This study proposes a vehicle positioning system that integrates RTK-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), and wheel-tick data obtained from the vehicle’s On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) to overcome the frequent GNSS signal outages and multipath effects that occur in urban, underground, and tunnel environments. To ensure stable positioning even under unstable RTK signal conditions, an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) was applied. Experimental results show that the proposed system improves positioning accuracy by approximately 5 meters in open-sky environments using RTK. Under Dead Reckoning (DR) conditions, integrating OBD-based wheel-tick data with the IMU reduced the position error by up to 30 meters compared to using the IMU alone. Furthermore, in tunnel-driving experiments, the system maintained a position error within 3.5 meters even when GNSS signals were completely lost. The proposed method demonstrates practical applicability in various domains requiring high-precision positioning, such as autonomous driving, high-definition map construction, and real-time vehicle monitoring.
목차
Abstract 1. Introduction 2. Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) Positioning Method 3. Dead Reckoning–based Position Estimation 4. OBD-based Wheel-Tick Position Correction 5. Experiments and Discussion 6. Conclusion References