Earticle

초록

영어

This article offers a structural interpretation of Jongdal (宗達)’s practice world within the context of modern and contemporary Korean Buddhism and proposes the methodological tasks required for its further study. Jongdal was ordained before Korea’s liberation in the Myōshinji lineage of Japanese Rinzai Zen and inherited its dharma lineage. After liberation, however, he could not simply continue that practice tradition within the same institutional framework. Instead, he reorganized a field of practice within the lay conditions of Korean society, centering on Seondohoe (禪道會), and extended Seon practice discourse into a wider Buddhist public sphere through media and publishing activities such as Daehan Bulgyo (大韓佛敎), Beopsi (法施), and Seonmunhwa (禪文化). This study examines Jongdal’s practice world through five interrelated dimensions: the practice subject, practice questioning, community, lifeworld, and public sphere. It argues that Jongdal’s practice world should not be understood merely as an extension of monastic Seon or as a general form of lay religious practice. Rather, it can be seen as a process in which monastic training, dharma-lineage consciousness, and gong’an practice were reconfigured within post-liberation lay life. In this process, gong’an inquiry, the formation and deepening of uijeong (疑情), verification through ipsil jeomgeom (入室點檢), communal continuity, everyday practice, and media-based discourse were not separate elements but mutually related aspects of a single practice structure. The article further clarifies several methodological tasks required for future studies of Jongdal. These include the complex conceptualization of the practice subject beyond a simple monastic–lay binary, the refinement of practice language into analytical concepts, the design of a comparative theory of practice, the stratification of modes of everyday cultivation, the deepening of research on Buddhist media and the public sphere, and the construction of a stable documentary basis for cumulative research. These tasks are necessary because Jongdal’s practice world cannot be sufficiently explained through biographical description, doctrinal interpretation, or a simple reconstruction of organizational history alone. In particular, this article proposes that Jongdal’s lay Seon should be understood not merely as the fact that laypeople practiced Seon, nor as a designation based on personal status. Rather, it should be treated as an analytical concept that explains how monastic experience, gong’an inquiry, communal discipline, lifeworld practice, and media activity were combined under lay conditions. In this sense, Jongdal’s case shows how traditional Seon practice was inherited, reorganized, and socially extended within the changing conditions of modern Korean Buddhism. By presenting Jongdal’s practice world as a structural nexus of practice subject, practice questioning, community, lifeworld, and public sphere, this article seeks to provide a methodological basis for expanding the study of modern Korean Buddhist practice history and lay Buddhism.

한국어

본고의 목적은 근현대 한국불교의 맥락에서 종달(宗達)의 수행세계를 구조적으로 분석하고, 그 해석이 요청하는 방법론적 과제를 제시하는 데 있다. 종달은 해방 이전 일본 임제종 묘심사파 경성별원에서 출가하여 법맥을 계승하였고, 해방 이후에는 한국 사회의 재가 조건 속에서 선도회(禪道會)를 중심으로 수행의 장을 재조직하였다. 또한 『대한불교(大韓佛敎)』, 『법시(法施)』, 『선문화(禪文化)』 등의 언론·출판 활동을 통해 수행 담론을 공론장으로 확산하였다. 본고는 종달의 수행세계를 수행 주체, 수행 질문, 공동체, 생활세계, 공론장이라는 다섯 차원에서 분석하였다. 이를 통해 종달의 수행세계가 출가수행의 경험을 재가의 생활 조건 속에서 재구성하고, 공동체적 실천과 생활수행의 언어, 매체를 통한 담론 유통 속에서 지속·확산된 과정임을 밝혔다. 특히 그의 실천은 공안을 통한 의정의 형성, 참구의 심화, 입실점검에 의한 검증, 다음 공안으로의 이행이라는 연속적 수행 구조를 보여준다. 나아가 이러한 해석이 수행 주체의 복합적 개념화, 수행 언어의 정련, 비교 수행론의 설계, 생활수행 양태의 층위화, 공론장 연구의 심화라는 방법론적 과제를 요청함을 밝혔다. 마지막으로 종달의 수행세계를 재가선 일반 가운데서도 출가수행의 경험, 공안 참구, 공동체적 지속, 일상적 실천, 매체 활동이 결합된 특수한 수행 유형으로 파악하고, 재가선 개념으로 이해할 때 제기되는 주요 논점을 정리하였다.

목차

한글요약
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 수행세계의 형성 조건
Ⅲ. 수행세계의 해석틀과 방법론적 과제
Ⅳ. 수행세계의 해석상 논점
Ⅴ. 결론
참고문헌
Abstract

키워드

저자

• 이상호 [ Lee, Sang-ho | 서강대학교 종교연구소 연구원 ]

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  대각사상 [Journal of Maha Bodhi Thought]

• 간기

  반년간

• pISSN

  1229-1080

• 수록기간

  1998~2026

• 등재여부

  KCI 등재

• 십진분류

  KDC 220 DDC 294