COVID-19 팬데믹 전후 한국 성인에서 만성폐쇄성폐질환 유병률 변화 : 국민건강영양조사 기반 단면연구
Changes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Prevalence Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea : A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
The study aimed to investigate changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence and respiratory function before and after the COVID-19 pandemic among Korean adults aged ≥40 years using nationally representative data. This nationwide cross-sectional study analyzed data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2019 and 2024. After excluding participants with missing respiratory function data, physician-diagnosed asthma, and missing covariates, a total of 9,045 participants were included in the final analysis. COPD was defined as a forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio <0.70. Sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, metabolic health variables, and respiratory function indicators were compared between the pre- and post-COVID-19 periods. Complex sample logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between the post-COVID-19 period and COPD prevalence. COPD prevalence significantly decreased from 11.9% in 2019 to 8.1% in 2024 (p<.001). FEV1/FVC significantly increased after the pandemic period (p<.001), whereas FVC, FEV1, and peak expiratory flow showed no significant differences. Resistance exercise participation significantly increased (p<.001), while obesity prevalence also increased (p=.017). In the fully adjusted model, the post-COVID-19 period remained significantly associated with lower odds of COPD (OR=0.622, 95% CI=0.443–0.872, p=.006). These findings suggest that COPD prevalence among Korean adults decreased after the COVID-19 pandemic despite worsening metabolic health indicators such as obesity and diabetes. The observed reduction in COPD may reflect complex effects of reduced respiratory infection exposure and lifestyle changes during the pandemic period.
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Abstract Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅱ. 연구방법 1. 연구대상자 및 자료원 2. 연구변수 3. 통계분석 Ⅲ. 결과 1. 연구대상자의 사회인구학적 특성 2. 연구대상자의 건강 관련 특성 3. COVID-19 전후 만성폐쇄성폐질환 유병률 및 폐기능 지표 4. COVID-19 전후 만성폐쇄성폐질환 유병률 변화의 연관성 Ⅳ. 고찰 Ⅴ. 결론 인용문헌