The whole berry, pulp, and seed of sea buckthorn fruit were extracted with supercritical CO2 to produce edible oils. The effects of extraction pressure, temperature, and CO2 flow rate on the oil yield and extraction rate were investigated, and the fatty acid composition, tocopherol, and carotenoid contents of the oils were compared. The results showed that the extraction rate was affected by pressure, temperature, and CO2 flow rate and, in general, the yield increased with a rise in any of the 3 variables. Fatty acids in the whole berry and pulp oil were dominated by monounsaturated fatty acids (>64%), followed by saturated fatty acids (about 30%). In contrast, fatty acids in the seed oil consisted mainly of polyunsaturated (>60%) and monounsaturated fatty acids (>24%). The seed oil had a slightly higher content of tocopherols, but a much lower content of carotenoids, compared with the whole berry or pulp oil.
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Abstract Introduction Materials and Methods Materials Chemicals Supercritical Co₂extraction apparatus and procedure Analysis of fatty acid methyl esters(FAME) Analysis of tocopherols Assay of carotenolds Results and Discussion Effect fo SC-CO₂extraction parameters on the yield of sea buckthorn oils SC-CO₂ of sea buckthorn oil from whole berry, pulp, and seed Fatty acid composition of sea buckthorn oils extracted by SC-CO₂and n-bexane Content of tocopherols and carotenoids in sea buckthorn oils extracted by SC-CO₂and n-hexane References