Rural population dynamics in Mongolia are shaped by strong climatic variability, long-term drying trends, and the vulnerability of pastoral livelihoods to environmental stress. This study examines how desertification related indicators, quarterly climate anomalies, and socioeconomic conditions influence rural population patterns across 21 provinces except Ulaanbaatar from 2006 to 2025. Using a quarterly provincial-level panel dataset, the analysis integrates vegetation conditions (NDVI), soil moisture, long-term drought severity (SPEI-12), temperature anomalies, wind speed, livestock density, and real income. A fixed-effects panel regression framework is employed to control for unobserved provincial characteristics and isolate the temporal effects of environmental and economic variables on rural population. The national-level model shows that cooling anomalies significantly reduce rural population, while warming exerts a modest positive influence. To capture spatial heterogeneity in climate impacts, provinces are separated into drying and stable groups based on long-term SPEI-12 trends. Results indicate that drying regions react more strongly to climate stress: soil moisture becomes significant only in these areas, and livestock density has nearly four times stronger demographic influence than in stable regions. Quarterly temperature models reveal that the positive warming effect originates from winter and spring, while summer cooling intensifies drought stress and reduces rural population. Overall, the findings highlight the combined importance of quarterly climate variability, long-term drying, and rural economic resilience in shaping population dynamics in Mongolia.
목차
Abstract 1. Introduction 2. Research background 3. Analysis method 3.1. Panel regression 3.2. Fixed Effects Model (FE) 3.3. Within Transformation (Derivation of the FE Estimator) 4. Data introduction 5. Analysis and Result 5.1. Description analysis 5.2. National Model: Full Data Panel Regression 5.3. Sub-group Panel Regression 6. Conclusions Acknowledgements References
키워드
Climate anomaliesDesertificationMongoliaPanel regressionRural population
저자
Onon-Ujin Otgonbayar [ Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea ]
Youn Su Kim [ Institute of Well-Aging Medicare CSU G-LAMP Project Group, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea ]
In Hong Chang [ Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea ]
Corresponding Author
조선대학교 기초과학연구원 [The Natural Science Research Institute of Chosun]
설립연도
2008
분야
자연과학>자연과학일반
소개
본 연구원은 기초과학을 진흥하기 위한 연구·교육 및 그 보급을 목적으로 한다. 이 목적을 달성하기 위하여 다음 각 호의 사업을 수행한다.
1. 기초과학 제 분야에 관한 조사와 연구
2. 기초과학에 관한 학술행사(학술대회, 학술세미나, 심포지엄, 초청강연회 등) 개최
3. 학문후속세대 및 일반인을 위한 기초과학 교육
4. 기관지『조선자연과학논문지』 발간
5. 『자연과학연구총서』, 『자연과학번역총서』 등 단행본 발간
6. 기타 본 연구원의 목적과 관련된 사업
간행물
간행물명
통합자연과학논문집(구 조선자연과학논문집) [Journal of Integrative Natural Science]