This study argues that Simsŏl 心說 (Exposition on the heart-mind) by Sŏngho Yi Ik 星湖 李瀷 (1681–1763) follows the traditional Neo-Confucian understanding of the heart-mind. Based on the structural similarity between the three layers of the heart-mind—plant, animal, and human—in his writings and in those of the Jesuit order, much previous research has claimed that he was influenced by Western learning. Although the hierarchy of plant, animal, and human first appeared in the Xunzi 荀子, it is accepted by Zhu Xi 朱熹, and is included in the Sŏngni taejŏn 性理大全 (Compendium on nature and principle). Sŏngho’s articulation of the heart-mind followed Neo-Confucian ideas. He acknowledged that the heart-mind of plants is an allegory that refers to the existence of a pattern-principle in the world. He also described the function of the heart-mind in terms of a consciousness, zhijue 知覺 (K. chigak), that in animals, tends to like profit and hate loss, while in humans, it informs their sense of right and wrong. In contrast, Matteo Ricci rejected the Xunzian hierarchy of the myriad being and instead characterized living things in terms of their possession of a soul and found human beings to be unique in terms of their possession of an immortal soul, comprised of reason and free will. While Western learning may have been an inspiration for Sŏngho in composing Simsŏl, his work followed a Neo-Confucian understanding of the heart-mind.
목차
Abstract Introduction The Hierarchical Order in the True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven and Simsŏl Sŏngho’s Hierarchy of Myriad Beings and East Asian Confucian Tradition Differences in the Hierarchical Order Presented in the True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven and Simsŏl The Vegetative Soul and the Heart-Mind of Plants Sentient Soul and the Heart-Mind of Consciousness Intellective Soul and the Moral Heart-Mind Reason, Free Will, and the Presiding Moral Heart-mind Conclusion References
한국연구원은 1970년 5월 한국 민속의 각 분야에 걸친 자료의 수집과 학술적 연구를 목적으로 '한국민속연구소'로 출발하였다. 그 후 1973년 5월 연구 분야를 확대하며 민속뿐만 아니라 한국학 전반에 걸친 연구를 위해 '한국학연구소'로 개편하였고, 다시 1989년 3월 한국의 국제적 위상의 부상과 함께 한국학 연구의 중요성이 높아짐에 따라 '한국학연구원'으로 확대, 개편하였다. 한국학연구원은 한국학 전반에 걸친 연구를 통해 지역과 민족문화 발전에 기여하며 한국학의 세계화를 위해서 학술활동을 강화하고 나아가 내·외국인에 대한 한국문화 교육을 담당하고자 한다.