Earticle

초록

영어

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of virtual reality–based biofeedback training on pain and knee function under different support surface conditions in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), and to compare the magnitude of training effects between unstable and stable support surfaces. Methods: Thirty patients diagnosed with PFPS were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 15) or a control group (n = 15). Both groups received conventional physical therapy in addition to virtual reality–based biofeedback training conducted three times per week for four weeks. The experimental group performed the training on an unstable support surface, whereas the control group trained on a stable support surface. Pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and knee function was evaluated using the Korean version of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (K-WOMAC). Within-group changes were analyzed using the paired t-test, and between-group differences were examined using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with baseline values as covariates. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in VAS and K-WOMAC scores after the intervention (p < 0.01). However, the between-group differences did not reach statistical significance after adjustment for baseline values (VAS: adjusted mean difference = −1.17, 95 % CI: −2.20 to −0.14, p = 0.027; K-WOMAC: adjusted mean difference = −3.68, 95 % CI: −7.25 to −0.10, p = 0.044). Upon application of Bonferroni correction (adjusted α = 0.025), neither comparison reached statistical significance. Conclusion: Virtual reality–based biofeedback training was effective in reducing pain and improving knee function in patients with PFPS. Although no statistically significant between-group differences were identified, the experimental group demonstrated greater improvements in both outcome measures when trained on an unstable support surface. These findings suggest that incorporating unstable surfaces into VR-based biofeedback training may provide additional therapeutic benefits; however, further well-powered studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these effects.

목차

Abstract
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 연구 방법
1. 연구 대상
2. 연구 설계
3. 측정 방법
4. 실험절차
5. 자료 분석
Ⅲ. 연구 결과
1. 집단 내 중재에 따른 전⋅후 비교
2. 집단 간 중재에 따른 전⋅후 비교
Ⅳ. 고찰
Ⅴ. 결론
참고문헌

키워드

저자

• HyeongSeok Lee [ 이형석 | Dept. of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Sehan University ]
• DaeJung Yang [ 양대중 | Dept. of Physical Therapy, Sehan University, Professor ] Corresponding Author

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  정형스포츠물리치료학회지 [Archives of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy]

• 간기

  반년간

• pISSN

  1738-5946

• 수록기간

  2005~2026

• 등재여부

  KCI 등재

• 십진분류

  KDC 517 DDC 613