This study investigates how EFL undergraduates distribute their writing-related questions between ChatGPT and their instructor by highlighting the distinct yet complementary roles of each. Seventeen first-year students majoring in English education in Korea participated in a 15-week composition course where they produced drafts, asked questions to both sources, and reflected through journals and interviews. Analysis of these data revealed that students consulted ChatGPT primarily for translation support, vocabulary alternatives, sentence flow, and idea generation, while directing questions about nuance, cultural appropriateness, depth, and evaluation to their instructor. Decisions were shaped not only by convenience and access but also by metacognitive awareness of ChatGPT’s limitations and concerns about authorship. Students described using AI as a resource for exploration while ultimately relying on the instructor as the authoritative guide for academic expectations and readability. These findings underscore questioning as a central feedback-seeking practice and suggest that writing instruction can benefit from positioning ChatGPT and teacher feedback as complementary, rather than competing, supports.
한국어
본 연구는 영어를 외국어로 학습하는 (EFL) 대학생들이 글쓰기 과정에서 생기는 질문을 담당 교강사와 ChatGPT 에게 어떻게 나누어 묻는지 살펴보고 각각 맡은 역할이 어떻게 다르면서 서로 보완되는지 논의한다. 한국에서 영어교육을 전공하는 1 학년 학생 17 명이 15 주간의 작문 수업에 참여하여 초고를 작성하고, 두 대상(ChatGPT 와 교강사) 모두에게 질문을 했으며, 학습 일지와 인터뷰를 통해 성찰했다. 수집된 자료를 분석한 결과, 학생들은 주로 번역 지원, 어휘 대안, 문장 흐름, 아이디어 생성과 관련해서는 ChatGPT 를 활용한 반면, 뉘앙스, 문화적 적절성, 내용의 깊이, 평가와 관련된 질문은 교강사에게 더 많이 제기하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 선택은 편의성과 접근성 뿐 아니라 ChatGPT 의 한계에 대한 메타인지적 인식과 저자성에 대한 우려에 의해 좌우되었다. 학생들은 AI 를 탐색을 위한 자원으로 활용하면서도, 학문적 기대와 가독성에 대한 권위 있는 안내자로서 최종적으로는 교강사에게 의존한다고 설명했다. 본 연구 결과는 질문하기가 피드백을 구하는 핵심 실천임을 강조하며, 글쓰기 교육에서 ChatGPT 와 교사 피드백을 경쟁적 지원이 아니라 상호보완적 지원으로 위치시키는 접근이 유익할 수 있음을 시사한다.
목차
Abstract 요약 Introduction Literature Review Feedback and the Turn to AI Support Affordances and Challenges of ChatGPT Feedback Navigating Human and AI Feedback Methods Participants and Settings Data Collection and Analysis Results Types of Questions to Instructor and ChatGPT Factors Shaping Students’ Decisions Discussion Questioning As a Distinctive Form of Feedback-Seeking Decision-Making and Emerging Metacognitive Awareness Implications for Feedback and Collaboration Conclusion The Author References
The goals of Asia TEFL are to promote scholarship, disseminate information, and facilitate cross-cultural understanding among persons concerned with the teaching and learning of English in Asia. In order to accomplish this, Asia TEFL will pursue the following goals:
1. To link ELT professionals in joint research on issues and concerns regarding English teaching and learning in the Asian context.
2. To publish an academic journal, The Asia TEFL Journal, as an internationally recognized journal in the field of English language teaching.
3. To host conferences and seminars addressing important issues concerning ELT in Asia.
4. To develop proficiency guidelines and assessment methods designed for the needs of the Asian context.
5. To develop programs for Asian learners and teachers of English to build their English language proficiency and cultural understanding and provide them with the skills required to be efficient English teaching professionals.
간행물
간행물명
The Journal of AsiaTEFL
간기
계간
pISSN
1738-3102
eISSN
2466-1511
수록기간
2004~2026
등재여부
SCOPUS,KCI 등재
십진분류
KDC 740DDC 420
이 권호 내 다른 논문 / The Journal of AsiaTEFL Vol.22 No.4