This paper examines the expressions and functions of the future tense in Hungarian from a typological perspective, comparing the findings with Japanese and Korean. In Hungarian, the future tense is primarily expressed through the following three methods. •Non-past form : The future tense is realized by employing the non-past form (marked by a zero-morpheme, ∅) in conjunction with temporal adverbs or temporal nouns. •Syntactic construction : Future time reference is denoted through a periphrastic construction that combines the auxiliary verb fog with the infinitive form (-ni) of the verb. •Past tense form : The past tense form is utilized to convey the speaker’s psychological attitudes, such as recollection/reminiscence, desperation, intimidation, or imminent events. A comparative analysis of these strategies alongside Korean and Japanese yields the following summary points:Unlike English and Hungarian, which utilize auxiliary verbs to express the future tense, Japanese and Korean do not rely on such syntactic mechanisms. On the other hand, Korean is characterized by the presence of a dedicated morphological marker—namely, the prefinal ending ‘-겠-’ to denote futurity, a feature absent in both Hungarian and Japanese. Although Hungarian and Japanese lack a distinct future tense inflection, both languages can project future reference through temporal adverbs or contextual cues. Nonetheless, all three languages share the capacity to employ the past tense form to express future situations. This phenomenon interacts closely with modality, serving to encode the speaker’s psychological attitudes.
한국일본언어문화학회 [Japanese Language & Culture Association of Korea]
설립연도
2001
분야
인문학>일본어와문학
소개
본 학회는 일본어학 및 일본문학은 물론, 일본의 정치, 경제, 문화, 사회 등의 일본학 전반에 걸친 연구 및 일본의 언어, 문화를 매체로 한 한국과의 비교 연구를 대상으로 하고 있다. 본 학회는 회원들에게 연구 발표 및 정보 교환의 기회를 부여하고 나아가 한국에서의 바람직한 일본 연구 자세를 확립하는 것을 주된 목표로 하고 있다.