The development of highly sensitive and selective biosensors is essential for applications ranging from medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring to food safety and biosecurity. In this paper, a silicon-based dielectric diffraction grating of molar shape composed of symmetrical and asymmetrical gratings is proposed for designing a high-efficiency optical biosensor. The reflection characteristics are analyzed using a rigorous Eigenvalue Problem of Modal Transmission-Line Theory (EP-MTLT) in the visible wavelength region. The effects of grating period, thickness of the homogeneous reflecting layer, and grating thickness on the reflectance spectra are investigated to optimize the structure. Simulation results show strong guided-mode resonance (GMR) characteristics with narrow linewidths and high sensitivity to the surrounding refractive index. The optimized design demonstrates a linear wavelength shift in response to refractive index variation, achieving sensitivities on the order of tens of nm/RIU, which is suitable for label-free biosensing applications. This study provides theoretical guidance for the design of compact, highly sensitive dielectric biosensors based on double-layered molar-shaped gratings.
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Abstract 1. Introduction 2. Simulation Method and Theoretical Model 3. Optimization Results and Sensitivity Analysis 4. Conclusion Acknowledgement References