Earticle

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the yoga experience on activity of antioxidant enzyme and cardiorespiratory function. In this study, 9 female yoga expert(above 3 years) and 8 female inexpert(below 1 month) were employed. During Vinyasa Flow Yoga program, HR was measured by Polar system(Polar electro Oy, Finland) and VO2max, Kcal and MET by K4b2(Cosmed, Italy), and SOD(superoxide dismutase), MDA(malondaildehyde) by ELISA Kit using blood sample. Blood samples were taken at rest, immediately after exercise, and after recovery period of 30 min. Independent t-test and ANOVA with repeated measure were performed to determine differences between group and within group. When a significant main effect was found, post hoc analysis by t-teat was used to isolate the difference. A significant level was considered as p<.05. The results of this study were as follow; The change of VO2max, Kcal, MET between groups in yoga experience showed the significant(p<.05) increase during yoga exercise. But, HR was no significant difference between groups. Serum SOD and MDA level were no significant difference within groups. MDA level at rest was significant difference between groups(p<.05). But, MDA level immediately after the exercise, and after a recovery period of 30 min was no significant between groups. In conclusion, Yoga meet recommendations for levels of physical activity for improving or maintaining health or cardiovascular fitness as recommended by ACSM.

In this study, 12 weeks stretching program for flexibility boost was given to students major in golf. We tried to see how effective it is to do widely used static and ballistic stretching 3 times a week. We also wanted to discover indirectly whether flexibility boost affects flying distance in golf. Through 3 months stretching training, we has got these findings. Research shows that 12 weeks stretching program increases sit-and-reach, trunk flexion, and back scratch of both man and woman more effectively than before the training. However, non-exercise group who didn’t participate in the program didn’t make significant difference in most factors except for woman some items. In addition, stretching program have turned out to give greatly significant increase to all man and woman but man driver. But Flying distance of the non-exercise group who didn’t join the program didn’t make statistically significant results. In conclusion, while the exercise group performing static and ballistic stretching got a very good effect, the non-exercise group got a significant result only for woman’s sit-and-reach and trunk flexion. Also, for flying distance, the non-exercise group didn’t make any difference, whereas the exercise group made every item but man driver (number 1) greatly increased, which showed a positive effect. Therefore, it is determined that regular and long-termed flexibility exercise program helps many golfers have a positive effect.

The purpose of this study was to determined the effect of endurance treadmill running exercise on expression of AMPK and MAPK in aging rat muscle. Total 32 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups by age; young group(YG; 12wk; n=16) or aging group(AG; 80wk; n=16). Each experimental group was further allocated two subgroups; Exercise(EX; n=8), Control(CON; n=8) group. All animals in exercise group performed one bout of endurance runing exercise (12m/min for 60min). The expression of phospho-AMPK by endurance exercise was significantly increased in the YG & AG. The ERK 1/2(p<.001) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)(p<.05) phosphorylation by bout endurance exercise significantly incresed in YG but decreased in AG. These results suggested that aging was significantly decreased the expression of MAP Kinase by acute endurance treadmill exercise. In conclusion the acute endurance exercise is effective in YG than AG.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of occupational therapy with collage on the visual perception and hand function for the children with mild mental retardation(MR). This study was held at P Developmental Center using 20 children with mild MR who received treatment for 12weeks. The two groups were divided into the group that participated in both the collage program and occupational therapy(2times per week, 1day collage, 1day occupational therapy) and the group that only received occupational therapy(2times per week, both times occupational therapy) 10 participants were randomly assigned to the two groups, The results showed that the study group increased in both visual perception and hand function(p<.05), while the control group only showed slight increases in hand function (p<.05). In conclusion, this study indicates that occupational therapy using a collage program increased the abilities of visual perception and hand function for children with mild MR.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of three different types of flooring material Taekwondo studio on the balancing ability of Taekwondo players. In order to serve this purpose, the participation group consisted of 27 adult Taekwondo player students from H University in Gangwon-Do. Then, participations were sampled by using random sampling. Measurement tools used were the Tetrax Interactive Balance System to determine balance. Technical statistics, the change in balance according to flooring material, ANOVA was used. Scheffe was used to determine the similarities in the three different type of flooring material. Results showed that under the soft flooring material more decrease balance ability, and fourier harmony index(FHI) decrease. Hard flooring material group and firm flooring material group improve FHI, but weight distribution index(WDI) were no significant between two group. Overall, it can be concluded that if protect injury and postural stability, we need to consider to select d select a firm flooring material of Taekwondo players.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise duration of rural health center on postmenopausal obesity women. The subjects for study were 9 post menopausal women within 3 years. They performed 12 week exercise program including yoga, walking and muscle training(5 days per week). And during 12 week, the body composition(weight, %fat, muscle weight), physical fitness (cadiovascular fitness, muscle power, muscle endurance and flexibility) and bone density(lumbar and thigh) data were collected for 8week, 10week and 12week. Statistical techniques for data analysis were repeated one way ANOVA to determine among 3 exercise program. The 5% level of significance difference was utilized as a critical level. The following results were obtained fron this study. 1. The change of weight and %fat were significantly decreased and muscle weight was increased in 12 week. But it showed no difference in body composition between 8 and 10 week. 2.The change of physical fitness including cardiovascular fitness, muscle power, muscle endurance and flexibility were significantly increased in 12 week. Especially it showed no difference in muscle power between 8 and 10 week and in muscle endurance between 10 and 12 week. 3. The changes of bone density were significantly increased. But bone density in lumbar and thigh area was increased in 12 week. But it showed no difference in bone density between 8 and 10 week.

The purpose of this study was investigate effects of caffeine intake with aerobic exercise on body composition and triglyceride, LDL-C for obese female. The subjects were divided into caffeine intake and aerobic exercise group(n=10) & aerobic exercise group(n=10) for 10 weeks. The changes of body composition, triglyceride, LDL-C have been measured before and after 10 weeks. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The body weight and %Body fat were significantly decreased within both in caffeine group(caffeine intake and aerobic exercise group) and control group(aerobic exercise group) after 10 weeks. But there were no significantly difference between two groups. 2. The triglyceride was no significantly difference within both in caffeine group(caffeine intake and aerobic exercise group) and control group(aerobic exercise group) after 10 weeks. And there was no significantly different between two groups. 3. The LDL-Cholesterol was significantly decreased within in caffeine group(caffeine intake and aerobic exercise group) but control group(aerobic exercise group) was no significantly different within in after 10 weeks. And there were significantly difference between two groups.

The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of low-intense combined exercise on body composition, serum lipids, Leptin and hormone in post-menopausal obese middle-aged women. The study was conducted for 16 weeks and the values were monitored before and after the combined exercise program to provide scientific data for development of effective exercise prescription for obesity treatment. Produced results are processed by SPSS 15 for Windows to calculate average and standard deviation, repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to measure the change in experimental group and control group during the exercise period, and (p<.05) standard was used to verify later. By analyzing results, doing low-intense and combined exercise program at least 5 days a week, more than 1 hour per day is recommended to effectively increase abdominal strength, balance and to decrease weight, waist, TC, the level of Leptin, and Insulin (p<.05, p<.001). For post-menopausal middle-aged women, additional analysis through long-term exercise is required.