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This study intends to study the impact of SNS quality factors of food service industry Culture on perceived value and purchase Intention fromthe perspectives of both consumers and companies in the food service industry Culture, as well as how perceived value factors effect purchase Intention. Data for the survey was collected from general consumers that utilize the SNS of food service companies through questionnaires, and analysis of the data was performed via SPSS and AMOS software. Based on previous studies, the SNS quality factors of food service companies were classified as information quality, system quality, and service quality. The research model was set based on the effect perceived value towards food service companies had on a consumer’s purchase Intention. Results of the study revealed that information quality and service quality had positive effects on perceived value, that systemquality had a positive effect on purchase Intention, and that perceived value had a positive effect on purchase Intention. In other words, it was found that the quality factors of information and service affected behavior intention of consumers through their impact on perceived value, and that systemquality affected behavior intention of consumers directly. The results of this study confirmed the importance of SNS quality factors in the food service companies. It was confirmed that accuracy, diversity, and timeliness of information, as well as the quality of generic and special services provided by food service companies on their SNS was crucial in order to increase perceived value of consumers. Furthermore, it was observed that the quality of data processing systems and management of software were key factors in increasing consumer purchase Intention. It is anticipated that the results of this study will aid in the development of SNS programs and increase the quality of the food service industry Culture.

Objective:The purpose of this study is to suggest the methodology for establishment of safety culture in industry. Background: There have been studies indicating positive relation between safety culture and safety performance. But the areas of those efforts have been mainly focused on elements or factors consisting of safety culture. So it is expected that studies on methodologies for developing process of the culture could contribute for the industry to understand and apply it accordingly in order to improve their practices. Method: In this study, the scope was considered just for industry, even though there are many fields of culture. As the first step, the limitations of regulatory control and efforts by industry were reviewed, and the trends of researches were presented. In the second step, the global company practices were provided with detailed activities. Results: This paper showed the limitations of present state in government strategies and industry for safety culture improvement. Also the restricted areas in researches were shown. As one of the solutions to resolve those things, such global company practices as perception to safety journey, the steps of culture development, total safety philosophy, structure and elements of safety process, standards and procedures, training, and up to keys to success were suggested. Conclusion: Through this study, the development of the structure of safety process which consists of many purposeful activities has been derived to be very important. Because it will be the seeds of safety culture expressing their thinking process and behaviors. Also it is required to approach success step by step according to the achievement of each step. Application: This study can be used to develop the methodology and safety process in industry with different viewpoints for safety culture establishment.

Objective: The aim of this study is to suggest some improvement ideas based on the validity and the reliability analyses of the current safety culture measurement method applied to the Korean nuclear power industry. Background: Wrong safety culture is known as one of the major causes of the disasters such as the space shuttle Columbia disaster or the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident. Assessment of safety culture of an organization is important to build a safer organizational environment as well as to identify the risks hidden in the organization. Method: A face validity of the current safety culture measurement method was analyzed by comparison of the key factors of safety culture in the Korean nuclear power industry with those factors reviewed in the previous studies. The current interview method was analyzed to identify the problems which degrade the consistency of evaluation. Results: Most safety culture factors reviewed in the literatures are covered in the list of the Korean nuclear power industry safety culture factors. However the unstructured questions used in the interview may result in inconsistency of safety culture evaluation among interviewers. Conclusion: This study suggests some examples which might improve the consistency of interviewers' evaluation on safety culture such as a post interview evaluation form. Application: An extended post interview evaluation form might help to increase the accuracy of the interviewing method for Korean nuclear industry safety culture evaluation.

Tea plant(Camellia sinensis) is one of a very few plants containing caffeine, a kind of narcotics, originates from Yunnan in China and was utilized as a medicine at the beginning and then as a drink as well as a food. The tea was introduced to Japan from China. Japanese people well developed tea manufacturing technology to produce unique teas such as Matcha(抹茶) and Sencha(煎茶), resulting in creating a culture, Tea ceremony [Chado or Sado(茶道)].

Background: To elucidate the relationship between safety culture maturity and safety performance of a particular company. Methods: To identify the factors that contribute to a safety culture, a survey questionnaire was created based mainly on the studies of $Fern{\acute{a}}ndez-Mu{\tilde{n}}iz$ et al. The survey was randomly distributed to 1000 employees of two oil companies and realized a rate of valid answer of 51%. Minitab 16 software was used and diverse tests, including the descriptive statistical analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, mean analysis, and correlation, were used for the analysis of data. Ten factors were extracted using the analysis of factor to represent safety culture and safety performance. Results: The results of this study showed that the managers' commitment, training, incentives, communication, and employee involvement are the priority domains on which it is necessary to stress the effort of improvement, where they had all the descriptive average values lower than 3.0 at the level of Company B. Furthermore, the results also showed that the safety culture influences the safety performance of the company. Therefore, Company A with a good safety culture (the descriptive average values more than 4.0), is more successful than Company B in terms of accident rates. Conclusion: The comparison between the two petrochemical plants of the group Sonatrach confirms these results in which Company A, the managers of which are English and Norwegian, distinguishes itself by the maturity of their safety culture has significantly higher evaluations than the company B, who is constituted of Algerian staff, in terms of safety management practices and safety performance.

Organizations play a crucial role in structuring professional environments and shaping employee commitment and performance. While extensive research has explored the relationships between human capital, organizational commitment, and performance, less attention has been given to how these dynamics differ across organizational structures and industries. This study investigates the interplay between organizational forms (Market, Hierarchy, and Community), human capital investment strategies, and commitment types (Affective, Normative, and Continuance) to provide a more nuanced understanding of workforce development in various industries and cultural settings. By categorizing organizations based on trust mechanisms and strategic objectives, this research examines how different organizational structures prioritize specific human capital strategies and how these strategies, in turn, influence employee commitment. Market-based organizations emphasize adaptability and knowledge flexibility, favoring general human capital, whereas hierarchical organizations prioritize firm-specific expertise. Community-based organizations integrate elements of both structures, maintaining a relatively balanced approach to human capital investment. Furthermore, this study highlights the mediating role of commitment between human capital and individual performance. In knowledge-based sectors such as the cultural industry, affective commitment may play a more significant role than other forms of commitment in enhancing employee performance. Understanding these variations provides valuable insights for managers and policymakers seeking to optimize workforce engagement and strategic human resource management. Since this study is conceptual in nature, it does not include empirical data but lays the groundwork for future research. Future empirical research can build on this framework to test these theoretical propositions and examine industry-specific variations in human capital strategies.

This study identifies the unique characteristics of Chinese cultural values of Chinese consumers to serve as a basis for making recommendations for tourism marketing management. The scope of the tourism industry is essentially global; but as international travel and tourism continues to expand, and as corporations continue to spread across national borders, cultural sensitivity and awareness are increasingly important for hotels to remain competitive in the global marketplace. Through a case study, it is a long-term strategy for all countries to strive to attract the numerous Chinese people. There is no doubt that the Chinese tourist market is going to an important export market for Korea over the coming years. It is up to the Korean business community to manage this opportunity in the early stages of its development and grow this partnership between Korea and China. New approaches need to be taken to further boost the inflow of Chinese travelers and induce more of them to revisit the country. It is necessary to develop a variety of high-value-added programs that enable Chinese visitors to experience the essence of Korea’s culture and competitive entrepreneurship. These programs would not only help increase its tourism revenues but also enhance its image.

Purpose: As the interest of financial aria increase in economic change and labor market change, this study focused on the employee of the financial aria in Korea. The purpose of this study is to analyses relation among relationship variable and organizational culture variable and organizational effectiveness of financial aria employees in Korea. Research design, data, and methodology: This study measured relationship variables with communication and trust. And measured organizational culture variable with innovation, relation, hierarchy and rational. And measured organizational effectiveness with job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Empirical analysis is conducted using 442 financial aria employees of 7th HCCP in KRIVET. And SPSS is used in frequency and stepwise regression test and AMOS is used in path analysis with group differentiation test. Conclusions: Overall results show that trust and relation culture give a positive influence on job satisfaction. Organizational commitment results show that relation culture and rational culture give positive influence and also job satisfaction. However, hierarchy culture gives negative influence on organizational commitment. Also, the moderating effect of work characteristics is significant. The result of this study give managerial implication to HRM financial aria and also expend inflected organizational culture study to a financial aria in Korea

Indonesian literature may serve as a source of culture contents in today’s creative economy. Appear in various genres, both traditional and modern Indonesian literatures provide stories with culture content that gives marvelous economic value. The success story of Harry Potter series in UK is the perfect example. The richness of the story and the creativity of Indonesian people are possibly dug up deeper and developed in the creative industry. In accordance to this particular matter, academicians in linguistics and literature major need to be given some kind of stimuli by the government. The enormous number of traditional tribes in Indonesia makes it rich with its culture and literature. Indonesia built priceless historical sites such as Borobudur Temple. It shows that it is one of the nations with fine culture. It has rich and unique civilization and cultural heritage. It is the source for interesting folktale, which in turn, plays role as a means of propagating various cultural traditions. Indonesia is highly potential in its culture contents because of its enormous number of story and people’s creativity. It has interesting stories across the archipelago and also some iconic figures such as Pramoedya Ananta Toer and others. This condition opens the door for deeper exploration and development in creative industry. To make it happen, the role of the government is more than needed because they have the power to guide and integrate those potentials.

A Study on the Extraction of New Creative Leadership Factors of Chinese Culture and Art Industry Managersin the Era of the 4th Industrial RevolutionWu Liyao & Mira Yoon Abstract: The purpose of this study is to present a new creative leadership model by extracting the creative leadership components of managers in the culture and arts management industry, which is emerging as a promising industry in the era of the fourth industrial revolution. This study extracted the creative leadership factors of managers in the culture and arts industry by adopting literature analysis methods and expert surveys. This study analyzed that creative leadership characteristics included 5G-related information, aesthetic judgment, analytical thinking, cultural life experience, strategic thinking, etc. The research results of priority criteria were derived in the order of creative characteristics, management characteristics, and 5G-related. This study suggested the creative leadership factors of Chinese culture and arts industry managers, and the culture and arts management leadership standards will serve as a theoretical backing for nurturing and selecting relevant talents in the future. Key Words: Creative Leadership, Culture and Arts Industries, the Fourth Industrial Revolution, 5G, AHP

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This paper investigates the significance of investor protection to Hooi’s (2007) banking disclosure-culture model. Seventeen developed and developing countries with a representative sample of 37 listed domestic commercial banks were examined in 2004. A significant finding for national culture is that individualism not uncertainty avoidance has been found as the primary cultural dimension for banking disclosures. Investor protection is found to improve the banking disclosure-culture model in terms of common law and anti-director rights.

Purpose: The objective of this research is to evaluate the influence of emotional intelligence and transformational leadership on organizational culture and employee performance. Design/methodology/approach: Data was gathered from a total of 291 employees currently employed at banks in Vietnam via the use of Google Forms. Using PLS-SEM, or partial least squares structural equation modeling, to analyze the data. Findings: The findings revealed that emotional intelligence had a beneficial effect on organizational culture. Besides, the results demonstrated that transformational leadership also had a positive impact on organizational culture. The findings also revealed that organizational culture had a beneficial effect on employee performance. Research limitations/implications: These findings have significant implications for banking managers seeking to enhance employee performance. Originality/value: This important research contributes to improving our comprehension of the impact that emotional intelligence and transformational leadership exert on organizational culture and employee performance.

The aims of this study recognize the limitations of the domestic chocolate market compared to domestic and foreign chocolate market and investigate the strategies for activation of the domestic chocolate culture and development of new chocolate market throughout pointing out the various problems. We analyzed the trends for the food market and confectionery market, main market for chocolate, and also compared domestic and foreign cases for market of chocolate as food or non-food. We sought for solutions and implications for diversification of domestic chocolate market through prospects for the future. Domestic chocolate market is not enough to be competitive compared with overseas market, yet. However, we speculated that domestic chocolate market would gradually develop through fusion with herbal bio-industry as rapid economic development. Besides, we demonstrated a few ways which derive larger development through combination of chocolate market and herbal bio-industry. For these sakes, we suggest that at first, if paradigm which is considered oriental medicinal characters and back innovative and differentiated ideas should be present, the activation of markets of chocolate and herbal bio-industry as well as the diversities of market may be obtained.

This study aims to investigate the moderating impact of national culture on the relationship between gender diversity in a board and firm performance in the hospitality industry, given the influence of national culture on organization members’ behaviors and interactions. A random effects model was employed, using 1,482 observations from hospitality firms across 34 countries. This study found that a positive effect of gender diversity on firm performance in the hospitality industry was significantly amplified in cultures with high levels of individualism and uncertainty avoidance, while power distance and masculinity cultures insignificantly moderated the relationship. This study contributes to the hospitality literature and corporate governance literature as well by demonstrating that national culture is a crucial contextual factor when examining the financial implications of gender diversity in a board. And, this study provides practical guidance for hospitality firms’ managements and potential investors in terms of the role of national culture when implementing board composition.

본고는 중국의 차 문화 산업이 커피 문화 산업의 급속한 발전과 충격에 직면하여 차문화산업이 위축되어 가는 상황에서 중국 차 문화 산업의 발전을 보호하고 촉진하기 위한 대응 및 개발 계획을 제안하는 것이다. 본 연구의 대상은 주로 일본 차 문화 산업의 동향과 중국의 차 문화 산업, 커피 문화 산업, 이 둘의 비교 분석을 통해 중국 차 문화 산업이 직면한 도전과 문제를 논의하고 해당 솔루션을 제안한 것이다. 본고의 연구 목표는 중국 차 문화 산업의 발전을 보호하고 촉진하기 위해 실행 가능하고 표적화된 대응 방안 및 발전 계획을 제시하였다.

This paper proposes a response and development plan to protect and promote the development of the Chinese tea culture industry at a time when the tea culture industry is shrinking in the face of the rapid development and shock of the coffee culture industry. This study mainly discussed the challenges and problems faced by the Chinese tea culture industry and proposed solutions through comparative analysis of the trends of the Japanese tea culture industry and China's tea culture industry and coffee culture industry. In order to protect and promote the development of the Chinese tea culture industry, the research goal of this paper presents viable and targeted countermeasures and development plans.

进入21世纪,各国对文化产业发展都非常重视。文化产业不仅在国民经济和社会发展中占据重要地位，而且成为经济发展的新动力。韩国的文化产业发展历程并不长，经过短短的十几年时间，取得了世人瞩目的成就，成为文化产业大国。究其原因，不难看出韩国文化产业受到了从政府到民间的高度重视。政府根据不同的时期，推出一系列适合本国实际情况的文化产业政策和计划，国民们朝着政府所指引的方向齐心协力，创造了新的“汉江奇迹”。中国的文化产业与韩国相比，尚处于起步阶段，韩国的经验值得我们研究和借鉴。中韩两国的文化市场具有各自的特点，有着广阔的合作和发展空间。 本文通过研究韩国文化产业发展背景、政府在文化产业中所起的决定性作用、韩国文化产业发展的特点及存在的问题，展望了中韩两国文化产业合作的前景。

Since 21stcentury, culture industry development has been attached with great importance in every country. Culture industry has already become an important partin the national economy and societydevelopment, and a new power for boosting the economy. In Korea, culture industry is new and has achieved impressive resultsrapidly because it has been considerably valued by the government and it speople. The government has launched a series of culture industry policies and schemes on the basis of domestic situation at different time. Directed by the government, the Koreans have worked together to create a new Miracle of the Han River. The culture industry in China is at its initial stage compared that in Korea. It is worthy for us to study Korean experience. The culture industry market in China is different from Korea, but there is much space for cooperation and development. This article aims to look into the background of Korean culture industry development, the role of government in culture industry, and the features and problems of Korean culture industry development, discussing the future of culture industry cooperation between China and Korea.

본 연구는 중국 문화콘텐츠 산업의 구조 변화에 따른 기회와 위협을 확인하고, 해외시장 진입 유형, 현지화 및 시장지향성, 디지털 미디어 환경 도래에 따른 콘텐츠비즈니스 모델 혁신이라는 세 가지 관점에서 한국의 대응전략을 모색하였다. 중국의산업 구조변화는 시장화, 세계화, 융합화, 금융화 등 네 가지 방향으로 이루어지고있으며, 이는 한국 문화콘텐츠의 현지 시장 경쟁력 약화, 세계 시장에서의 입지약화, 중국시장 수익구조 악화, 한국 문화콘텐츠 산업의 중국자본 종속이라는 결과를 초래할 수 있어 시급한 대응이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 중국 기업과의 전략적 제휴 강화를 통한 협력형 시장 진입, 현지화와 시장 지향성의 강화, 연관 산업에서 수익원을 확보하기 위한 새로운 비즈니스모델의 필요성을 확인하였다. 그에 따라 본 연구는, 콘텐츠 기획개발의 현지화, 중국이 구축하고 있는 글로벌 네트워크 참여, 사업구조 고도화를 위한 연관 산업 동반진출, 현지 기업들과의 공동사업, 한국 금융자본의 중국 문화금융 시스템 참여 등을대응전략으로 도출하였고, 정책 방안으로는 정부 간 공동제작 협정 추진, 한중 공동제작 투자펀드 활성화, 콘텐츠 기획 개발 현지화 지원, 콘텐츠와 연관 산업의 해외동반진출 전담조직 신설을 제시하였다.

This study is to suggest the strategy for Korean culture contents industry considering opportunity and treat from the structural change of Chinese culture industry. To develop the strategy, the discussion has centered on foreign market entry mode, localization and business model innovation in digital media environment. The directions of recent change of Chinese culture industry can be summarized as; i) introduction of market system with fair competition, ii) establishment of global network, iii) convergence with other industry for transition from ‘made in China’ into ‘created in China’, and iv) introduction of financing system for culture industry. This could be serious threat on Korean culture content industry, in that, it could weaken the local market competitiveness, profit structure in Chinese market, and the positioning of Korean culture contents in global market. It also could cause the subordination of Korean culture contents industry to abundant Chinese capital flowing into culture industry. The Korean culture contents industry should respond to this structural change, by shifting the market entry mode into ‘cooperative mode’ with strategic alliance with various players in China, which will also improve the localization of content and market-orientation of local operation. Also, the business model innovation by securing the variety of revenue streams from other industry value chains is needed. The government should support this strategic change, helping i) localization of content development, ii) participation in global network of Chinese culture industry, iii)collaboration with Chinese companies in culture industry , and iv) participation in financing system of Chinese culture industry.

The purpose of this study is to enhance cultural value of culture industry cluster. Place marketing can be used as a method to invigorate the cluster's cultural value. On the basis of the premise that place marketing is a kind of communication, 5 strategy steps of place marketing are suggested and Bucheon Culture Industry Promotion District is analyzed according to these steps. Futhermore, 5 experiential marketing methods are elicited for effective place marketing. These strategy steps and methods will contribute to cultural value of culture industry cluster beyond just industrial and economical functions.