Bupyeong Samneung, respectively, and economic conditions suported this. I found that it can work actively while giving. Until now, Bupyeong popular music has only focused on the consumption aspect, namely, the existence of the US miltary base club in Bupyeong Ascum City, so it has not ben reached to present the theoretical basis for which Bupyeong was the center of Korean popular music. Through this study, as wel as the US miltary bases in Bupyeong Ascum City, Bupyeong Sinchon and Bupyeong Samneung are the only regions on the Korean peninsula that are fuly equiped with elements of Korean pop music. Theoreticaly confirmed and verified results were achieved. Therefore, it is the outcome of this study to confirm that the use of the thre locations in Bupyeong Ascom City US Miltary Base, Bupyeong Sinchon and Bupyeong Samneung based on the historical and cultural characteristics of Korean popular music should be the basic direction for Bupyeong to become a music city.
[NRF 연계] 경상국립대학교 법학연구소 법학연구 Vol.27 No.4 2019.10 pp.161-188
...musical literary works that protection. it is necessary to examine what the historical background. Because many cases of expanded reproduction of musical works, even modern classical music is because of the debate over the forecast for the future direction of interest. * lecturer, College of Law, Gyeongsang National University?PhD course completion. ** College of Music, Daegu Catholic University. Plagiarism controversy about the musical works to the public interest is hot issue, if this is not a particularly popular singer or free entertainment companies, a major composer in popular music market interest plagiarism fertilization. It is with the objective criteria for the current plagiarism controversy, but if this is similar between the two generally substantially represented asset and determining whether plagiarism, up to and including the case is of course similar to the overall feel. Judgments about musical work insistence that self-plagiarism is an infringement to the judge through 'copyright infringement' or 'claim for damages' to the court. However, the proceedings are also not easy to predict as a result of the issue at stake is whether or not the time to hide plagiarism and judgment. In a final judgment in a position to do vigorous activities for singers and musicians to get put down in a tag called 'Plagiarized work' also wear damage also bring discredit the image of the pharmaceutical activity. So, part of the plagiarism of the musical work is consistent with the more specific it is necessary to establish the criteria for plagiarism, and ultimately, original work of musical works even before the announcement of an author of songs copyrighted work as a thesis plagiarism prevention system development will be needed to prediction the degree.
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본 연구에서는 음악저작물 보호를 언제부터 시작되었는지, 그 역사적 배경이 무엇인지 살펴볼 필요가 있다. 왜냐하면 현대 음악 저작물이라도 고전음악의 확대 재생산하는 경우도 많고 그 동안의 논의를 통해 앞으로의 관심방향도 예측할 수 있기 때문이다. 음악저작물에 대한 표절 논란은 대중음악 시장에서 주요 관심사항으로 특히 인기 있는 가수나 엔터테인먼트회사, 작곡가라면 표절 시비에 자유롭지 못할 만큼 대중들의 관심도 뜨겁다. 현재 표절논란에 대해 객관적인 기준이 있는 것은 아니지만, 일반적으로 두 저작물 간에 실질적으로 표현이 유사한 경우는 물론 전체적인 느낌이 비슷한 경우까지 포함하여 표절여부를 판단하고 있다. 음악 저작물 표절에 대한 판단은 침해를 주장하는 자가 법원에 ‘저작권침해소송’이나 ‘손해배상청구 소송’을 통하여 판단을 하도록 되어 있다. 하지만 소송절차는 표절여부를 가리기 위해서 소요되는 시간과 판단의 문제가 걸려있는 만큼 결과의 예측도 쉽지 않다. 최종 판결이 내려지기까지 왕성한 활동을 해야 할 가수나 연주자의 입장에서는 표절작이라는 꼬리표를 달고 있어서 이미지 실추와 활동의 제약도 가져오는 피해를 입기도 한다. 그래서 음악저작물에 대한 표절에 대한 부분은 좀 더 구체적으로 표절에 대한 기준을 마련하는 것이 필요하며, 궁극적으로는 논문표절예방 시스템처럼 음악저작물도 저작자가 곡을 발표하기 전에 음악저작물의 원저작물과 일치 정도를 가늠할 수 있는 시스템 개발도 필요할 것이다.
This study is starting from when the musical literary works that protection. it is necessary to examine what the historical background. Because many cases of expanded reproduction of musical works, even modern classical music is because of the debate over the forecast for the future direction of interest. * lecturer, College of Law, Gyeongsang National University?PhD course completion. ** College of Music, Daegu Catholic University. Plagiarism controversy about the musical works to the public interest is hot issue, if this is not a particularly popular singer or free entertainment companies, a major composer in popular music market interest plagiarism fertilization. It is with the objective criteria for the current plagiarism controversy, but if this is similar between the two generally substantially represented asset and determining whether plagiarism, up to and including the case is of course similar to the overall feel. Judgments about musical work insistence that self-plagiarism is an infringement to the judge through 'copyright infringement' or 'claim for damages' to the court. However, the proceedings are also not easy to predict as a result of the issue at stake is whether or not the time to hide plagiarism and judgment. In a final judgment in a position to do vigorous activities for singers and musicians to get put down in a tag called 'Plagiarized work' also wear damage also bring discredit the image of the pharmaceutical activity. So, part of the plagiarism of the musical work is consistent with the more specific it is necessary to establish the criteria for plagiarism, and ultimately, original work of musical works even before the announcement of an author of songs copyrighted work as a thesis plagiarism prevention system development will be needed to prediction the degree.
[NRF 연계] 글로벌문화콘텐츠학회 글로벌문화콘텐츠 Vol.36 2018.10 pp.69-83
...music as well as the modes of communication, too. In this perspective, this study has analyzed how the aspects of accepting popular music have been changed after the emergence of social media such as Facebook and YouTube, and as a result, this author has extracted several changes from it. First, in the industry of popular music entirely, we can find real-time culture stressing ‘immediacy’ noticeably. Particularly in Korea, along with the emergence of speedier networks and social media, individuals have tended to participate and exchange more actively, and real-time culture represented by the real-time charts of websites providing sound sources as well as individuals’ online broadcasting is distinctly found. Second, in fact, the aspects of social media recommending music based on big data and also one-off music sharing have altered the criteria of selecting music. As music that is sophisticated and good to be sung grows popular enough though it is not the original, cover music has become excessively popular. As a result, the phenomenon that the original coexists with the copy has become even more obvious than in any other time. Third, we can now see the individualization of popular music as a distinctive phenomenon. As people share, produce, and spread music they like in person on SNSs (Social Network Services) instead of accepting popular music unconditionally, they try to express themselves with music. There is no border between the production and consumption of music. Moreover, the culture of two-way communication is distinctly found nowadays.
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한 시대의 주종을 이루는 미디어는 그 시대의 문화유형에 결정적 영향을 미치고 나아가 음악양식과 소통의 방식을 좌우한다. 이러한 측면에서 본 연구는 페이스북과 유튜브로 대표되는 소셜 미디어의 등장 이후 대중음악을 받아들이는 수용방식에 어떠한 변화가 있었는지 그 양상을 분석해 보았으며 그 결과 몇 가지 변화를 추출할 수 있었다. 첫째, 대중음악산업 전반에 ‘실검성’을 강조한 실시간 문화가 두드러지게 나타났다는 점이다. 특히 한국의 경우 빨라진 네트워크와 소셜 미디어로 인해 개인의 참여와 교류가 더욱 활발해 지면서 음원사이트의 실시간 차트와 개인 인터넷 방송으로 대표되는 실시간 문화가 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 둘째, 일회적인 음악의 공유와 빅데이터에 근거한 소셜 미디어의 음악추천 양상은 음악 선택의 기준을 바꿔놓았다. 세련되고 부르기 좋은 음악이라면 굳이 원곡이 아니더라도 충분히 인기를 누리게 되면서 커버음악이 큰 인기를 끌게 되었고 그 결과 원본과 복제본의 공존현상은 이전 시대에 비해 더욱 강화되었다. 셋째, 대중음악의 개인화 현상이 뚜렷히 나타나고 있음을 알 수 있다. 일방적인 인기음악의 수용이 아니라 자신의 취향에 맞는 음악을 SNS를 통해 직접 공유하고 생산, 확산시킴으로써 음악으로 자신을 표현하고자 하였다. 또한 음악의 생산과 소비의 경계가 사라지고 쌍방향 소통의 문화가 뚜렷하게 나타나고 있음을 알 수 있었다.
Media that have become the mainstream in an era tend to influence the types of culture of that time crucially and also determine the styles of music as well as the modes of communication, too. In this perspective, this study has analyzed how the aspects of accepting popular music have been changed after the emergence of social media such as Facebook and YouTube, and as a result, this author has extracted several changes from it. First, in the industry of popular music entirely, we can find real-time culture stressing ‘immediacy’ noticeably. Particularly in Korea, along with the emergence of speedier networks and social media, individuals have tended to participate and exchange more actively, and real-time culture represented by the real-time charts of websites providing sound sources as well as individuals’ online broadcasting is distinctly found. Second, in fact, the aspects of social media recommending music based on big data and also one-off music sharing have altered the criteria of selecting music. As music that is sophisticated and good to be sung grows popular enough though it is not the original, cover music has become excessively popular. As a result, the phenomenon that the original coexists with the copy has become even more obvious than in any other time. Third, we can now see the individualization of popular music as a distinctive phenomenon. As people share, produce, and spread music they like in person on SNSs (Social Network Services) instead of accepting popular music unconditionally, they try to express themselves with music. There is no border between the production and consumption of music. Moreover, the culture of two-way communication is distinctly found nowadays.
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